 Ｆ face 1. be faced with 面临。如： They are all faced with the same problem. 他们都面临同样的问题。 2. face the music 承当后果。如： You’ve been caught cheating ---- now you must face the music. 你的骗局被戳穿了，现在你得自食其果了。 3. face to face (with) 面对面，面临，当面。如： He stood face to face with her. 他与她面对面站着。 He came face to face with death. 他面临死亡。 4. in (the) face of (1) 面对。如： He showed great bravery in face of danger. 在危险面前他表现出非常勇敢。 (2) 尽管，不顾。如： He succeeded in the face of great difficulties. 尽管有巨大困难，但他还是成功了。 5. lose face 丢面了。如： He lost face with his friends. 他在朋友面前丢了面子。 6. make a face (at) 皱眉头， 做苦相， 做鬼脸。如： He made a face when he saw the pile of work. 看到一大堆活，他皱起了眉头。 注：有时 face 可用复数。如： The children made faces at one another. 孩子们相互做鬼脸。 7. pull [wear] a long face愁眉苦脸的样子， 板着面孔。如： She pulled a long face when she heard that. 他听到这话之后， 显示出一副不高兴的样子。 8. save face 保全面子。如： She kept silent about that in order to save face. 为了保全面子，她对那事只字未提。 fact 1. in fact / as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上。如： He doesn’t mind. In fact, he is very pleased. 他不介意，实际上他很高兴。 A：You must have spoken to him today. 你今天一定给他谈过了吧。 B：As a matter of face, I haven’t. 恰恰还没有。 2. The fact is that… 事实是……。如： The fact is that he has not enough money. 事实是他没有足够的钱。 注：该结构在口语中也可用以下形式： The fact is, he has not enough money. Fact is that he has not enough money. Fact is, he has not enough money. 3. the fact that-clause ……的事实。如： The fact that he had no girl-friends worried him a lot. 他没有妇朋友，这事使他非常不安。 The judge paid not attention to the fact that she had just lost her husband. 法官根本不理会她刚刚失掉丈夫这一事实。 fail 1. fail in sth 在做某事中失败。如： He failed in business. 他经商失败。 I passed in maths but failed in French. 我数学及格，但法语未能及格。 注：如果指在考试中失败(即不及格)，通常可以不用 in。如： He failed (in) the maths test. 他数学测验没及格。 2. fail to do sth 未能做某事。如： Doctors failed to save her life. 医生没能挽救她的命。 He never fails to write to his mother every week. 他每周都给他母亲写信。 familiar 1. be familiar to sb 为某人所熟悉。如： His name is familiar to many people. 他的名字许多人熟悉。 These tales are familiar to Chinese children. 这些故事对中国小孩而言是听惯了的。 2. be familiar with sth (sb) (1) 熟悉或精通某事物。如： He is familiar with English. 他精通英语。 We are familiar with his character. 我们了解他的性格。 比较： We are familiar with the saying. 我们熟悉这条格言。 The saying is familiar to us. 这条格言我们熟悉。 (2) 与某人关系友好。如： He’s familiar with his boss. 他与他的老板关系很友好。 She greeted them by their first names in a familiar way. 她与他们打招呼时亲切地直呼其名。 (3) 与某人关系过分友好(冒失)。如： The man is too familiar with my wife. 这个人对我妻子太随便(太放肆)。 famous 1. be famous as 作为……而出名。如： He is rather famous as a writer. 他是一位著名作家。 Virginia is famous as the birthplace of several US presidents. 弗吉尼亚作为一个出了几位美国总统地方是很有名的。 2. be famous for 因为……而出名。如： This place is famous for its scenery. 这个地方以风景出名。 France is famous for its wine. 法国因为其葡萄酒而出名。 far 1. as far as (1) 与……一样远，一直到…… We walked as far as the river. 我们一直走到河边。 We didn’t go as [so] far as the others. 我们走得不如其他人远。 (2) 就……而言，从……来看，尽……所能，只要。如： There are no mistakes as far as I can see. 在我看来没有什么错。 We will help you as far as is possible. 我们会尽可能帮你。 2. by far (1) …… 得多。如： He is cleverer by far than her. 他比她聪明得多。 It’s quicker by far to go by train. 坐火车去要快得多。 