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Thoracic Vertebral Body Replacement (Anterior) 前路胸椎椎体置换术 Introduction （介绍） An anterior thoracic vertebral body replacement approaches the spine from the front, removes and replaces a damaged vertebra, and stabilizes the spine. The procedure can remove painful pressure on the spinal cord and nerves that has resulted from trauma in which a vertebra is severely fractured, or pressure caused when a tumor has spread to the front of the spine and fractured a vertebra. 前路胸椎椎体置换术从脊柱前方进行显露，去除病变椎体，并进行置换，稳定脊柱。外伤引起椎体严重骨折或因肿瘤转移到脊柱的前方和引起椎体骨折，会引起的脊髓和神经压迫，可以通过本手术解除疼痛。 Removing Diseased Material （去除病变组织） An incision is made on the side of the chest and vertebrae are approached from the front. Surgical instruments are used to remove the tumor, the surrounding diseased bone, and adjacent discs. Removing these structures reduces the pressure on the spinal cord and nerves that was causing pain. 在胸部侧面作切口，从前方显露椎体。用手术器械去除肿瘤、周围病变骨头以及相邻的椎间盘。去除这些结构可减轻它们对脊髓和神经的压迫所引起的疼痛。 Replacement （置换） A metal cage is filled with bone graft material. The cage with the bone graft is then positioned to replace the vertebral body and discs that have been removed. The cage will act as primary support for the spine as new bone grows in and around the cage, which will eventually fuse the vertebrae. 用骨移植材料充植金属笼，然后将植了骨的笼放入去除了椎体和椎间盘的部位以替代之。金属笼周围新骨长入后，最终使上下椎体融合在一起，脊柱就象以前一样有了支撑。 Stabilization （稳定） Screws are placed through plates in the adjacent healthy vertebrae. The screws are connected with metal rods that are attached to the metal cage to provide additional support and stability while the bone grows in place. 在相邻正常椎体上通过钢板拧入螺钉，并连接金属棒，与金属笼相连，在骨组织生长时提供额外的支撑和稳定性。 Summary （总结） The incision is closed and dressed to complete the surgery. Radiation treatments are frequently used 2-4 weeks after surgery to treat any tumor remaining in the spine. It generally takes 3-6 months for the bone graft to fuse the vertebrae, and patients should be careful to avoid heavy lifting and excessive motion during the recovery period. 关闭切口并包扎，手术结束。手术后2~4周以后，往往需要进行放射治疗，以杀灭脊柱上残留的肿瘤。椎体植骨融合一般需要3~6月。病人在恢复期间应小心，避免负重及过度的活动。 （高晨珉 转） |
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