定语从句--（关系代词）
一.TheAttribute(定语):
ThekindsoftheAttribute:
1.Heisanhonestboy.
2.Weloveourcountry.
3.What’syourtelephonenumber?
4.MissGreenwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.
(修饰,限定)
二．ThepositionoftheAttribute:（定语的位置）
1.Thisisaflowerbasket.
2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.
3.ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.
(1.单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面2.短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。)
三.TheAttributiveClause（定语从句）
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。其作用相当于形容词。修饰名词或代词(先行词)。
HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.
先行词：被修饰的名词或代词，在定语从句之前.
关系词（引导词）：引导定语从句，连接主句于从句的词叫做关系词，分关系代词（that,which,who,whose等）和关系副词(when,where,why等)两类。
注意：关系词的选用由先行词在定语从句中所充当的句子成分决定。
四.引导词1:关系代词：which﹑who﹑whom﹑that﹑whose
1.which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。
1)Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.
2)Thefish(which)weboughtwerenotfresh.
2.who,whom从句中分别作主语和宾语,指人。
1MissGreenwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.
2)TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMike
3)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.
3.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人或物。
1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.
2)ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.
3)Let’saskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.
4)ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJim’sister.
4.whose在从句中只作定语,指人或物。“……的”若指物,可与ofwhichthe互换。
1)MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.
2)Thisisthebookwhose(ofwhichthe)coverisblue.
五．Revision1theusageoftherelativepronoun
关系代词 指代 定语从句中所充当的成分 人 物 主语 宾语 ?who
? ? ? ?
?
? ?whom
?
? ? ? ?
? ?which
? ? ? ? ? ? ?that
? ? ? ? ? ? whose
? ? ? ? ? 六．解题技巧。
定语从句引导词的选择，取决于先行词在定语从句中的位置、成分。
.用适当的关系代词完成句子。
1.A?child?______?parents?are?dead?is?called?an?orphan(孤儿)?.?
A.?who???B.?who’s????C.?whose???D.??which?
2.燙arol爏aid爐he爓ork爓ould燽e燿one燽y燨ctober,燺__personally營燿oubt爒ery?much.牋
A.爄t?牋B.爐hat?燙.爓hen?牋D.爓hich?
3.燭he燿oor爄n爋ur爂arden,?______?my?father?built?many?years?ago,?has?lasted?for?a?long?time.?????
?A.?that???B.?which???C.?what???D.?where?
4.?There’s?still?much?______?can?be?improved?about?it.
?A.?which???B.?that???C.?/????D.?what?
5.?Mr.?Johnson’s?son,?______?lives?in?Chicago,is?a?doctor.?
A.?who???B.?whom???C.?that???D.?which?
Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词thatwhichwhowhom填空。
1.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.
2.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewest.
3.Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.
4.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.
5.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow
七．考点一:that与which的区别
只用that的情况:
1.先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词.
2.先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时。
1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.
A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whetherA
2.Isthereanythingelse_____yourequire?
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what
3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时。
4.先行词为人和物的组合。
4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.B
A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom
5.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词用that。
7.Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.itA
考点二:that与who的区别
在one,anyone,those指人时一般用“who”。he/she/I/they作先行词时,用“who”代替“that”.
Anyone_____breaksthelawispunished.
Those_____breakthelawarepunished.
He_____breaksthelawispunished.
|
|