注：与比较级连用，通常要放在比较级之后，若放在比较级前，则比较级通常应带有冠词。如： He is by far the cleverer than her. It’s by far the quicker to go by train. (2) 最最。如： He is by far the tallest among us. 他是我们当中最高的。 She is the best teacher by far. 她是最最好的老师。 This is by the best news for a long time. 这是很久以来最最好的消息。 注：与最高级连用，可放在最高级之前或之后。 3. far from (1) 离……远。如： Our school is far from the railway station. 我们学校离火车站很远。 Your birthday is not far from mine. 你的生日和我的生日相隔不远。 (2) 远远不，完全不，不但不。如： He is far from a fool. 他决不是笨蛋。 His work is far from (being) satisfactory. 他的工作丝毫不令人满意。 Far from being kind, he was most cruel. 他非但不善良，相反却很残忍。 4. how far (1) 多远。如： How far is it from the factory to the station? 从工厂去车站有多远? (2) 到多大程度。如： How far was this true? 这事有多大程度的真实性? 5. so far (1) 到目前为止。如： So far the work has been easy but things may change. 到目前为止，这工作很容易，但情况可能有变化。 We agreed to meet here but so far he hasn’t turned up yet. 我们讲好在这里见面的，但到目前为止他还没有来。 注：用于此义时通常与现在完成时连用。 (2) 到这种程度或范围。如： I can only help him so far. 我只能帮他到这种程度。 注：用于此义时，可根据情况选用时态。 fault 1. at fault 有错，有责任，有毛病。如： My memory was at fault. 我记错了。 She was not at fault; don’t blame her. 她没有责任，不要责怪她。 2. be one’s fault 是某人的错。如： I’m really sorry --- it’s all my fault. 实在对不起，这完全是我的错。 He lost his job, but it was his own fault for telling lies. 他丢了工作，但那是因为他自己说谎的错。 3. find fault (with sb) 找(某人的)错。如： Why do you find fault so much? 你为什么老是抱怨? He is always finding fault with me. 他老是挑我的毛病。 favo(u)r 1. do sb a favour / do a favour for sb 帮助某人。如 ： Will you do me a favor? 请帮个忙好吗? He is always ready to do a favour for his classmates. 他总是乐于帮助同学。 注：以下各句均可表示“劳驾请把窗户打开”： Do me a favour and open the window. Do me a favour by opening the window. Do me a favour ---- open the window, please. Do me the favour to open the window. Do me the favour of opening the window. 2. in favour of 赞成，主张。如： Are you in favour of stopping now? 你赞成现在就停止吗? I spoke in favour of the motion. 我发言支持这个提议。 3. in one’s favour 对某人有利。如： The decision went in his favour. 这一判决对他有利。 All the comments are in your favour. 所有的评论都对你有利。 fear 1. fear for sb (sth) 为某人(某事物)担心。如： They feared for the lost child. 他们为丢失的孩子担心。 He feared for his son’s safety. 他为他儿子的安全担心。 比较： We all fear him. 我们都怕他。 We all fear for him. 我们都为他担心。 2. fear to do [doing] sth 害怕做某事。如： Women fear to go out at night. 妇女害怕晚上出去。 He fears telling her what happened. 他害怕告诉她所发生的事情。 3. for fear of 由于怕……，以防……。如： He left an hour early for fear of missing the train. 他提前一小时离开，以免错过火车。 4. in fear of 害怕……，担心……。如： We’re in fear of more snow. 我们担心会再下雪。 The thief passed the day in fear of discovery. 这个小偷整天提心掉胆担心会被发现。 feed 1. feed on sth 吃……。如： Sheep feed mostly on grass. 羊以草为主食。 Foxes feed on small animals. 狐狸以小动物为食。 2. feed sb on sth 用某物喂某人。如： He fed the horse on potatoes. 他给马喂土豆。 She feeds the child on cow’s milk. 她用牛奶喂小孩。 注：该结构中的介词 on 通常不宜省略，即 feed 通常不带双宾语，但在现代英语中，偶尔也可用于双宾语句型，学生宜慎用。 3. feed sth to sb 喂某物给某人。如： We feed meat to our dog. 我们喂肉给狗吃。 Please feed some grass to the cow. 请给牛喂点草。 feel 1. feel for sb 同情某人。如： We really felt for her when her husband died. 她丈夫死了，我们十分同情她。 比较：She is feeling the baby. 他在摸这婴儿。 2. feel for sth 摸着找某物。如： The man felt in the dark for the switch. 这个人在黑暗中摸索寻找开关。 