五十九. Chopsticks
Chopsticks are an ancient way of eating food, and even though they were developed some 5,000 years ago in China, the tradition is still alive around the modern world. There are many reasons for using chopsticks, but probably they developed because using two sticks of wood allows one to get close enough to get the food out of a pot (锅) without burning themselves.
Although forks and knives and other pointed tools have been introduced to China over the years, chopsticks have remained the main way to eat food. Chopsticks are mostly made from wood, with bamboo being the most widely used. Foreigners like to buy silk chopsticks as gifts.
The Chinese people usually eat from a bowl or small plate They use chopsticks to eat noodles and rice, but Koreans(韩国人)eat their rice with a spoon.
【汉语翻译】
筷子
筷子(chopsticks)是一种古老的吃饭工具。尽管(even though)筷子是五千多年前在中国发展起来的，这个传统在当今世界依然是方兴未艾。使用筷子有很多原因，但筷子的兴起很可能是由于用两根木制的棍(stick)可以使人在距离锅足够近的地方，把食物从锅里取出来而不会烫伤(burn)自己。
这些年来，尽管刀叉(knife and fork)和其他带尖的工具已经传入(introduce)中国，筷子却仍然是主要的(main)吃饭方式。
筷子大部分是木制的，竹子(bamboo)应用的最广泛。外国人(foreigner)喜欢购买丝绸(silk)筷子当作礼物。
中国人通常利用碗(bowl)或小盘子吃饭。他们使用筷子吃面条(noodles)和米饭，但韩国人用汤匙(spoon)吃米饭。
六十. Beijing Zoo
Beijing Zoo has many animals such as the giant (巨大的) panda and the golden monkey, and also has the animals from all over the world——elephant, camel, giraffe, tiger, lion, zebra, etc.
Beijing Zoo covers an area of more than 50,000 square meters and there are more than 30 large halls. It is also a famous center of zoological(动物的) research.
Recently, a new form of ticketing has been introduced at Beijing Zoo——a CD-like ticket. There is music and video of the animals in it. You can read it through your computer or V player. There is also an important message on the CD: we should all help protect the environment where we live.
【汉语翻译】
北京动物园
北京动物园(zoo)有很多动物，如大熊猫(panda)和金丝猴(golden monkey)，也有许多来自世界各地的动物——大象、骆驼（camel）、长颈鹿、老虎(tiger)、狮子、斑马(zebra)等。
北京动物园占地50000平方米(square meters)，有30多个场馆。北京动物园也是著名的动物学研究中心(research center)。
最近，北京动物园引进一种新形式(form)的票——一种光盘式的票。光盘里面有音乐和这些动物的视频(video)。你可以通过电脑或影碟(V)播放器来阅读这些信息。这张光盘里还有一条重要短信：我们都应该保护我们的居住环境(environment)。
六十一. Coke
If you have too much coke, sugar, and chocolate, you'll be easily getting fat. Now I'd like to talk about coke.
Coke is a soft drink. It has many advantages but on the other hand many disadvantages which lead to health problems.
There are plenty of sugar added to give the coke more taste and energy and while energy can be good, too much of it can increase health risks.
But it looks as if coke will still remain number one when it comes to soft drinks but please remember that if you have health problems then do not drink it, if not, coke still remains a favorite, and drink it sometimes!
【汉语翻译】
可乐
如果你喝太多可乐(coke)、食用太多糖(sugar)和巧克力，你会很容易发胖。现在我想谈谈可乐。
可乐是一种软饮料(soft drink)。它有很多好处(advantage)，但另一方面也有很多不利之处(disadvantage)，可以导致(lead to)健康问题。
可乐里添加了相当多的糖让可乐味道更好并提供更多能量，虽然能量是好的，但过多会增加(increase)健康风险。
但说到软饮料，看起来好像（it looks as if）可乐仍是排名第一，但请记住如果你有健康问题，那么不要喝它，如果没有，可乐仍可作为喜爱之物，可以偶尔饮之。
六十二. Strawberry and Watermelon Juice
Finding pleasant ways to eat more fruit is one of the secrets of losing weight successfully.
