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Acute nasosinusitis 恶性鼻窦炎 Introduction 【概述】
Acute nasosinusitis generally refers toacute suppurative nasosinusitis which is the suppurative infection of themucosa of the nasal sinus. Clinically it mainly manifests as profuse turbidnasal discharge, nasal obstruction, headache and dizziness. The incidence ofacute nasosinusitis is higher in children and juveniles. The maxillary sinus ismost susceptible to the onset, the ethmoid sinus more and, frontal sinus andsphenoid sinus least. Nasosinusitis, to a certain degree, affects the functionsof its neighbouring organs, lower repiratory tract and digestive tract, andsometimes may cause severe intracranial complications. 急性鼻窦炎一般是指急性化脓性鼻窦炎，是鼻窦粘膜的化脓性感染。临床主要表现为鼻流浊涕量多、鼻塞、头痛头昏。急性鼻窦炎的发病率儿童和青少年较高，发病的鼻窦以上颌窦最高，其后依次为筛窦、额窦和蝶窦。鼻窦炎对邻近器官和下呼吸道、消化道功能有一定影响，有时可发生严重的颅内并发症。
Acute nasosinusitis is mostly thecomplication of acute rhinitis. Besides, dirty water enters the sinus when oneis swimming; air pressure changes suddenly when one is taking aplane or diving;one has trauma or acute infectious diseases, all these may give rise toinflammation, consequently resulting in the disease. The commonly-seenpathogenic bacteria include Diplococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus, hemolyticstreptococcus; the less commonly-seen pathogenic bacteria bacilli such asinfluenza bacillus, Bacillus proteus and bacillus coli; mycotic infection isthe least commonly-seen. Odontogenic nasosinusitis is mostly caused byanaerobic bacteria. 急性鼻窦炎多为急性鼻炎并发症，或因游泳时污水进入窦腔、飞行或潜水时气压骤变、外伤和急性传染病期经血行或淋巴径路感染窦腔等。常见致病菌为肺炎双球菌、葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌，其次为杆菌，如流感杆菌、变形杆菌、大肠杆菌等。真菌感染少见。牙原件鼻窦炎的致病菌多为厌氧菌。
The disease belongs to the category of “Biynan” (turbid nasaldischarge) in TCM. Its cause lies in the fact that pathogenic factors invadeexternally, with the viscera like the lung, gallbladder and spleen as well asmeridians involved. Its main pathogenesis is as follows: When wind and heatinvade the lung,it will make the lung unable to disperse and descend the lungqi, causing pathogenic heat to scorch the nasal sinus along the meridian; or ifthe excessive heat of the lung transmits the liver and gallbladder internally,the fire and heat of gallbladder meridian will rise to scorch the nasal sinus:also, excessive intake of sweet and greasy food may impair the spleen andstomach internally,this will cause internal accumulation of turbid dampness. Theheat transformed from the stagnated turbid dampness will rise along the meridianto scorch the nasal sinus. In all the above cases, the disease may occur. 根据本病的临床表现，中医学属“鼻渊”范畴。其病因为邪毒外犯，肺、胆、脾等脏腑经脉受累。主要病机为风热犯肺，肺失清肃，邪热循经蒸灼鼻窦；或肺热壅盛，内传肝胆，胆经火热，上灼鼻窦；此外，平素多食肥甘，内伤脾胃者，湿浊内聚，郁而化热，亦可循经上蒸鼻窍，发为鼻渊。 TO BE CONTINUED。。。 高山流水纯音乐 - 高山流水-古筝 |
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