比较：The doctor first felt my pulse. 医生先摸了我的脉。 3. feel like (doing) sth (1) 感到想要(做某事)。如： I don’t feel like going to the movies. 我不想去看电影。 Do you feel like (having) a drink? 要喝一杯吗? (2) 摸起来好像。如： It feels like silk. 这东西摸起来像丝绸。 The material feels like velvet. 这料子摸起来像丝绒。 (3) (感到)像是……的样子。如： It feels like rain (snow). 像是要下雨(雪)的样子。 I feel like catching a cold. 我像是感冒了。 4. feel oneself 觉得身体情况正常。如： I don’t feel like myself today. 我今天感到不太舒服。 有时可省略介词 like。如： He isn’t feeling himself this morning. 今天早上他感到不太舒服。 5. feel sb (sth) to be 认为或觉得某人(某事物)是……。如： He felt them to be right. 他认为他们是对的。 They all felt the plan to be unwise. 他们都认为这个计划不明智。 注：该结构常可与带宾语从句的句子转换。如以上两句也说成： He felt that they were right. They all felt that the plan was unwise. 6. feel sth (sb) do [doing] sth 感觉某人(某事物)在做某事。如： We all felt the house shake [shaking]. 我们都感觉这房子在震动。 I felt something crawl [crawling] up my arm. 我觉得有什么东西顺着我的胳膊向上爬。 注：该结构中用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带 to, 但是下面各句中不定式带了 to, 情况有所不同(用作目的状语)： He felt the coat to see if it was wet. 他摸了一下衣服，看它是否湿了。 7. feel sth (sb) done 感觉某事物(某人)被……。如： I felt myself lifted up. 我感到自己被举起来。 He felt a great weight taken off his mind. 他感到去掉了一件大心事。 fetch 1. fetch sb sth / fetch sth for sb 为某人去拿某物。如： Go upstairs and fetch me my glasses, will you? 去上楼把我的眼镜拿来，好吗? Fetch me the dictionary. / Fetch the dictionary for me. 给我把那本字典拿来。 2. fetch sb (sth) from 从……把某人(某物)拿来或接来。如： It’s time to fetch the children from school. 是把孩子们从学校接回来的时候了。 He fetched a globe from the living room. 他到起居室拿来了地球仪。 few 1. a few 几个。如： I have a few friends besides you. 除你外我还有几个朋友。 His theory is very difficult, and few people understand it. 他的理论很深奥，没几个人能懂。 比较： I have few friends except you. 除你外我几乎没有朋友。 His theory is very difficult, but a few people understand it. 他的理论很深奥，但还是有些人能懂。 2. not a few 不少，相当多，好些。如： Not a few of the members were absent. 不少会员未出席。 3. quite a few 相当多，不少。如： He has made quite a few friends. 他交了不少朋友。 Quite a few of us are worried. 我们不少人很着急。 注：quite a few 也可说成 a good few。 4. the few 少数。如： He was among the few who have read the book. 他是少数读过这本书的人之一。 Only the few are likely to enjoy this music. 可能只有少数人欣赏这种音乐。 fight 1. fight with sb (sth) (1) 与某人(某事)斗争(战斗)。如： We fought with the enemy bravely. 我们勇敢地同敌人作战。 注：此时也可用介词 against。如： We fought against the enemy bravely. (2) 用某事物打。如： The children fought with snow-ball. 孩子们打雪战(用雪球打战)。 (3) 与某人一起战斗。如： England fought with France against Germany in World War I. 英国在第一次世界大战与法国一起对德作战。 比较：England fought with [against] France. 英法交战。 2. fight for sth (1) 为某事物而战斗或斗争。如： He died fighting for the country. 他为国战死。 (2) 为得到某物而战斗或斗争。如： They fight for peace. 他们为和平而战。 注：有时用介词 about, over。如： The two dogs fought for [over, about] a bone. 这两条狗为一根骨头争斗。 figure 1. figure sth in 将某事物包括(计算)在内。如： Have you figured in the cost of food for our holiday? 你把咱们度假的食物费用计算在内了吗? 2. figure on (doing) sth 指望或计划(做)某事。如： I’m figuring on (getting) a pay increase. 我指望可以加工资。 You can figure on him to be on time. 你可以指望他准时来。 3. figure sth (sb) out (1) 理解某人，弄明白某事。如： I"ve never been able to figure him out. 我一直不能理解他。 We must figure out how to do it. 我们必须想出做这事的办法。 (2) 演算(计算)出某事物。