Because strawberry and watermelon taste very good when put together, this strawberry and watermelon Juice is a great way to help us to achieve the purpose of losing weight.
This juice is lovely served for breakfast with our strawberry and orange pancakes. Put l/2 cup of strawberries and 2 cups of watermelon together, and serve immediately in your favorite glass.
【汉语翻译】
草莓西瓜果汁
找到吃更多水果的快乐方式是成功减肥的一个秘诀。
因为草莓(strawberry)和西瓜(watermelon)放在一起时味道很好，这个草莓西瓜果汁(juice)是帮助我们实现(achieve)减肥目标的好方式。
这种果汁配上草莓和橘子薄饼(pancake)，那可是一顿美味的早餐了。放入1/2杯的草莓和2杯西瓜搅拌，装入你最喜欢的玻璃杯里，就立刻端上来吧。
六十三. Don't Pay the Cost
All kinds of vehicles——buses, coaches, cars and motorcycles, come and go every day. But it seems that we think the road is ours! The drivers may be a boss or a high-level worker, but will not care about the rules of road.
We feel proud that we've got our driving license, but we must drive safely. It is wise to follow many rules and laws. You must know what traffic lights and signs(标记) mean. You must know where and when you can park . Also use common sense and politeness. Be careful and enjoy the drive!
Never pay the cost of your and your family's safety along with the safety of other people on the road. Please set an example to your kids and others.
【汉语翻译】
不要付出这种代价
各种车辆(vehicle)---公交车、长途汽车(coach)、轿车以及摩托车(motorcycle)，每天来来往往。但看样子似乎我们认为公路是我们的！这些驾驶员可能是老板或是高水平的(high-level)工人(worker)，却不在乎交通规则。
我们得到了驾照(driving license)觉得很骄傲，但我们必须安全驾驶。遵守众多规章和法律是明智的(wise)。你必须要知道交通灯(traffic lights)和标识的含义。你必须要知道你在何时何地停车(park)。此外，运用常识，要有礼貌。要小心并享受驾驶！
决不要付出你和你家人的安全以及公路上其他人安全的代价。请为你的孩子以及其他人树立一个榜样(example)。
六十四. Iron and Steel
The iron and steel industry is an important basic industry of the national economy(经济). Modern life depends greatly on iron, the most widely used of all metals, usually in the form of steel. It is needed to carry out even the simplest daily tasks.
【汉语翻译】
钢铁
钢铁(iron and steel)工业(industry)是国家(national)经济中一个重要的基础产业(basic industry)。现代生活很大程度上依靠(depend on)铁，它是所有金属中应用最广泛的，通常以钢的形式出现。即使是执行(carry out) 一些最简单的日常任务(task)也需要铁。
六十五. Time Never Returns
Small machines have been invented to measure(测量) time. They are clocks and watches. The invention was a great success.
Today almost everyone wears a watch on his arm to tell the time. Same watches also tell the date. Men, women and children wear them. Now good watches are almostcompletely correct. Repairs and oiling are seldom necessary.
A clock wakes us. The clock at the office records the time we arrive at work, and the one in the kitchen tells us when dinner is ready. We try to be on time forconferences, we try to save time for important things and not to waste time on stupid things, and we pay for time to park on a busy street. People often say that time is money . Truly we can create wealth by using time in a proper way.
Time passes rapidly, and it never returns. We want to be always young, but that's impossible. That is the magic of time.We can't catch time. Time isdifficult to control and easy to waste. In fact, time is dangerous. If we don’t control it, it will control us. So we must become the master of time, not its servant.
Time is fair to everyone. Let's make good use of our time! Never put off until tomorrow what can be done today.
