欢迎订阅初中英语写作精品课。专栏包括20篇英语考试必考话题写作，购买赠送PDF版，可直接打印学习。介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的词，不能单独作句子成分。今天给大家分享了表示时间、位置、地点、方位，还有表示工具、手段或方式的介词，以及其他常用介词。 一. 表示时间的介词 【帮你归纳】 ★表示时间时，at强调钟点； on强调星期、日期或某天的上午、下午或晚上； in强调年、月、季节、时间段（常与将来时连用）或用于morning, afternoon, evening（noon和night前用at）前。 ★“for 一段时间”和“since 过去的具体时间”表示延续一段时间，常与现在完成时连用。 ★by意为“在……之前”，含有“不迟于……；到……为止”之意。 ★“during 时间段”与延续性动词连用，表示一段时间内的动作或状态。 【考一考】 单项选择 ( ) 1. I often help my mom do housework ________ Saturdays. A. at B. in C. on D. to ( ) 2. I get up ______ 6:30 in the morning every day. A. in B. at C. on D. to ( ) 3. My uncle and aunt will come to see us ________ August. A. in B. on C. for D. at ( ) 4. This boy was born _______ the morning of July 6th, 2010. A. in B. for C. at D. on ( ) 5. — How long have you studied in this school? — ________ this January. A. From B. Since C. For D. On 二. 表示位置、方位或地点的介词【帮你归纳】 ★in表示在某一地区之内的方位；on表示与某一地区的毗邻关系；to表示在某一地区以外的某个方位。 ★on表示在某物上面且互相接触；over侧重垂直的上方，反义词是under；above指在上方的任意一点，表示在某物上的高低位置，不接触，其反义词是below。 ★across表示从某物表面穿过或沿某一条线的方向进行的动作；through主要表示从物体内部穿过。 ★in the tree表示人或其他物体在树上；on the tree表示树上固有的东西。 大家可以参考下面的表格来记忆和运用哦！ 【考一考】 单项选择 ( ) 1. — Where is this kind of wine made? — It's made ______ France. A. of B. in C. by D. as ( ) 2. How can we cross that wide river? There's no bridge _______ it. A. among B. between C. on D. over ( ) 3. You must be careful when you swim ________ the river. A. across B. below C. on D. through ( ) 4. The thief came in ________ the window last night. A. through B. along C. across D. towards ( ) 5. In cold winter, the temperature in Harbin often remains _______ zero. A. above B. below C. over D. under 三. 表示工具、手段或方式的介词【帮你归纳】 ★in表示用语言、声音、原材料等；with表示用具体有形的东西；by表示用某种手段或方法，接交通工具时，交通工具名词前不用冠词，后面也常接动词的-ing形式。 ★on表示通过无线电等通讯工具。 ★with / without sb.'s help意为“在某人的帮助下/没有某人的帮助”。 【考一考】 单项选择 ( ) 1. — What's this _______ English, Li Wei? — It's a robot. A. for B. of C. in D. on ( ) 2. I saw Mr. Green talking with his son _______ the phone. A. on B. with C. to D. in ( ) 3. Could you give me a hand? I can't complete the task on time ______ you help. A. without B. below C. with D. for ( ) 4. Look! The little girl is writing ________ a pen. A. through B. by C. in D. with ( ) 5. Mr. Brown makes a living ________ selling flowers. A. along B. with C. by D. in 四. 其他介词【帮你归纳】 ★ by 1. 介词by最常见的用法是在被动句中引出施动者，意为“被……”。 2. 介词by表示时间，意为“在……之前，到……为止”。 3. 介词by加表示交通工具或交通方式的名词，意为“用……，乘……，借助于……”。常见搭配有：by train/rail /taxi/bus/truck/bike /boat /plane /land /road /sea /water/air等。 注意：置于by后表示交通工具的名词不变复数，前面不加冠词，但指乘某一具体时间的交通工具时则须加冠词。如： He left by the 10:30 train. 4. by表示方式、方法或手段等时, 后常接无冠词的名词或v-ing，意为“通过……，靠……，凭借……”。如： I've dialed the number so many times, so Iknow it by heart. Can I reach you by phone? I sent the letter by airmail. 5. by表示经由、通过时，意为“通过……，沿着……”。常见的搭配有：by a stone bridge/the backdoor/the freeway/country roads等。如： We came through the fields, not by the road. ★ through 1. 表示手段、媒介，意为“凭借……，经由……”，后面可以跟名词或v-ing。当through后跟v-ing时可以与by互换。如： The young man succeeded through hard work and good luck. We sold the bike through advertising in the local paper. 2. 表示空间上通过、透过、经过，意为“通过……，经过……，穿过……，从一端到另一端”。如： It is comfortable to read a book when lightcomes in through the window. 3. 表示时间上通过、自始至终、从头到尾，意为“整个……，从……开头到终了”，如： The writer often works through the night. The children are too young to sit through a long concert. ★with with意为“具有；拥有”；against意为“反对；倚靠”；表示在建筑物的楼层时用介词on。 ★在It’s 形容词 of sb. to do sth.句型中，形容词为clever, kind, silly等描述人物性格特征的词；在It’s 形容词 for sb. to do sth.句型中，形容词为important, easy等描述事物特征的词。 ★be made of意为“由……制成”，表示从成品中可以看出原材料；be made from也意为“由……制成”，表示从成品中看不出原材料。 【考一考】 单项选择 ( ) 1. Meimei is a beautiful girl _______ big eyes and dark hair. A. in B. on C. at D. with ( ) 2. It is really kind ______ him to help those who are ______ trouble. A. of; on B. of; in C. for; on D. for; at ( ) 3. All the desks in our classroom are made _______ wood. A. by B. into C. of D. from ( ) 4. We'll play basketball _________ Class 3 tomorrow afternoon. A. over B. against C. to D. for ( ) 5. Mr. Green's office is ________ the 26th floor. You can take the lift there. A. at B. in C. on D. for 6. If you're travelling _________ car, ask whether there is a parking space nearby. 7. We walked rapidly _______ the backdoor. 8. She was led _______ the arm toa small room at the end of the corridor (走廊). 领取【考一考】参考答案的方式： |
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