如： Please figure out the total cost. 请计算出总费用。 It took me hours to figure out these maths problems. 算出这几道数学题花了我几个小时。 fill 1. fill sth (sb) with sth 用某物装满某物(某人)。如： He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。 The thought filled me with pleasure. 这个想法使我内心充 满了快乐。 注：有时用被动形式(有时可视为系表结构)。如： The glass was filled with water. 玻璃杯内装满了水。 2. fill with sth 装满了某物。如： Her eyes filled with tears. 她眼睛里充满了眼泪。 Soon the house (was) filled with people. 不久房子里就坐满了人。 注：有时可与 be filled with 结构互换。如： Soon the house (was) filled with people. 不久房子里就坐满了人。 3. fill in (1) 填充，填写，填满。如： He filled the hole in with earth. 他用土填满了这个洞。 Fill in your name on this check. 在这张支票上填上你的名字。 注：表示填表等，也可用 fill out, fill up 等。如： He filled in [out, up] the form. 他填好了表格。 (2) 代替。如： Mary is ill; can you fill in for her tonight? 玛丽病了，今晚你能替她一下吗? (3) (向某人)提供详情。如： Can you fill me in on what has been happening? 你能把所发生的事原原本本地告诉我吗? 4. fill up (1) 填写。如： Fill up these forms, please. 请填好这几份表。 (2) 填满，装满。如 ： Fill her up, please. 请加满油。(加油站用语) He filled up the gas tank. 他把煤气罐装满了。 find 1. find sb (sth) doing sth 发现某人(某事)正在做某事。如： He found her crying in the corner. 他发现她在角落里哭。 He found the lost child hiding in the cave. 他发现这个丢失的小孩躲在山洞里。 2. find sb (sth) done 发现某人(某事物)被……。如： He found her wallet stolen on the bus. 他发现他钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。 He found the city much changed. 他发现这个城市发生了巨大的变化。 3. find sb (sth) to be 发现某人(某事物)是……。如： We found him to be dishonest. 我们发现他不诚实。 We find the story to be very interesting. 我们发现这个故事很有趣。 注：该结构中的 to be 通常可省略。 4. find sb sth / find sth for sb 为某人找到某事物。如： Please find me my key. / Please find my key for me. 请给我找到我的钥匙。 Can you find me a hotel? / Can you find a hotel for me? 你能为我找家旅馆吗? 比较以下句子： We found him a good teacher. / We found that he was a good teacher. 我们发现他是位好老师。(复合宾语) We found him a good job. / We found a good job for him. 我们为他找了份好工作。(双宾语) 5. find oneself (1) 发现自己(处于某种状态)，不知不觉或突然……。如： Suddenly I found myself face to face with the man. 突然我发现自己面对面跟这个人站在一起。 He returned to England to find himself famous. 他回到英国，发现自己竟出了名。 6. find out 查明，弄清。如： We must find out the truth of the matter. 我们必须查明事实真相。 We must find out where he lives. 我们必须查明他住在什么地方。 fine 1. fine and 很，非常。如： The tree is fine and tall. 这棵树很高。 He ran fine and fast. 他跑得很快。 2. fine sb for (doing) sth 因为(做)某事处某人以罚款。如： The court fined him $800. 法庭罚他800美元。 He was fined 30 pounds for speeding. 他因超速被罚款30英镑。 finish 1. finish (doing) sth 做完某事。如： Have you finished (reading) the book? 这本书你读完了吗? There was a deadly silence after she finished speaking. 她说完话后是一片沉默。 2. finish off [up] (1) 吃完，吃光。如： Let’s finish off the wine. 我们把酒喝了。 The cat will finish up the fish. 猫会把鱼吃完的。 (2) 做完，结束。如： We finish up in Paris. 我们在巴黎结束行程。 She finished off her speech by thanking her sponsors. 她结束演讲前，感谢了赞助她的人。 3. finish with sth (sb) (1) 完成或结束后不再用某人或某物。如： Have you finished with the newspaper? 报纸你看完了吗? Can you wait for a moment? I’ve not finished with Mary. 请稍等一下，我和玛丽还没有完事呢。 注：有时用于以下这样的系表结构： Are you finished with the scissors? 剪刀你用完了吗? (2) 与某人绝交或断绝联系。如： He should finish with such friends. 他应该与那些朋友绝交。 I’ve finished with smoking. 我已戒烟了。 