【汉语翻译】
时间永不复返
人们已经发明(invent)测量时间的小机器(machine)。它们是钟表(clock)和手表。这项发明是一个伟大的成功。
如今几乎每个人都在胳膊上戴着一块手表来看时间，有些也可看日期(date)。男女老少都戴手表。现在好的手表几乎是完全准确的(completely correct)，很少需要修理(repair)或上油。
钟表可以叫醒我们。办公室的钟表记录我们上班时到达的时间，厨房的钟表告诉我们什么时间饭做好了。我们尽力及时参加会议(conference)，我们尽力为重要事情节省时间而不把时间浪费(waste)在愚蠢的事情上，在繁忙的街道我们为停车的时间付费。人们常说“时间就是金钱”。确实我们可以通过合理利用时间而创造财富(create wealth)。
时间快速地(rapidly)逝去，永不复返。我们想要永远年轻，但那是不可能的，这就是时间的魅力(magic)。我们无法抓住时间。控制(control)时间是困难的(difficult)，但浪费时间很容易。实际上，时间是危险的。如果我们不去控制时间，它将控制我们。因此我们必须成为时间的主人(master)而不是它的仆人(servant)。
时间对每个人都是公平的(fair)，让我们好好利用(make good use of)我们的时间吧！今天能做的事不要拖延(put off)到明天（今日事今日毕）!
六十六. The ABC of Kongfu
Follow the instructions carefully. There are no pictures here, only step by step instruction. Also, I hope this article will help those who haven't the chance to go to a club for Chinese Kongfu training. You may practice anywhere, but let me offer some suggestions before we begin.
If you are practicing a form, you will need enough room. However, you may always practice parts of the form when there is no enough space. The height of theceiling is not important, either. Even if you have to keep your knees bent(弯曲)in order not to hurt your head, that is in fact good in your training. A dirty basement(地下室) corner may be cleaned-and perhaps an old mirror can be placed on a chair for corrections. You don't need a lot of light, either. What is important is to wear big warm clothing and flat shoes such as cheap cotton tennis shoes.
【汉语翻译】
功夫入门
认真按这些说明(instructions)去做。这里没有图片，只是一个个步骤的说明。此外，我希望这篇文章(article)可以帮助那些没机会去好功夫馆(中国功夫培训俱乐部(club))的人。你可以在任何地方练习(practice)．但在我们开始之前，让我提供(offer)一些建议(suggestion)。
如果你在练习招式，你需要足够的空间。但如果没有足够的空间，你也可以一直练习部分招式。天花板(ceiling)的高度(height)也不重要(not important either)。即使(even if)你为了不伤着头部而不得不弯着膝盖(knee)，要知道，这实际上在你的训练中也是有好处的。可以清理一下脏乎乎的地下室角落(corner)——也许椅子上可以放一面旧镜子(mirror)用于改正。你也不需要很多的灯。重要的是穿着宽松温暖的衣服和平底鞋(flat shoes)，如便宜的棉布(cotton)网球鞋。
六十七. The First African-American First Lady
Barack H. Obama, the 44th President of the United States, has become the number one hero in the heart of Americans. His wife Michelle Obama serves as First Lady. The position of First Lady carries no official(官方的) duties, so each First Lady has served her country according to(按照) her own wishes and interests. Some have played an active role in policy-making.
On April 3 in London, U. S First Lady told children at a North London school that being smart is cool, and education is the most important thing in life. She spoke to the students, "If you want to know the reason why I am standing here, it's because of education." She told the 100 young girls，"I never cut class. I loved getting A's, I liked being smart. I thought being smart is cooler than anything in the world. "
She tried to lift their spirits and asked the girls to believe their dreams.
