“我劝你善良”,这是一句2018热门网络语;它的英文用法 “I advise that you should be kind”,就是我们今天要学的虚拟语气。在上次课《虚拟语气攻略一》中,我们学习了 3种 if 从句的虚拟语气及其倒装结构;如果这你都不觉得难,今天更可以愉快地搞掂攻略二了~ 通过这节课,我们讲几个动词、几个名词、几个形容词、几个介词(短语)和几个常用结构。 攻略二的虚拟语气结构以 should do 为主;大多数情况下,should 可以省略。注:下文例句中,带括号的(should)表示可以省略。 01 几个动词1)当表示要求、建议、命令等的动词作谓语时,跟在后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气(should)do: 2)被动:It is suggested that… 我们之前讲过,被动句不强调“谁做”,而是强调什么被怎样了。对于这类结构,可以这样理解: It is suggested that…(有人)建议…… It is proposed that…(有人)提议…… It is desired that… 希望…… 3)值得注意 wish 的用法,它跟我们在攻略一学的 if 从句虚拟语气相似。至于 wish 后的宾语从句,如果: >> 跟现在事实相反,谓语用 did: I wish I knewhow to quit you. >> 跟过去事实相反,谓语用 had done: I wish we hadn’t met before. 我希望我们从未相遇。 注:实际上,我们在过去的某天遇见了,无奈两人越活越冷清。因此说,我的愿望与过去事实相反。 4)需要注意的,还有两个“多义词” 当 insist 作“坚持认为”、suggest 作“表明”解释时,不使用虚拟语气。 ๑乛◡乛๑ 现在,大家来做题放松下大脑~ * I insist that you ________ (come) with us. * He insisted that she ________ (not die). * Her poor shape suggested that she ________(be) ill. * Jack Ma suggests we ________ (change) ourselves instead of trying to change Donald Trump. 02 几个名词当下列名词在句子中作主语,可用虚拟语气 (should) do。注:它们多由 01 Part 的动词而来: 举个栗子,围绕“咱该开始买年货的建议”,suggestion 可以这么用(如果大家觉得表语从句、同位语从句很难记,目前不必非得认清楚;大家跟着我拆解例句,发现其中的规则) 1)XX + be + that 从句 2)XX + that 从句 + 谓语 … 除了名词形式的表达,我们还能使用在 01 Part 学习的宾语从句: 3)I suggest that we (should) start making holiday purchases. 03 几个形容词当以下形容词出现在“It is + 形容词 + that 从句”的句式中时,从句常用虚拟语气 should do,用来表达惋惜、震惊、理所当然等情感。
04 几个介词(短语)05 几个常用结构>> as if/ though 就像…… 用法与 if 从句虚拟语气相似:与现在事实相反, as if/ though 从句用 did;与过去事实相反,从句用 had done. >> if only 要是……就好了 表达一种愿望,与 01 Part 讲的 wish 的用法相似,一般过去时 did 表示现在的愿望,过去完成时 had done 表示过去的愿望。 If only I wererich! 要是我有钱就好了!(实际上我很穷) If only I had kept my temper! 当时忍住就好了!(实际上当时炸了) >> would rather 宁愿…… 用法同上,也是表达愿望,分为对现在/将来的愿望,还是对过去的愿望。 I would rather you stayed. 我宁愿你留下。(然而你不在) I would rather we hadn’t met before. 我希望我们未曾遇见。(实际上遇见了) >> It’s (high/ about) time… 该……了 常用一般过去时 did。 It is high time I went to bed. = It is high time Ishould go to bed. 我该睡觉了。 06 课后练习1) Our idea is that the match ______. A. would put off B. should put off C. be put off 2) The tree looked as if it ______ for a long time. A. didn’t water B. wasn’t watered C. hadn’t been watered 3) I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and go to work. A. could have slept B. slept C. would sleep 4) — Did you make it at last? — Yes! But for your help, it ______ a serious loss. A. would cause B. would have caused C. caused 5) My uncle insists ______ in this hotel. A. staying not B. that he would not stay C. that he not stay 6) It is vital that enough money ______ to fund the project. A. was collected B. can be collected C. be collected 7) I’d rather you ______ make any comment on the issue for the time being. A. didn’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t 8) While crossing the mountain area, all the men carried guns lest they ______ by wild animals. A. would be attacked B. should be attacked C. was attacked ⁽⁽ଘ( ˊᵕˋ )ଓ⁾⁾ 获取答案微·信·公·号:虫虫讲英语 后·台·回·复:攻略二 「虫虫讲英语」老少咸宜的英语学习号 —— 有时候,语法换一种方式讲,就听懂了。 07 总结>> 跟在以下动词后面的从句,用虚拟语气 (should) do: 注:1)wish 比较特殊,用法跟if从句-虚拟语气相似,愿望跟现在事实相反用 did;跟过去事实相反用 had done。 2)当 insist 表示“坚持认为”、suggest 表示“表明”时,不使用虚拟语气。 >> 当以下名词在句子中作主语,从句用虚拟语气 (should) do: >> 当以下形容词出现在“It is + adj. + that 从句”中时,从句用虚拟语气 (should) do: >> 遇到这3个介词(短语),用 should/ might do: >> 遇到这4个介词(短语),用 would do 或 would have done: >> 遇到这3个结构,用 >> 遇到这个结构,用 should do 或一般过去时: It’s (high/ about) time… |
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