fire 1. catch [take] fire 着火，开始燃烧。如： Cotton catches fire easily. 棉花容易着火。 The house took [caught] fire. 房子着火了。 2. make [start, build] a fire 生火。如： Let’s start [make, build] a fire. 我们生个火吧。 You put up the tent and I’ll start the fire. 你搭帐篷，我来生火。 注：start a fire 有时表示“引起火灾”。如： A cigarette thrown into the woods in dry weather may start a fire. 干燥时将点燃的香烟扔在树林里会引起火灾。 2. on fire 着火。如： The house is on fire. 房子着火了。 Her clothes were on fire. 她的衣服着火了。 3. set fire to sth / set sth on fire 使燃烧，放火烧。如： He set fire to the house. / He set the house on fire. 他放火烧了房子。 first 1. be the first to do sth 是做某事的第一个。如： He was the first (man) to come. 他是第一到的。 Whoever is the first to finish will get a prize. 头一个做完的人得奖。 2. It’s the first time＋that-clause 第一次做某事。如： It’s the first time I’ve come here. 这是我第一次来这儿。 It’s the first time that he has seen an elephant. 这是他第一次见到大象。 注：该句型的从句谓通常用现在完成时态。 3. the first time 第一次(用作连词)。如： He fell in love with her the first time he saw her. 他对她一见钟情。 The first time I flew in a plane I was really nervous. 我第一次坐飞机时真的很紧张。 比较：When I flew in a plane for the first time, I was really nervous. 4. at first 开始，起初。如： I found English very difficult at first. 我开始发现英语很难。 At first I didn’t like him but now I do. 起初我不喜欢他，但现在喜欢了。 比较 first 与 at first：前者强调先生顺序，后者强调前后对照。比较： I’ll have to finish my homework first. 我得先把作业做完。 At first I didn’t want to go, but I soon changed my mind. 我开始不想去，但我很快就改变了主意。 fit 1. be fit for [to do] sth 适合做(做)某事。如： The water is not fit to drink. 这水不适合饮用。 He’s not fit for [to do] the work. 他不适合做这项工作。 注：后接不定式时，若主语与不定式有动宾关系，不定式可用主动式，也可用被动式。如： They are not fit to eat [to be eaten]. 它们不适合食用。 2. fit sb (sth) for sth 使某人(某物)能适合于……。如： The course fits you for the position. 学习这门课程能使你胜任这个职位。 3. fit sth to sth 使某事物与某事物相符合。如： Let me fit my plan to yours. 让我的计划来配合你的计划。 We always fit our deeds to our words. 我们向来说话算数。 fix 1. fix on sb (sth) 选定或确定某人(某事物)。如： We fixed on Bill as the new chairman. 我们决定让比尔当新的主席。 Have you fixed on the date for the meeting? 你们确定了开会的时间吗? 注：有时可后接动名词。如： We have fixed on starting tomorrow. 我们决定明天出发。 2. fix to do sth 决定做某事。如： He is fixing to study abroad. 他决定出国留学。 We have fixed to return home. 我们决定返回家。 注：有时不定式前或带有疑问词。如： We haven’t fixed where to stay. 我们还没决定住什么地方。 Have you fixed who (is) to lead? 你们决定了谁做领导吗? 3. fix sb up with sth 为某人安排或提供某事或某物。如： I’ll fix you up with a place to stay. 我来给你安排住处。 Can you fix me up with a job? 你能为我安排一个工作吗? 4. fix sth on [upon] sth 把某物集中于某物。如： He fixed his eyes on the picture on the wall. 他的眼睛盯着墙上的画。 He fixed his thoughts [attention] on his work. 他全神贯注地工作。 5. fix up 决定，安排。如： Let’s fix up a time for the party. 我们给聚会订个时间吧。 We haven’t fixed up the date of her visit yet. 她访问的日期我们还没有作出决定。 注：该用法中的副词 up 常可省略。 flood 1. a flood of 大量的。如： What a flood of rain! 好大的雨啊! A flood of letters came. 收到了大量的信件。 2. in flood (洪水)泛滥。如： The river is in flood. 河水泛滥。 follow 1. as follows 如下。如： The rules are as follows. 规则如下。 His explanation is as follows. 他的解释如下。 2. be followed by 跟在……之后。如： In English the letter Q is always followed by a U. 英语中的字母 Q 后总要跟一个字母 U。 The lightning was quickly followed by heavy thunder. 闪电过后紧接着是响雷。 