【汉语翻译】
美国第一位非洲裔第一夫人
巴拉克·奥巴马，美国第44任总统(president)，已经成为美国人心中排名第一的英雄(hero)。他的妻子米歇尔·奥巴马任第一夫人。第一夫人的职位(position)没有官方义务，因此每位第一夫人都是按照自己的意愿和兴趣为国家效劳。有一些第一夫人曾在政策制定(policy-making)中起到积极的作用(play an active role in)。
4月3日在伦敦，美国第一夫人告诉北伦敦一所学校的孩子们聪明(smart)即是酷，教育是一生中最重要的事。她对孩子们说，“如果你们想知道我为什么可以站在这里，那是因为教育。”她告诉这一百名年轻女孩，“我从不旷课。我喜欢得A，我喜欢聪明……我认为聪明比世上任何事情都酷。”
她尽力给孩子们提升(lift)士气，告诉这些女孩要相信她们的梦想。
六十八. Japanese Poem Card Game
The Karuta(歌留多) game is a traditional Japanese game. What is Karuta? Karuta is a Japanese word for a game which is played everywhere. It's really quite simple:
1. Lay all the cards face down on the table or floor.
2. The students put their hands on their heads.
3. The teacher calls out one of the cards.
4. The first student to "snap"(抢夺) the card keeps it.
5. When there are no more cards, the winner is the person with the most.
This game usually works well with pronunciation.
A Japanese poem card game was held in Beijing on Saturday. This was also a Karuta game.
More than a score of Chinese college and middle school students and a dozen Japanese primary school student , joined in the Karuta (歌留多) game. The Chinese students were from Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing University of Science and Technology and some other universities. They tried to recite some of the poems written on the cards. A third-year college student felt she was lucky she got the victory. Her team won the first place.
The students from two countries played together and were friendly to each other.
【汉语翻译】
日本诗歌纸牌比赛
歌留多游戏是一种传统的(traditional)日本(Japanese)游戏。什么是歌留多呢？歌留多是一个日语单词，指的是一种游戏，到处(everywhere)都有玩这个游戏的。它非常简单：
1．把所有卡片(card)面朝下放置(lay)在桌子上或地面上。
2．学生们把双手放到头上。
3．老师念出其中一张卡片。
4．第一个夺到那张卡片的人则保留该卡片。
5．当没有卡片时，得到卡片最多的那个人获胜。
这个游戏通常对发音(pronunciation)很有帮助。
日本诗歌(poem)纸牌比赛于星期六在北京举行。这也是一个歌留多游戏。
二十(score)多位中国大学生和中学生以及十二(dozen)位日本小学生(primary school students)参加了这次歌留多比赛。
这些中国学生来自北京外国语大学、北京科技(science and technology)大学和其他一些学校。他们尽力背诵(recite)写在卡片上的一些诗歌。一位大三的学生觉得自己能获得胜利(victory)很幸运。她的队赢得第一名(win the first place)。
来自两个国家的学生们一起玩，彼此很友好。
六十九. Taking a Shower (1)
Taking a shower can make you cleaner and healthier. Before taking a shower, remember to place your clothes in an area where they will not get wet. The toilet is not the best place, as it can provide a place for germs (细菌). Also, check the temperature, and as soon as the temperature is correct, carefully step into the shower, and then begin to wash your body.
A shower can be very relaxing at the end of a day, or in the very beginning of a new day. But if you want to enjoy your shower to the highest degree, please read on to find out!
【汉语翻译】
洗淋浴(1)
洗淋浴(take a shower)可以让你更干净更健康。在洗淋浴之前，记着把你的衣服放在不会受潮的地方。卫生间(toilet)不是最佳的地方，由于它会为细菌提供场所。此外，检查温度(temperature)，水温一旦合适，就小心地走进去，然后开始洗(wash)你的身体了。
在晚上或刚起床后洗个淋浴会非常令人放松的(relaxing)。但如果你要最大程度(degree)地享受淋浴，那么请接着阅读。
六十九. Taking a Shower (2)
1. Prepare the bathroom. Make the room smell good, possibly light some candles and turn off the lights, whatever you feel makes a relaxing environment.
2. Prepare your favorite drink such as juice, milk and wine! Use a plastic or metal drink container(容器) with a cover. Do not use a container made of glass! If it falls, the pieces could hurt you.
