【教学目标】 理解冠词的基本用法 名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,
冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。 冠词可以说是名词的一种标志,它不能离开名词而独立存在。表示的名词数量或者特征 。 (1)冠词的分类 冠词分为不定冠词'a,an'、定冠词'the'和零冠词'(/)'三种,零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。 口诀: a与an两种体,不重数量相当“一” 可数名词首次提,有时还可表“每一” a tiger an hour a university an apple an old friend a friend a student an English teacher 不定冠词有'a和an'两种形式。'a'用在以辅音音素开头的词前,而不是辅音字母前;'an'用在以元音音素开头的词前,而不是元音字母前
(2) 不定冠词的用法 1.a和an均用在单数名词之前,表示某一 类人或事物。 Tom is a hard-working student. 汤姆是一个勤奋的学生。 Kate is an English teacher. 凯特是一个英语老师。 2.指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。 A steel worker makes steel. 钢铁工人炼铁。 Pass me an apple,please. 请递给我一个苹果。 3.泛指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。 A student wants to see you. 有个学生想见你。 A girl is waiting for you outside. 有个女孩正在外面等你。 4.表示“每一”的意 思,相当于every。 Take the medicine three times a day. 这种药每天吃三次。 They go to see their grandparents once a week. 他们每周去看一次他们的祖父母。
用在一些固定搭配里: have a walk散步 have a rest休息 have a look看一看 in a hurry匆匆忙忙 make a face做鬼脸 do somebody a favour帮某人忙 a number of许多 have a good time玩得愉快 have a cold感冒 have a headache头痛
定冠词的用法口诀: 特指双熟悉,上文已提及; 1.特指某(些)人或某 (些)事物 The book on the desk is an English dictionary. Beijing is the capital of China. 2.指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。 Open the door,please. Jack is in the library. 3.上文提到过的人或 事物。 Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike.The bike cost him 200 yuan. 4. 表示世界上独一无二的事物。 The sun is bigger than the moon. 用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。 Shanghai is the biggest city in China. January is the first month of the year. 5.用在某些形容词之前,表示某一类人或事物。 The nurse is kind to the sick. We should take good care of the old. 6.用在姓氏复数之前,表示“某某一家人”,“某 某夫妇” The Browns have been in China for over two years.
用在一些固定搭配 里面。 in the morning/afternoon上/下午 in the sun在阳光下 in the same way同样 in the daytime白天 in the end最终 on the other hand另一方面 on the contrary相反
零冠词的用法口诀: 下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前; 1.名词前已有作定语用的this,that,my,your,whose,some,any,no,each,every等代词时,不用冠词。 That is my cup. I have some questions. Go down this street. 2. 某些专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。 China,Canada,Japanese,glass,water,love... 3. 三餐的名称前,球类活动,学科和节目名词前,常不用 冠词。 I have lunch at home. He often plays football after class. We have English and mathevery day. 4.复数名词表示一类人或事物时,不用冠词。 They are workers. We are students. 5.节日、季节、星期、月份前。 Christmas, Children’s Day, spring , Monday, March. 6.表示颜色(如:It's red / yellow.)、语种 (如:speak English/Japanese)和国家的非全称名词 (如:We live in China. They come from America.)。 7. 称呼语前不用冠词,表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。 I don’t feel well today,Mother. Bush Was made president of the U.S.A. 8.在某些固定词组里,名词之前常不用冠词。 by air 坐飞机 at night在晚上 at home在家 go to bed上床睡觉 go to school 去学校 on foot 步行 from morning till night从早到晚
1. What ____ useful book! And ____ book is popular with students. A.a;a B.an;a C.the;the D.a;the 【解析】答案为D。本题考查的是不定冠词a和an和定冠词the的用法。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,而an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。useful是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用a;第二个空考查的是第二次提到的事物,用定冠词the,故选择D。 2.Jack likes playing ____ soccer,but he doesn’t like playing ____ piano. A./;/ B.the;/ C.the;the D./;the 【解析】答案为D。本题考查的是定冠词的用法和不用冠词的情况。在乐器名词前要加定冠词the,而在球类名词前则不加冠词,故选择D。 3. I hope we can fly to ____ moon one day. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【解析】答案为C。本题考查的是定冠词的用法。在世界上独一无二的事物前要用定冠词the,故选择C。 4. Look!____man over there is Li Lei’s father. A.An B.A C.The 【解析】答案为c。本题考查的是定冠词特指的用法。在特指的名词前要用定冠词the,本题特指“那边的那个男人是李雷的爸爸”,故选择C。 5. Mary has a bad cold.She has to stay in ____ bed. A.a B./ C.the 【解析】答案为B。本题考查的是不用冠词的情况。stay in bed是固定短语,不需要用冠词,故选B。
1. Since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again. A. the, the B. 不填,不填 C. the, 不填 D. 不填,the 【解析】选D,big city life 表泛指,其前不用冠词;country 表示“农村”时,其前习惯上要用定冠词。 2. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today. A. the, an B. a, 不填 C. the, the D. 不填, the 【解析】 选B。knowledge 虽为不可数名词,但其前却可用不定冠词,表示某种程度的知识,有类似some的意思;第二空不填冠词,是因为trade 为不可数名词,表示泛指时不用冠词。 3. The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small. A.the, the B. a, the C.the, a D. a, a 【解析】 选B。序数词前通常用定冠词,表示特指(如第二空);有时也用不定冠词,表示原有数量上的增加(如第一空)。 4. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter. A. 不填;the B. 不填;a C. the;不填 D. the; a 【解析】 选 择 C。over [on] the telephone为习语,意为“通过电话”;若用 by telephone 则不用冠词,类似地,by letter(通过信件)也不用冠词。 5. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct. A. the, a B. the, 不填 C. a, 不填 D. 不填, the 【解析】选B,当概括事物的种类时,用定冠词,不用不定冠词;另外in danger of 是短语,不用冠词。
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