3. follow one’s example 仿效某人的做法。如： He followed his sister’s example and went to college. 他效仿他的姐姐也进了大学。 I don’t want you to follow my example and rush into marriage. 我希望你不要效法我，也仓促结婚。 fond 1. be fond of sb (sth) 喜欢某人(某事物)。如： He is very fond of Chinses food. 他很喜欢吃中国菜。 Tell me whether he is fond of you. 告诉我他是否喜欢你。 2. be fond of doing sth 喜欢做某事。如： He is very fond of playing the piano. 他很喜欢弹钢琴。 She is fond of going to the cinema. 她喜欢看电影。 fool 1. be fool enough to do sth (某人)做某事真是很蠢。如： He was fool enough to believe her. 他真笨，竟然去相信她的话。 2. make a fool of sb 欺骗或愚弄某人。如： Don’t make a fool of the old lady. 不要捉弄这位老太婆。 We were all made fools of by the door-to-door salesman. 我们全给上门的推销员哄骗了。 3. make a fool of oneself 出洋相，出丑。如： Sorry I made such a fool of myselflast night. I musthave been drunk. 对不起，我昨晚真是出丑了，我一定是喝醉了。 foolish 1. It’s foolish of sb to do sth 某人做某事是愚蠢的。如： It’s foolish of you to believe her. 你相信她真是太蠢了。 It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说出那样的话来，真是太蠢了。 注：该句型也可转换为： She was foolish to say such a thing. You are foolish to believe her. foot 1. at the foot of (1) 在……的脚下。如： At the foot of the mountain there was an inn. 山脚下有家客栈。 (2) 在……的尾端。如： Spare blankets lay at the foot of each bed. 每张床的床尾都放有备用毛毯。 2. on foot 步行。如： We went to the station on foot. 我们步行去车站。 Do you go to school on foot or by bike? 你上学是步行还是骑自行车? 3. to one’s feet ……起来。如： Hearing the news he rose (jumped) to his feet. 听到这消息，他站(跳)了起来。 He came over and brought the old man to his feet. 他走过来把老人扶了起来。 forbid 1. forbid sb sth 禁止或不准某人使用某物或进入某处。如： His wife forbids him wine. 他老婆不准他喝酒。 We forbid him the house. 我们不准他进屋。 2. forbid doing sth 禁止或不准做某事。如： We forbid smoking in the office. 本办公室内不准吸烟。 I forbid him [his] going there again. 我不准他再去那儿。 注：forbid 一般不直接跟不定式作宾语。 3. forbid sb to do sth 禁止或不准某人做某事。如： I forbid him to go there again. 我不准他再去那儿。 The teacher forbids the students to read such books. 老师不准学生看那样的书。 注：通常不说 forbid sb from doing sth, 尽管现代英语已有此用法，但很多词书反对这一用法，中学生宜慎用。 force 1. force sb to do [into doing] sth 迫使某人做某事。如： They forced her to sign [into signing] the paper. 他们强迫她在文件上签字。 He was forced to leave (into leaving) the country. 他被迫离开这个国家。 2. by force 靠武力，强行。如： The soldiers took the prisoners away by force. 士兵把犯人强行带走了。 The thief took the money from the old man by force. 小偷强行从这位老人身上抢走了钱。 3. by force of sth靠某物，凭借某物。如： The crowd broke open the locked gate by force of numbers. 这群人凭借人多把上锁的大门冲开了。 The hardest things become easy by force of habit. 成了习惯之后，再难的事也变得容易。 forget 1. forget to do sth 忘记去做某事。如： I forgot to post the letter. 我忘记寄信了。 Don’t forget to tell him the news. 别忘告诉他这消息。 2. forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事。如： I forgot telling her the news. 我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。 I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. 我永远不会忘记她唱那首歌的情景。 3. forget about sth (sb) (1) 忘记(做)某事。如： He forgot about the meeting. 他忘了去开会。 They were so busy that they even forgot about their ownmeals. 他们忙得连饭都忘记吃。 (2) 不把某事(某人)放在心上。如： Try to forget about him. 别再想他了。 Let’s forget about our differences. 咱们不要把彼此的分歧放在心上。 forgive 1. forgive sb原谅某人。如： She forgave her husband. 她原谅了她丈夫。 