3. Remember to take deep breaths, and that your primary aim here is to relax, so do not think anything unhappy.
4. Believe that you are in your own little world, and, especially, enjoy the water.
5. Buy a shower radio, so while taking a shower you can listen to music at the same time.
6. If you feel you need it, sing aloud!
【汉语翻译】
洗淋浴(2)
1. 把浴室(bathroom)准备停当。让房间闻起来很好，也许可以点上一些蜡烛然后关灯(turn off the lights)，无论什么只要你感觉有一个令人放松的环境(a relaxing environment)就好。
2. 准备你最喜欢的饮品如果汁、牛奶或酒(wine)!使用一个塑料的(plastic)或金属的(metal)饮料容器，带盖的。不要用玻璃制的容器。如果跌落了，碎片有可能会伤到你。
3. 记着做深呼吸(take deep breaths)，在这里你的首要目的(primary aim)就是放松，因此不要去想任何不开心的事。
4. 相信你是在你自己的小世界里，尤其是要享受水。
5. 买一个浴室收音机，这样在你洗澡时，还可以同时（at the same time）听音乐。
6. 如果你感觉需要唱歌，那就大声唱（sing aloud）吧！
七十. On Jupiter
We do not yet know if the planet Jupiter(木星) has a solid surface. Jupiter's clouds are thought to be about 30 miles (50km) thick. Jupiter has sixteen moons.
Jupiter is easy to find very early in the morning in the sky. Walk outside before the sun rises, and look south and up. Jupiter shines more brightly than everything around it. Small telescopes(望远镜) have no trouble seeing Jupiter's cloud belts(云带) and its four largest moons.
【汉语翻译】
关于木星
我们尚不知道木星这颗行星(planet)是否有固体的表面(solid surface)。木星的云据认为有30英里(mile)（50公里）厚。木星拥有十六颗卫星(moon)。
黎明时分在天空中很容易看到木星。在日出前走到外面，向南方(south)上空望去。木星比周围一切都要亮。小型望远镜很容易看到木星的云带和它的四颗最大的卫星。
（整理初中英语网络资源，仅做教学教研之用，尊重原创）
第二部分 中考英语三轮策略
第一轮 课本知识与中考考点梳理
中考是针对初一至初三知识点系统的考察，初三学生对初一初二所学的英语知识已有遗忘或不牢，本着“温故知新”的原则，要求学生扎扎实实搞好基础知识的复习。在这个阶段按单元归纳语言知识点，对各单元的语法知识点进行梳理，同时注意基础词汇、词组、句型的过关，通过配套的练习、试卷等，复习检测，逐步形成英语语言综合能力。而是将课本中的重要的知识点条理化、系统化。
例如《总复习同步整合方案》（2018年最新福建专版）
1、教材按照单元考点梳理总共分18各单元；
2、每个单元配套《单元考点随堂测评》和福建中考题型《考点同步集训》
第二轮 语法专题复习
语法专题复习要突出重点，牢固掌握。
在对课本知识的回顾后，相应地提高要求，进行系统整理消化，抓住重点，加深理解，强化记忆。
本轮的复习，既抽象难懂，又枯燥无味，从以下几个方面入手，由浅入深，循序渐进，点滴渗透，不断推进。
A．英语的十大类词：名词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、动词、数词、介词、连词和感叹词
B．英语的九种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时和过去将来时
