 Yo-Yo Ma, A Life Led With Bach 马友友：随着“小溪”奔寻“大海”的日子 By Mary Louise Kelly 译者的话 看到这篇马友友谈论巴赫的文章，我就毫不犹豫下定决心要翻译，两人可都是我男神级别的人物啊！标题要怎么翻译，我忖度了很久，记得在哪里看过说巴赫(Bach)在德文中是小溪的意思，而贝多芬曾评价到：他不是小溪，而是大海。贝多芬本人说没说过这话，目前我无从考证，要几十年后的某天我见着他了，说不定能当面问问。 但是巴赫家族诞生的70多位音乐家以及约·塞·巴赫所写下的浩若星辰的杰作的确能使“巴赫”成为大海的代名词，于是我将标题译成《随着“小溪”奔寻“大海”的日子》。还记得我大二还是大三那年，冒着雨都要去看马友友和吴彤在西安城墙瓮城里举行的音乐会，虽然离YO YO很远，但他的演奏却能历经雨水百般阻拦，毫无亏免地抵达我的心脏。 兴奋，好歹这是我可能这辈子只有一次的与马友友近距离接触的机会；遗憾，没胆儿上去要个签名合照什么的……今天就借着这篇文章以表对巴赫和马友友的崇敬与喜爱吧，期待音乐路上与你们更多的精彩相遇。 Yo-Yo Ma opened his recent Tiny Desk concert with the gently rolling 'Prelude' fromJ. S. Bach's Unaccompanied Cello Suite No. 1. It's music Ma has lived with nearly all of his life. 马友友以巴赫的无伴奏大提琴组曲第一号中的序曲为他最近的一场“小桌子音乐会”（译者注：隶属于美国国家公共电台的一档音乐节目）温柔地拉开了序幕。这首曲子几乎伴随了马友友的一生。 'Believe it or not, this was the very first piece of music I started on the cello when I was four years old,' he told the crowd, tightly squeezed between the office furniture on NPR's fourth floor. “说来你们可能不信，这是我四岁接触大提琴时学习的第一首曲子”，他向他的观众们说道。今天来的人很多，使得这间位于美国国家公共电台四楼的演播室都略显狭小。  Ma and Bach's six Cello Suites have remained constant companions. The music — two-and-a-half hours of sounds that map humanity in all its triumphs, joys and sorrows — has become a lodestar for the celebrated cellist. Ma's first recording of the complete set won him a Grammy in 1984. He released another set in 1997, the result of collaborations with architects, ice skaters and Kabuki artists. And now, a third cycle of the suites has arrived, an album Ma calls Six Evolutions – Bach: Cello Suites. 巴赫的六首大提琴组曲一直以来都陪伴着马友友。这些统共长达两个半小时的作品传达了人类所有的胜利、喜悦与忧愁，这些个作品也成为了著名大提琴家们的钟爱之选。马友友的第一张巴赫大提琴组曲全系列专辑为他在1984年赢取了一座格莱美奖，1997年，他发行了另一套与建筑师、溜冰员及歌舞伎合作的专辑。现在，巴赫大提琴组曲的第三次录音已经开始发行，马友友将这次的专辑命名为：《六次进化——巴赫大提琴组曲》。 Six Evolutions – Bach: Cello Suites What could Ma be looking for in Bach's Suites now that he's reached his 60s?'You go for content,' Ma tells NPR's Mary Louise Kelly in an interview held in front of Tiny Desk attendees immediately following his performance. 'You try and transcend technique to get to what you think is there. Instead of saying, 'Here are these notes and this is difficult and I'm going to try and nail it,' you try to express it.' 年过花甲的马友友究竟在巴赫的大提琴组曲中寻觅着什么呢？“寻求一种满足”，“小桌子音乐会”开始之前，马友友在接受美国国家公共电台记者玛丽·路易丝·凯利的采访中说到，“我尝试超越技术的桎梏去寻找更多我所追求的东西，而不是仅仅说‘你看呐，这些音符有多么难以演奏，但我还是要努力去搞定它们’。我们应该要去表达音乐隐藏的内涵。”  The most expressive music Ma played during his all-Bach Tiny Desk was the 'Sarabande' from the Suite No. 6. It's music that both soothes and celebrates, and Ma says he's played it in wildly divergent settings. 'I've played this piece at both friends' weddings and, unfortunately, also at their memorial services.' 在所有马友友“小桌子音乐会”的演奏曲目中，第六组曲里的《萨拉班德舞曲》最令人动容，这首曲子既能抚慰人心，又能让人欢庆。马友友说，他在许多不同的场合演奏过这首曲子——“在朋友们的婚礼上，还有，很不幸，在他们的追思仪式上也演奏过。” Ma, always curious, says that in returning to Bach he's also after perspective. 'If you look at a statue from a different angle you'll see a different view,' he explains. 'I feel that's exactly what a musician, or a scientist — and I think of Bach as a scientist-musician — and what a news organization could do to bring all of the different perspectives of a globe together so we can actually make better decisions.' 马友友一直以来都保有一颗好奇心，他说当他再次回归到巴赫的作品时，他收获了新的观念：“如果你以不同的角度去欣赏一座雕塑你会看到不同的东西，我想这就是音乐家、科学家。当然我认为巴赫是一名音乐科学家以及新闻社所该做的事——将全球不同的观念汇集在一起，以便我们可以做出更好的决定。”  One decision Ma has made, in conjunction with his new album, is to take the Suites on a two-year, worldwide tour, offering himself yet another set of adventures with the music that seems to soundtrack his life. 'We go through these different evolutions,' Ma says. 'Each time you go through an evolution you're using all of what you learned from a previous evolution and applying it to your present state. So it's an additive thing, and I think that's what culture does.' 为配合新专辑的发行，马友友策划了一个为期两年的世界巡演计划，他希望这个计划能带给他以及这部就像追踪了他生命轨迹一般的作品一次崭新的冒险。“我们一起经历这些不同的‘进化’。当我每走进一次进化的历程，我都会在这次的经历中运用从上一次进化里所学到的一切，所以这就是加法，我们的文明所给我们做的加法。” Bach's suites have undoubtedly played an important role in Ma's own evolutions. 'Music,' he said, 'actually was invented, as all of culture was invented — by us — to help all of us figure out who we are.' 在马友友个人的“进化”中，巴赫的大提琴组曲无疑有着至关重要的影响。马友友说：“音乐是被发明的，就像所有的文明都是被发明的那样。音乐是被我们发明出来的，以此来帮助我们寻找这样一个答案——我们是谁。” |
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