2. forgive sth 原谅某事。如： Please forgive my fault. 请原谅我的过错。 3. forgive doing sth 原谅某了某事。如： Please forgive my interrupting. 请原谅我打扰了。 He forgave her doing that. 他原谅他那样做了。 4. forgive sb for sth 原谅某人某事。如： I’ll never forgive you for what you said to me lastnight. 我永远不会原谅你昨晚对我说的话。 注：有时可省略其中的介词 for。如： Please forgive me (for) my fault. 请原谅我的过错。 5. forgive sb for doing sth 原谅某人做某事。如： Forgive me for interrupting you. 原谅我打扰你。 Please forgive me for coming late. 请原谅我来迟了。 比较： They forgave his being rude. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。 They forgave (him) his rudeness. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。 They forgave him for being rude. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。 fortunate 1. be fortunate in sb (sth) 有某人或某事物是幸运的。如： You’re fortunate in your choice. 你作出这样的选择是幸运的。 You’re fortunate in your teacher. 你很幸运有位好老师。 2. be fortunate (enough) to do sth 很幸运做某事。如： We were fortunate to get there in time. 我们能及时赶到那儿真是幸运。 He’s fortunate (enough) to have good health. 他很幸运有健康的身体。 You’re fortunate (enough) to escape being injured. 你没有受伤真是幸运。 3. be fortunate in doing sth 做某事是幸运的。如： He is fortunate in living to such an advanced age. 他能活到这样的高龄真是幸运。 You’re fortunate in being able to live in the country. 你能住在乡间真是幸运。 注：有时介词 in 可以省略。另外，该结构常可与 be fortunate to do sth 互换。如： He is fortunate to have [in having] a good job. 他很幸运有份好工作。 4. It’s fortunate (for sb) that-clause (某人)……是幸运的。如： It is fortunate (for him) that he has a good wife. 他很幸运有位好妻子。 It was very fortunate for him that I arrived on time. 我按时赶到了，算他走运。 fortune 1. have the (good) fortune to do sth 做某事很幸运。如： I had the fortune to meet him there. 我在那儿见到了他，真是幸运。 I had the good fortune to be invited to the party. 我很幸运被邀请参加了晚会。 He had the good fortune to be free from illness all his life. 他命好，一辈子没生病。 2. make a [one’s] fortune 发财。如： He made his fortune by selling oil. 他靠卖石油发了财。 He made a fortune out of smuggling. 他靠走私发了财。 free 1. be free of [from] sth 摆脱某事物，没有某事物。如： I’m free from work (duty) today. 我今天不上班(值班)。 Most of the roads are now free of snow. 现在大多数路都已没有积雪了。 The city is free of [from] thieves. 这个城市没有盗贼。 2. be free to do sth 可以自由地做某事。如： You are free to go or to stay. 要走要留悉听尊便。 He is free to do what he likes. 他喜欢做什么都可以。 3. be free with sth (sb) 对某物(某人)随便。如： Mr Smith is free with his money. 史密斯先生花钱随便。 Don’t be too free with your parents. 对你父母的态度不能太随便。 friend 1. be friends with sb 与某人友好。如： Mary is friends with Bill. 玛丽与比尔要好。 He is great friends with the boss. 他与老板很要好。 2. keep friends (with sb) (与某人)保持友好关系。如： I think we should keep friends (with her). 我想我们应该(与她)保持友好关系。 3. make friends (with sb) (与某人)交朋友。如： He makes friends easily. 他很容易与人交上朋友。 He’s made friends with her. 他已跟她交上朋友了。 The boy has made friends with the dog. 小男孩已与狗建立了感情。 friendly 1. be friendly to [towards] to sb 对某人友好。如： He is very friendly to [towards] me. 他对我很好。 He is not very friendly to [towards] newcomers. 他对新来的人不太友好。 2. be friendly with sb 与某人要好。如： Bill is friendly with the girl. 比尔与这个女孩很要好。 The children here are quite friendly with one another. 这里的孩子彼此很友爱。 3. It’s friendly of sb (to do sth) 某人(做某事)很友好。