绝密★启用前2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)英语(考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分)考生务必将答案答在答题卡上
，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题：
每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号
内所给词的正确形式填空。AOnthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade，Istoodbythe
doorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I1(voice)mybiggestconcer
ntomymother.“HowwillImakefriends?”Shehandedmeadvice.
“Beyourself.”Forthepast20years.Ihavelivedbythesewords
.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervous
ly2(face)challenges.IknowIwillwhisperto3(I)thetwosi
mplewords“Beyourself”.BEarthDay，4(mark)on22April，isan
annualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmental
protection.Firstcelebrated51970，theDaynowincludesevents
inmorethan190countriesandregions(地区).Nomatterwhatyouli
ketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious6(activity)o
nEarthDay.Youcanplantatree，makeamealwithlocallygrown
vegetables，orsavepower—thepossibilitiesareendless.CDoesth
enameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?Researchonthequ
estion7(suggest)that，formoststudents，itdoesn''t.Whatstudent
sdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan8theygo.Thestu
dentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9aretotallyengag
ed(参与)inacademiclife.takingfulladvantageofthecollege’sch
ancesandresources(资源)，Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudeto
wardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,and
it’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthy
and10(meaning)collegeexperience.第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Regardlesso
ftheweatherorthedistance,PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-inc
omestudentsinhisneighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclasses
ontime.Aretiredengineer,76-year-oldWilsonhasbeen11free
ridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.Sincehefir
ststarted12hiscartotheyoungpeople.Wilsonhas13amaston
ishing64,000miles,andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhu
morous14withthestudentshetransportstoandfromschool.The
studentswhohe''s15havegoneontobecomephysicians,teachers
andengineers,butwhatthey''vealsogotoutoftheirtimeinsc
hoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.Somestudent
s16callhim“Grandpa”.TinaStern17ridesfromWilsonforall
herfouryearsincollege,andthetripsmeantmuchmoretohert
hanjustfree18."It''snotjustaride;you''renotjustsitting
therein19silenceorwithyourheadphoneson.”Sternsaid.“He
asksyouquestionsandactually20theanswers,sothenexttime
youridewithhim,he''ll21thosethings."Wilsonfirstworkedas
adriverthroughastudent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profito
rganisation.OnPointforCollege.Althoughthe22asksthemembe
rsonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheirclasses,Wilsonoften
goes23toensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.Ifthe
yhaveproblemswithregistration.Wilsonisthereto24them.If
theyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities.Wilsonwilldriveto
theneareststoreandpurchasewhat''sneeded.Ifastudentgetsh
ungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool,Wilsonnever25tob
uythemameal.Formanystudents,Wilson''shelpisnotonlyappr
eciated,it''salsoentirely26forthemtobeabletocompleteth
eircollegeeducation.Somestudentsdon''thaveareliablecar,w
hileothershaveto27vehicleswithparentswhoworksixdaysa
week.Forthem,ridingwithWilsonhas28themtocompletetheir
education—butaccordingtoWilson,hebenefitsjustasmuchfro
mthe29.“IjustlovedrivingandIlovethesekids,"Wilsonsa
id."It''ssucha(n)30tobeapartofthesekids’lives,evenju
stforafewhours,gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstorie
s."11.A.linkingB.sendingC.offeringD.distributing12.A.
donatingB.lendingC.deliveringD.volunteering13.A.pavedB.
coveredC.measuredD.wandered14.A.argumentsB.interviewsC
.negotiationsD.wandered15.A.metB.drivenC.addressedD.c
onversations16.A.evenB.everC.onceD.already17.A.earned
B.receivedC.assessedD.demanded18.A.transportationB.sty
leC.timeD.communication19.A.forcedB.awkwardC.ridiculou
sD.suspicious20.A.selectsB.recitesC.guessesD.remembers
21.A.actonB.settleonC.checkonD.agreeon22.A.clubB
.leagueC.collegeD.programme23.A.farB.aroundC.beyondD
.forwards24.A.assistB.watchC.urgeD.warm25.A.expects
B.attemptsC.managesD.hesitates26.A.extraB.unusualC.ne
cessaryD.adequate27.A.shareB.fuelC.repairD.exchange28
.A.requiredB.allowedC.remindedD.convinced29.A.experien
ceB.arrangementC.appreciationD.employment30.A.effortB.
ambitionC.privilegeD.convenience第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共15小
题;每小题2分，共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWan
ttoexplorenewcultures，meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthw
hileatthesametime?YoucandoallthethreewithGlobalDevel
opmentAssociation(GDA).Whateverstageoflifeyou''reat，wherever
yougoandwhateverprojectyoudoinGDA，you''llcreatepositive
changesinapoorandremotecommunity(社区).Weworkwithvolunte
ersofallagesandbackgrounds.Mostofourvolunteersareaged
17-24.Nowweneedvolunteermanagersaged25-75.Theyareextremel
yimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.
