状语的构成及状语成分的替代类型

状语可以由下面这些词或词组表示：

1．副词：

What you said is only partly true．

你的话只部分地对。

She will write to you shortly．

她不久将给你写信。

2．介词短语：

Thank you for bringing it．

谢谢你帮我带来了。

She helped us out of kindness．

她帮助我们是出于好心。

3．不定式(短语)：

I've come to say goodbye to you．

我是来和你道别的。

I'm pleased to have made your acquaintance．

认识了你我很高兴。

4．分词(短语)：

They were busy earning a living．

他们都为生活奔忙。

My garden is small compared with yours．

和你的花园比我的花园是很小的。

5．形容词：

Now she was back，eager to see her friends．

现在她回来了，非常期待见到她的朋友们。

6．词组：

She jumped ten feet．她跳了十英尺远。

7．复合结构（独立结构）：

That being the case，we'11 have to reconsider the whole thing．

情况既然如此，我们就得重新考虑整个这件事。

8．从句：

Strong as he was，he couldn't lift it．

尽管他很健壮，却把它提不起来。

有时也可用名词作状语：

We have been sitting here hours waiting for you．

我们在这里坐了好几个钟头等你。