如： It’s very friendly of you. 你真好。 It wasn’t very friendly of you to slam the door in his face. 你冲着他摔门太伤和气了。 frighten 1. be frightened of (doing) sth 害怕(某)事。如： Some people are frightened of thunder, others of snakes. 有些人怕打雷，有些人怕蛇。 He was frightened of losing power. 他害怕失去权力。 2. be frightened to do sth 害怕做某事。如： She was frightened to look down from the top of the tall building. 她害怕从高楼项上朝下看。 3. frighten sb into (out of) doing sth 吓唬某人做(不做)某事。如： He frightened the old lady into(out of) signing the paper. 他吓唬老太太，让她在文件上签字(不签字)。 from 1. from ……on 从……起。如： From now on I will study hard. 从现在起我要努力学习了。 From then on he knew he would win. 从那时起他就知道他会赢。 He never spoke to her again from that day on. 从那天以后他再没有同她说过话。 2. from…to… 从……到……。如： I work from Monday to Friday. 我从星期一到星期五上班。 He flew from Beijing to Shanghai. 他坐飞机从北京到上海。 We lived in Paris from 1970 to 1978. 我们自1970到1978年住在巴黎。 比较以下结构(注意名词前不用冠词)： from house to house 挨家挨户 from hand to hand 从一人之手到他人之手 from time to time 不时地 from shop to shop 逐店 from day to day 一天天地 from head to foot 从头至脚，全身 from beginning to end从头至尾 from hand to mouth 赚一点吃一点，仅能糊口 from morning to night 从早到晚 front 1. at the front (of) (1) 在(……的)前部(前面)。如： This dress fastens at the front. 这件衣服在前面扣钮扣。 The engine at the front of the car. 发动机在汽车前部。 (2) 在……的前面。如： He planted some trees at the front of the house. 他在房子前面种了些树。 2. in front of 在……前面(通常指范围之外)。如： There is a tall tree in front of the classroom. 教室前面有棵大树。 The bus stops right in front of our house. 公共汽车正停在我们房前。 3. in the front of 在……的前部或前面(通常指范围之内)。如： The introduction is always in the front of the book. 书的前言总是在书的前面。 The teacher’s desk is in the front of the classroom. 老师的讲桌在教室前面。 full 1. be full of 充满，装满，丰富，老想着。如： The bus was full of students. 公共汽车载满了学生。 Her eyes are full of tears. 她眼泪汪汪。 Thecrops are full of promise. 庄稼丰收在望。 The lake is full of fish. 这湖里鱼很多。 He was full of the news. 他老想着那消息。 2. to the full 充分地。如： He enjoyed life to the full. 他尽情享受人生。 He should be punished to the full. 必须狠狠惩罚他。 fun 1. for fun 为了高兴，为了好玩。如： He’s learning French for fun. 他学习法语是为了好玩。 2. in fun 不是当真的，闹着玩的，开玩笑地。如： I’m not saying it in fun. 我说这话不是开玩笑的。 3. have (there is) fun (in) doing sth 做某事很开心。如： We had fun riding our bicycles to the beach today. 我们今天骑自行车去海滨玩得很开心。 There’s no fun in spending the evening doing nothing. 晚上无事可干，很无聊。 4. make fun of sb 拿某人开玩笑，取笑某人。如： People made fun of her because she wore such strange clothes. 人们取笑她穿那样奇怪的衣服。 future 1. for the future 为将来。如 ： Have you provided for the future? 你为将来作准备没有? 注：有时可表示“以后”、“将来”，但这种用法在现代英语中已很少见。 2. in future 今后，从今以后。如： There is no excuse in future. 下不为例。 In future, be more careful with your money. 今后花钱要更加注意。 3. in the future 将来，未来。如： In the future we may all work fewer hours a day. 在将来我们的工作时间会缩短。 Who can tell what will happen in the future? 谁知道将来会发生什么事? 比较 in future 与 in the future：前者多用于提警告、建议、要求、打算等；而后者多指纯粹的将来，其含义较广。但在现代英语中，两者常可不加区别地混用。 4. in the distant future 在遥远的将来。如： In the distant future people may live on the moon. 在遥远的将来人们可能会生活在月球上。 5. in the near future 在不久的将来。如： We’re hoping to move to Spain in the near future. 我们希望不久能搬到西班牙去。 |
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