C.句子分类:陈述句、祈使句、疑问句和感叹句
D.句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语
E.简单句的基本句型的用法
F.句子结构:简单句、并列句以及复合句
G.直接引语变间接引语
H. 非谓语性动词的用法:动名词、现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式
I.主谓一致：
*三个原则：意思一致、语法一致和就近原则
*并列结构作主语：and, both...and..., or, either...or...,
neither…nor.., not only...but…also… ,not...but...,
*名词+介词短语作主语
*不定代词作主语
*There be 和 Here be 的就近原则
*特殊名词作主语
*表数量概念的词或短语作主语
*动名词不定式或从句作主语
J. 主动语态和被动语态的用法
K. 虚拟语气的用法
L. 倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法
我们学习英语语法的目的就是使用语言。我觉得语法对于一种语言来说就好像一根拐杖一样，当我们还不会走路或我们遇到困难时，我们才会想到它。
在复习的过程中反复练习，逐步对语法有整体的印象，从而掌握一些基本的语法知识，进一步提高综合运用英语的能力。
例如：《总复习同步整合方案》（2018年最新福建专版）
第三轮 专项复习及综合训练
专项复习与综合性训练复习，如词汇、语法、阅读、写作等，建立一个完整的知识网络。（公众号里均有相关材料）
此外，通过练习查漏补缺，及时解决存在的问题第三阶段重点是全面提升应对考试的能力。主要目的是适应中考要求，提高应试技巧。本轮侧重审题解题能力，同时要在进行综合练习和模拟测试中，提高综合能力，从而使复习达到良性的循环：知识——能力——知识。
* 词汇部分
词汇维系着语音和语法，是语言的建筑基石，是英语学习的基础。重视词汇在语篇和情景中的运用，建议将每一次阅读、习题出现的陌生单词及不熟悉单词单独誊抄在单词本，每天每周反复记忆
* 听力部分
建议每天坚持听说20～30分钟，保持耳朵对语言的敏感和熟悉程度。尤其要有意识地锻炼语言运用能力，培养把听到的语言转换成书面语言的能力。
* 单项选择部分
单项选择题的特点是：考点多，潜隐性强。强调在语境中考查所学知识，在语境中体现语言的运用和交际。
* 完形填空部分
完形填空题既能检测对单词辨析、单词搭配、惯用法以及语法的掌握，又能考查篇章理解和逻辑推理能力，故而成为中考试题中不可或缺的、调节整个试卷难易程度的杠杆题。建议平时多积累固定搭配用法、词义辨析、动词短语等。
* 阅读理解部分
英语文章的阅读理解既是我们英语学习的出发点和归宿，它不但要求看懂文章，而且要理解文章的深层内涵，做题时可以根据自己的习惯先通览全文或先读题，带着问题去文章中找答案
* 首字母填空
通览全篇，通过上下文句意理解、逻辑推理、固定搭配以及句型结构等方法相结合
* 书面表达部分
要做好书面表达，还应注意以下几个方面：
①语言的准确性
②语言的得体性
要注意摆脱汉语的影响，写出地道的英语，避免Chiglish的出现。
③表达的连贯性
值得注意的是在考试中如果有不确定的单词或句型不要冒险去写，换作自己熟悉的词汇短语
冲刺策略
基础为主，做题为辅。
经过三轮的复习后，在最后冲刺时应避免的误区，这段时间只看书或者只做题。其实，科学的方法是把两者结合起来，以课本知识为主，以练习为辅。
同样的内容可以变换出很多的题型和角度，不变的是基础知识，所以扎实掌握基础知识才是根本。
本阶段基础知识的复习要侧重宏观方面的，注重知识体系的特点，而不是一些零碎的知识点。但这并不是说不再去做题，因为应试技巧是有惯性的，所以不要把考试的习惯中断，应适当地做一些模拟题练手。
不过本阶段的学习主要是一个考前归纳总结的过程，建议不要做大量的题目，因为有时题目会使思维变得狭窄，尤其是不要去做那些偏题、怪题。
可以做一些典型题目，把它们的特点了然于胸。同时训练答题的策略，考试分为基础题、中等题、难度题三部分。
基础题考查基础知识，中等题考查运用能力，难度题考查学生综合能力。
答这三种题型，要知道“慢做会题，求全对;稳做中等题，一分也不浪费;后做难度题，值得去回味”的道理。
通过分轮复习到综合复习，能够从不同角度得到反复的复习和强化练习由浅入深，既有点的知识，又有面的综合，使知识系统化，使能力得到提高、加强。同时在心理上也得到相应的调节，以最佳的状态迎接中考。
