 01 1.阴阳的定义及各自属性 Definition：Yin and Yang are the summarization of attributes of two opposite aspects of interrelated things or phenomena in nature. Yin：static dark cold substantial（物质）dimness stillness Yang：dynamic bright hot functional brightness movement 药味：Yang——acrid（辛）；sweet； bland（淡）； Yin——sour（酸）；bitter salty 药性：Yang——dispersing（散）； ascending（上升）；floating； Yin ——astringent（收敛）；descending； sinking 2.阴阳学说的四种关系 阴阳对立：Yin and Yang opposed eachother 阴阳互根：Yin and Yang depend on each other 阴阳消长：Yin and Yang wane and wax between each other 阴阳转化：Yin and Yang transform between each other 3. ①重阴必阳，重阳必阴：Extreme yin turns into yang and extreme yang turns into yin ②寒极生热，热极生寒：Extreme cold brings on heat and extreme heat brings on cold ③《素问》曰：阴平阳秘，精神乃治；阴阳离决，精神乃治 The equilibrium of Yin and yang makes thevitality well-conserved；the divorce of Yin and yang （makes the）essence-qi exhausted. ④阳胜则热，阴胜则寒；阳虚则寒，因虚则热；阳损及阴，阴损及阳 Yang excess leads to heat syndrome whileYin excess causes cold syndrome； Yang deficiency results in cold syndromewhile Yin deficiency causes heat syndrome； Yang deficiency affects Yin while Yindeficiency affects Yang. ⑤善诊者，必先察色按脉，以别阴阳：A skilled diagnostician ，first of all，differentiates between yin and yang when observing the complexionand feeling the pulse. 4. ……者……之：treating……with…… 实者泄之：treating excess syndrome with purgation——purging excess 虚者补之：treating deficiency syndrome with invigoration ——invigorating deficiency 02 The Theory of Five Elements 1.五行定义：The five elements refer to wood、fire、earth、metal and water as well as their motion and changes in natural world. 2.五行属性： 木曰曲直：Wood is the bending and straighting（growth、developmentand free activity） 火曰炎上：Fire is the flaming up (warmth、heat、ascending、brightness ) 土爰稼穑：earth is the sowing and reaping（reception、cultivation、transformation） 金曰从革：Metal is the working of change（change、depuration、astringency） 水曰润下：Water is the moistening and flowing downward (cold、coolness、closure、storage) 3.五行关系： 相生：generation 相克：restriction 相乘：over-restriction 相侮：counter-restriction 母子关系：mother-childrelationship 4.五行生克顺序： 生：wood generates fire,fire generates earth,earth generates metal,metal generates water,and water inturn,generates wood. 克：wood restricts earth，earth restricts water…… 5.五行与五脏关系： liver—wood ; heart—fire; spleen—earth ; lung—metal ; kindy—water. 03 The Five Zang-Organs 心（heart） The main physiological function of the heart are to control the blood and vessels and govern the mind。（主要生理功能为主血脉，主神志） 肺（lung） The main physiological function of the lung are to dominate qi andcontrol respiration，govern ascent，dispersion，purification and descent as well as regulate water passage。 脾（spleen） The main physiological function ofthe spleen are to govern transportation and transformation，control blood and dominate muscles and limbs，open intothe mouth and associate with thought in emotion andslobber in secretion.（主运化、统血、四肢肌肉、开窍于口，在志为思，在液为涎） 肝（liver） The main physiological function of the liver are to store blood ，govern free flow qi，control tendons and open into the eyes.（藏血，主疏泄，主筋，开窍于母） 肾（kidney） The main physiological function ofthe kidney are to store essence，control growth development and reproduction，govern water，receive qiand open into the ears，anus and urethra.（主藏精，主生长、发育、生殖和水液代谢，主纳气，开窍于耳和二阴） 编辑：芩黛 |
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