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考研英语阅读常见一词多义（ 考研英语阅读常见一词多义（一）
act, appeal, assume, claim, discipline, fair, figure, feature, issue, note
1) Act
n. ①法案, 法令 ②动作, 举动 ③节目, (戏剧的) 幕
v. ①行动, 产生...的效果 ②担当 ③表演, 表现, 见效
(07-01) this success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. （名）行为
这一成功，连同后来证明的记忆本身不是遗传决定的研究，使得埃里克森得出结论，即 记忆过程是一种认知练习，而不是一种本能练习。
(07-04) Regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.（动） （ 行动
如果公司没有提供适当的信息安全保护措施，那么监管人员就会采取行动。
(06-01) this turned shopping into a public and democratic act （名）行为 act.
这使得购物成为一种大众的、民主的行为
(96-02) The commercial TV channels — ITV and Channel 4 — were required by the Thatcher Government's Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. （名）法案
商业电视频道——ITV 和第四频道——应撒切尔政府广播法案 法案的要求进行商业化， 彼此 法案 竞争广告业务，降低成本，裁减员工。
2) Appeal
n. ①请求, 呼吁 ②上诉 ③吸引力 (appealing: 有吸引力的)
v. ①求助, 诉求 ②控诉
(03-03) Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the
process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases. （动）上诉
如果客户感到他们被多收费，他们有权上诉 上诉到联邦政府的“陆路运输局”以争取价格下 上诉 调。但这个过程耗财、耗时，并且只有在真正极端特殊的情况下才有作用。
(99-04) NBAC members also indicated that they would appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer.
（动词）呼吁 动词）
NBAC 的成员明确表示，他们呼吁 呼吁由私人提供资金的研究人员和机构不要试图通过人体 呼吁 细胞核转移去克隆人。
3) Assume /Assumption
v/n: ①假定, 设想 ②采取 ③呈现 ④承担
(05-01) Such behavior is regarded as “all too human” with the underlying assumption , that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. （名）假定，假设 假定，
这种行为被看作是“人之长情”，其潜在的假定 假定其他动物不可能具有如此高度发达的不 假定 公平意识。
(98-02) What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real. （动）认为
商人们自认为 认为的他们所领导的生产力革命是否确有其事，这一点更加难以确定。 认为
(97-02) As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. assumptions,
（名）信念，假定 信念，
同任何发达国家一样， 一系列复杂的文化特征， 信念和习俗构成了美国所有社会交往的 信念 基础。
4) Claim
v/n: ①索赔 ②声称 ③主张
(05-01) If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. （动）宣称
如果你看到一种商品不断地打广告， 我认为这是最可靠的证明， 即此商品一定与其宣传 宣传 名副其实，一定体现良好的价值。
(05-04) Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. （动）主张
同样的，对于诗歌来说，非常个性化和富有表现力的创作风格成为了能够表达 表达真实生动含 表达 义的唯一形式。
(01-05) A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming "I wanted to spend more time with my family".（动）主张 （
一次平调伤了我的自尊心， 并阻断了我的事业发展， 这促使我放弃自己地位较高的职业， 当然， 就像面子扫尽的政府部长那样， 我也掩饰性地声称 “我只想与家人更多的呆在一起” 。 声称
(00-05) In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. （动）声称
然而， 恰恰是那些受过良好教育的人却不可思议地声称 声称他们已经放弃了雄心壮志这一理 声称 想。
(99-01) As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. （名）索赔
尽管个人伤害的索赔 索赔一如既往地继续着， 但有些法庭已开始站到被告一方， 特别是在处 索赔 理那些有警示语也无法避免伤害的案件时。
(99-05) He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are true. （名）主张
他所提出的种种主张 主张是如此不容置疑、如此一致，以至于不仅他自己相信了，而且也说 主张 服了工商界的管理者相信其正确性。
5) Discipline
n.①纪律 ②学科
n/v.训练
(96-03) The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other's strength and understand the value of fair negotiation. （名） 纪律
罢工和封厂的严酷惩罚 惩罚使双方学会了互相尊重对方的力量，理解公正谈判的价值。 惩罚
(96-04) With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline the American boy develops discipline, rapidly into the skilled workman. （名）训练
由于有了学校彻底训练 训练过的头脑，美国孩子迅速地成为技术熟练的工人。 训练
6) Fair
adj. ①(肤色)白皙的 ②(头发)金黄的 ③干净的 ④公平的⑤ (天气)晴朗的
n. 展览会, 市集
(07-03) During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realties. （形容词）公平的 形容词）