Wehavesuchrolesasprojectmanagers，mountainleaders，andcommu
nicationofficers.Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose，youcouldh
elptoincreaseacommunity''saccesstosafedrinkingwater，orhe
lptoprotectvaluablelocalcultures.Youmightalsodesignana
dventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.Notonlywillyouh
elpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally，you''llalsolearn
newskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.Youmayhavecha
ncestomeetnewpeoplewho''llbecomeyourlifelongfriends.This
summerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes：CountrySchedul
e4-weekprogrammes7-weekprogrammesAlgeria5Jul.-1Aug.20Jun.-
7Aug.Egypt24Jul-20Aug.19Jun.-6Aug.Kenya20Jul.-16Aug.18Jun.
-5Aug.SouthAfrica2Aug.-29Aug.15Jun.-2Aug.GDAensuresthatv
olunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartners
whereourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedev
elopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.Thereisnootherchance
likeaGDAprogramme.Joinusasavolunteermanagertodevelop
yourownskillswhilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.Find
outmoreaboutjoiningaGDAprogramme:Website:www.glodeve.orgE
mail:humanresources@glodeve.org31.Whatisthemainresponsibilit
yofvolunteermanagers?A.ToseeklocalpartnersB.Totakein
youngvolunteersC.TocarryoutprogrammesD.Tofostercultural
awareness32.TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwilloperatein
A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.SouthAfria33.Thesharedgoalof
GDA’sprojectstoA.explorenewculturesB.protecttheenviron
mentC.gaincorporatebenefitD.helpcommunitiesinneedBAlice
Mooreisateenagerentrepreneur(创业者),whoinMay2015setuphe
rbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13，hercompanywaswor
thmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionofasuper-sweettreat
thatcouldsavekids''teeth，insteadofdestroyingthem.Itallbe
ganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewa
sofferedacandybar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugary
treatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissingout
oncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,"Whycan''tI
makeahealthycandythat''sgoodformyteethsothatmyparents
can''tsaynotoit?"Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadifs
hecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedo
someresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandyw
ouldcontain.Withherdad''spermission,shespentthenexttwoy
earsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipetha
twasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentists
tolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.Consequently,shesucceeded
inmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichca
nreduceoralbacteria.Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbu
sinessoftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredthei
rfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyag
reedtosellMoore''sproduct-Cancandy.AsCanCandy''ssuccessgrow
s,sodoesMoore''scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreis
enthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe''salsopositive
aboutwhatthefuturemightbring.Shehopesthateverykidcan
haveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.Meanwhile,withherparents
''help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.Al
thoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn''tdrive
nprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohe
lpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilicCandy''sprof
itstoBigSmiles.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappears
thattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.34.HowdidMoor
ereacttoherdad''swarning?A.Shearguedwithhim.B.Shetrie
dtofindawayout.C.Shepaidnoattention.D.Shechosetoco
nsultdentists.35.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?A.Itisbene
ficialtodentalhealth.B.Itisfreeofsweeteners.C.Itissw
eeterthanothercandies.D.Itisproducedtoadentists''recipe
.36.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?A.Toearnmorem
oney.B.Tohelpothersfindsmiles.C.Tomakeherselfstandout
.D.Tobeatothercandycompanies.37.WhatcanwelearnfromAl
iceMoore''sstory?A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.B.Ayo
uthistoberegardedwithrespect.C.Positivethinkingandacti
onresultinsuccess.D.Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiress
atisfiedCTheproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanyp
eoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon''tknow.B
ynextyear，halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams(欺诈).Weare
finallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinga
nddevelopingagroupoftools，appsandapproachesintendedtopr
eventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately，it''stoolittl
e，toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions"(解决方案)becomewidelyavai
lable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearf
uture，it''snotjustgoingtobethenumberyouseeonyourscreen
thatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthev
oiceyou''rehearingisactuallyreal.That''sbecausetherearea
numberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation(处理)andautomationtechn
ologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetou
se.Atthisyear''sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicet
echnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman–soundingvoice
thatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservati
onwithoutdetection.Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourc
urrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatroboca
llsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecisionAde
cadeofdatabreaches(数据侵入)ofpersonalinformationhasledtoas
ituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother''sname，and
farmore.Armedwiththisknowledge.they''reabletocarryouti
ndividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans.fore
xample，thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafami
liarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylik
eyourbankteller''s，rickingyouinto"confirming"youraddress
，mother''sname，andcardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney，socompanie
swillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthe
phone，andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationship
s.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthatgradually.We
needtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Ph
onecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysof
determiningandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneithe
rdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhe
nandwhotheyweremadeby.orabandoningphonecallsaltogether
andmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunications—usingappslikeFac
eTimeorWhatsApp,whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.Credibili
tyishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoin
gtoharderfromhereonout.38.Howdoestheauthorfeelabout
thesolutionstoproblemofrobecalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused.