在过去的十几年里， 美国那些曾经可以依靠辛勤劳动和公平 公平竞争以维持其收入稳定的中 公平 产阶层家庭被经济风险和新现实改变了。
(03-02) For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals — no meat, no fur, no medicines. （名）集市
例如，在近期的一次集市 集市上，一位老奶奶站在动物权利宣传点前散发小册子，规劝人们 集市 不要使用动物制品和动物实验制品——肉类，毛皮，药物。
7) Feature
n.①特色,特征 ②特写 ③容貌,
v.①是...的特色 ②特写,突出 ③放映 ④起重要作用
(07-02) For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has 特定， featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” （动）特定，突出
在过去的几年，《星期日报》的增刊《漫步》专门开设 专门开设了一个名为“询问玛丽琳”的专 专门开设 栏。
(06-04) Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. （动）特定，突出 特定，
我们的杂志突出刊登 突出刊登满面春风的名人和美满幸福的家庭。 突出刊登
(04-01) It's an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. （名）特点，特征 特点，
它的特点 特点是互动，允许访问者自定求职要求诸如工作地点、职位和薪水，当资料库里出 特点 现与个人要求相匹配的工作岗位时它就会通过电子邮件通知求职者。
(98-05) The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. （名） 特点， 特点，特征
但互相吻合的海岸线和某些似乎跨越海洋的地质特征 特征会使人想到这两个大陆曾经是连 特征 在一起的。
8) Figure
n. ①外形, 轮廓, 体形 ②图形, 画像 ③数字 ④名人, 人物, 身份 ⑤雕像
vt. ①认为 出现, ②考虑, 计算 (figure out figure out)
(07-02) It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers. （动）计算
有些问题连一些最杰出的诗人和哲学家都难以回答， 但是想象物体和计算 计算数字模式的能 计算 力却能使人找出答案，其中原因并不为人所知。
(06-03) Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. （名）数字
Worm 博士承认这些数字 数字还只是保守数字 数字
(05-04)
American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing,
to command the English language with skill and gift. （名）人物
美国人已不再期待公众人物 人物在演讲或写作中能运用技巧和文采来驾驭英语。 人物
(98-04)
As a result, California's growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5
percent — little more than two-thirds the 1960s' growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states. （名）数字
结果，加利福尼亚的人口增长率在 70 年代降到了 18.5％——略高于 60 年代增长数字 数字 的 2/3，但大大低于西部其他各州。
9) Issue
n.①出版, 发行 ②(报刊等)期、号 ③问题,事件 ④(水, 血等的)流出
v.①发行, 流出 ②发行(钞票等), 发布(命令), 出版(书等)
(07-04) “Setting the proper investment level for security, redundancy, and recovery is a management issue not a technical one,” he says. （名）问题 issue,
他表示 “为安全、 备份以及恢复确定适当的投资标准是一个管理问题 不是技术问题。 问题， ” 问题
(06-01)
Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed.
It is big enough to have a bit of everything. （名）问题
在美国是否存在分裂的问题 问题和高涨的愤怒？答案是肯定的，因为这个国家足够大以至于什 问题 么现象都存在。
(99-01)
At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers,
and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. （动）发行，发布 发行，
与此同时，美国法学会——该学会由一群举足轻重的法官、律师、学者所组成——发布 发布 了新的民事侵害法纲要， 宣布公司不必警示顾客那些显而易见的危险， 或者给顾客列出一份 冗长的可能造成的危险的清单。
(94-02) One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued bankcredit card. （动）发行
1.3 亿美国人的手中至少持有一张银行发行的 银行发行的信用卡。 银行发行的
10) Note
n. ①笔记 ②注解, 注释 ③票据 ④纸币 ⑤音符⑥涵义，暗示
v. ①注意到，指出 ②记录
(07-02)
Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal
skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success. （动）注意到，指出 注意到，
Sternberg 指出 指出，传统的测试最恰当地评估了分析能力和语言表达能力，但没有测量创 造性和实际知识，这些也是解决问题和在生活中取得成功的关键因素。
(00-03) But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge（名） （ 注解
但是读到一句描写战斗的诗行的注解 注解时， 则令人有点生厌， 注解中说该诗描写了一名土 注解 耳其军官和一名保加利亚军官在一座桥上发生的搏斗
(00-05) There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.
（名）涵义，暗示 涵义，
这其中有着浓厚的虚伪色彩 恰如马跑后再关上马厩的门那样， 色彩， 受过良好教育的人自己 色彩 正骑在那些马背上。
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