C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.39.takingadvantageofthenew
technologies，scammercan______.A.aimatvictimspreciselyB.da
magedatabaseseasilyC.startcampaignsrapidlyD.spreadinform
ationwidely40.Whatdoesthepassageimply?A.Honestyistheb
estpolicy.B.Technologiescanbedouble-edited.C.Therearemo
resolutionsthanproblems.D.Credibilityholdsthekeytodevel
opment.41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforth
epassage?A.WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRootedB.WhoIs
toBlamefortheProblemofRoboeallsC.WhyRobocallsAreAbout
toGetMoreDangerousD.HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldof
TechnologyDBytheendofthecentury，ifnotsooner，theworld''s
oceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate，acc
ordingtoanewstudy.Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinyma
rinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewa
ylightreflectsofftheorganisms，thesephytoplanktoncreatecol
ourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgr
eentoblue，dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplank
ton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsome
areas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesinthe
ocean''sappearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface，wher
etheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffo
xygen.Whentheseorganismsdie，theyburycarboninthedeepocea
n，animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.
Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean''swarmingtrend.W
armingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectph
ytoplanktongrowth，sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbond
ioxidetogrow，butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz，ascienti
stinMIT''sCenterforGlobalChangeScience，builtaclimatemode
lthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.In
aworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothe
colouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurren
tlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.
Butinsomewaters，suchasthoseoftheArctic，awarmingwillma
keconditionsriperforphytoplankton，andtheseareaswillturng
reener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheocea
nchanging.”shesaid，“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.
”42.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Thevar
iouspatternsattheoceansurface.B.Thecauseofthechangesi
noceancolour.C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D
.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.43.Whatdoes
theunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?A.S
ensitive.B.BeneficialC.SignificantD.Unnoticeable44.Whatc
anwelearnfromthepassage?A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningr
oleinthemarineecosystem.B.Dutkiewicz''smodelaimstoprojec
tphytoplanktonchangesC.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontro
lglobalclimateD.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargre
ener.45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toassesst
heconsequencesofoceancolourchangesB.Toanalysethecomposi
tionoftheoceanfoodchainC.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimate
changeonoceansD.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplan
kton第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
为多余选项。Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inte
ams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamisto
gatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.46Companiessp
endmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspen
t?47Theyfocusedonfootball，basketballandbaseball.Theresul
tsaremixedForfootballandbasketball，addingtalentedplayers
toateamprovesagoodmethod，butonlyuptothepointwhere70%
oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperfo
rmancebeginstodecline.Interestingly，thistrendisn’tevident
inbaseball.whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingt
heteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon，theresearchers
exploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequir
esitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.48Inbaseball，the
performanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates
.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh，teamperfo
rmancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent，whileindividual
talentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentask
interdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris.forexample，tr
yingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal，hemaytakeashothimse
lfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate，affecti
ngtheteam''sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteams
portsareoftentold，“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”49Anotherpossibil
ityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam，someplayers
maymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whene
verapersonisadded，everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforc
e.50.AnA-teammayrequireabalance-notjustAplayers，butaf
ewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It''snotasimplemattertodet
erminethenatureoftalent.B.Sportsteamownersspendmillions
ofdollarsattractingtoptalentC.Thegroupinteractionandit
seffectdrewtheresearchers''attention.D.Starsapparentlydo
notfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrece
ntstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Bu
ildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebes
ttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfro
mfootballandbasketball.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)第一节(15分)假设你是红星中学高
三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.交通出行
;2.必备衣物。注意：1.词数不少于50;2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。DearJim，__________
_________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________Yours,LiHua(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内
)第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先
后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：西瓜watermelon(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区
域内)2019年高考(北京卷)英语答案第一部分知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共1
5分)1.voiced2.facing3.myself4.marked5.in6.activities7
.suggests/suggested/hassuggested8.where9.who/that10.meaningful第二部分阅读理解11.C12.D13.B14.D15.B16.A17.B18.A19.B20.D21.C22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.C第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)31.C32.D33.D34.B35.A36.B37.C38.D39.A40.B41.C42.B43.A44.D45.C第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)46.B47.E48.G49.D50.F第三部分书面表达(共两节，35分)第一节(15分)Onepossibleversion:DearJim,I’mpleasedthatyou’recomingtotourinChina.IsuggestthatyoubeginfromBeijing,andI’llshowyouaround.Tianjinwillbeyournextstop.Afterthat,youcangotoShanghai,whereyoucanstayforaweek.Youcantakehigh-speedtrainstobothcities.Summerinthesecitiesishotandrainy,sotakesummerwearplusanumbrellawithyou.Lookingforwardtoyourarrival.Yours,LiHua第二节(20分)一、内容要点1.宣传动员2.准备行李3.体验劳动4.回家分享二、范文Onepossibleversion:LastweekItookpartinafarmworkprogrammeinthesuburbs.Attheclassmeeting,ourteachertoldusabouttheprogrammewiththetheme“Workingismostbeautiful”.Andhestressedtheimportanceofworkingwithourownhands.WhenIgothome,Ipackedupmyluggageforthetrip.Onthefarm,wehelpedpickwatermelons.Whileworking,Irealisedhowharditwastoworkinthefieldsunderahotsun.WhenIcamebackhome,Isharedmyexperienceswithmyparents.Andtheywereveryproudofme. |
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