Unit6GrammarAttributiveClause(1)AttributiveClause(1)Attributive
Clause(1)AttributiveClause(1)定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。Attri
butiveClause(1)ThemanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetablesAttr
ibutiveClause(1)先行词：被从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词AttributiveClause(1)关系词：引导
定语从句的词分类： 关系代词 关系副词AttributiveClause(1)关who系whom代that词which
whoseAttributiveClause(1)关who指人做主语系whom指人做宾语（可省略）代that指
人物做主语或宾语（省）词which指物做主语或宾语(省）whose指人、物做定语“....的”Attributive
Clause(1)when指时间做状语关系副词where指地点做状语why指原因做状语AttributiveClause(
1)Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.Youmustdoevery
thingthatIdoAttributiveClause(1)结构：先行词（名词、代词）+关系词+从句作用：关系词在“
含义”、“人称”、“数”上与先行词一致，并代替先行词在定语从句中担任一个句子成分。AttributiveClause(1)1、
Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.住在我们隔壁的2、Themanwh
owashereyesterdayisamiddle-schoolteacher.昨天来这里的3、Thebook
which/thatisonthedeskismine.桌子上的4、Thebookswhichareonthe
deskaremine.桌子上的习题1.Heistheman____wantstoseeyou.2.The
man___istalkingwithmyfatherisourheadmaster.3.Idon''tkn
owtheman____hairisred.4.Iliketheshoppingcenter___isin
thenorthofmyhome.5.Thisisthebike___Tomwantstobuy.6.T
heyoungman____youtalkedtoisafamousathlete.习题1.Heisthe
man____wantstoseeyou.2.Theman___istalkingwithmyfathe
risourheadmaster.3.Idon''tknowtheman____hairisred.4.Il
iketheshoppingcenter___isinthenorthofmyhome.5.Thisist
hebike___Tomwantstobuy.6.Theyoungman____youtalkedtois
afamousathlete.1.who/that2.who/that3.whose4.which/that5.whi
ch/that//6.whom/thatAttributiveClause(1)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1、介词+w
hom2、介词+which3、介词+whose1.Theyoungmanwhomyoutalkedtoisaf
amousathlete.(towhomyoutalked)2.Thebosswhosecompanymyfa
therworkedinisaforeigner.(inwhose….AttributiveClause(1)定
语从句中只能使用that的情况1.当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用“tha
t”。例：IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?我能给你做点什么吗?2.当先行词为a
ll，any，much，many词时，只能使用“that”。例：Tomtoldhermotherallthathad
happened.汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。AttributiveClause(1)3.当先行词是形容词最高级或
被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。例：ThisisthemostwonderfultimethatIh
aveeverhad.这是我度过的最美好的时光。4.当先行词是序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”。例：Hewasth
efirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。5.先行词被theonly，
thevery，thesame，thelast修饰时，只能使用“that”。Heistheonlypersont
hatcanhelpyouout.他是唯一能帮你的人。6.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能使用“that”。例：They
talkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.
他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人。AttributiveClause(1)7.当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句
或先行词是who时，只能使用“that”。例：Whichisthebookthatheboughtfromthe
libraryyesterday?哪本是你们昨天从图书馆借的书？AttributiveClause(1)定语从句中，只用
that的口诀。先行不定代，thevery/only/first;有高序，some/all/much/few;指物人，有了wh
ich/who.定语从句中，不用that的顺口溜that用法真有趣，两个地方它不去，逗号后边它不去，介词之后不考虑。Attr
ibutiveClause(1)theway作先行词，关系代词可以用三个：that、inwhich、/TheInte
rnethaschangedtheway______welivework,learnandplay.强
化训练1.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons___theyrememberedin
thecountry.2.Thegirl,___isstandingunderabigtree,iscryi
ng.3.Beijing,____isthecapitalofChina,isaverybeautiful
city.4.Thisisthebestthing___hasbeenusedagainstpollution
.5.Thecityin___shelivesisaveryfaraway.强化训练1.that2.w
ho3.which4.that5.which1.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons_
__theyrememberedinthecountry.2.Thegirl,___isstandingunde
rabigtree,iscrying.3.Beijing,____isthecapitalofChina,
isaverybeautifulcity.4.Thisisthebestthing___hasbeenu
sedagainstpollution.5.Thecityin___shelivesisaveryfar
away.AttributiveClause(1)6.TheInternethaschangedtheway___
welivework,learnandplay.7.Whichisthebook____hebought
fromthelibraryyesterday?8.Tomtoldhermotherall___hadhappe
ned.9.Heistheonlyperson____canhelpyouout.10.Hewasthefir
stperson___passedtheexam.AttributiveClause(1)6.that/which/
/7.that8.that9.that10.that6.TheInternethaschangedtheway_
__welivework,learnandplay.7.Whichisthebook____heboug
htfromthelibraryyesterday?8.Tomtoldhermotherall___hadha
ppened.9.Heistheonlyperson____canhelpyouout.10.Hewasthe
firstperson___passedtheexam.AttributiveClause(1)定语从句中，只用th
at的口诀。先行不定代，thevery/only/first;有高序，some/all/much/few;指物人，有了whic
h/who.定语从句中，不用that的顺口溜that用法真有趣，两个地方它不去，逗号后边它不去，介词之后不考虑。Attrib
utiveClause(1)总结AttributiveClause(1)AttributiveClause(1)whe
n指时间做状语关系副词where指地点做状语why指原因做状语AttributiveClause(1)6.when关系副词：
指时间。在定语从句中作时间状语，不能省略。此时的when还可用介词+which替换(此时先行词一定是表时间的名词)。Istill
rememberthetimewhenIjoinedtheLeague.=Istillrememberthe
timeonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.=Istillrememberthetime(wh
ich/that)IjoinedtheLeagueon.7.where关系副词：指地点。在定语从句中作地点状语，不能省
略。此时的when还可用介词+which替换(此时先行词一定是表地点的名词)。Istillrememberthescho
olwhereIjoinedtheLeague.=Istillremembertheschoolinwhi
chIjoinedtheLeague.=Istillremembertheschool(which/that)
IjoinedtheLeaguein.※注：对关系副词when，where的认识。①.先行词是时间的名词，并非都
用关系副词when引导定语从句。I’llneverforgetthetime(which/that)Ispent
inBeijing.②.先行词是地点的名词，并非都用关系副词where引导定语从句。Thisisthefactory
(which/that)hevisitedyesterday.AttributiveClause(1)7.where关系
副词：指地点。在定语从句中作地点状语，不能省略。此时的when还可用介词+which替换(此时先行词一定是表地点的名词)。Is
tillremembertheschoolwhereIjoinedtheLeague.=Istillreme
mbertheschoolinwhichIjoinedtheLeague.AttributiveClause(1
)8.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词通常为reason，不能省略。且why引导的定语从句只能是限定性定语从句。Wh
y=forwhichIdon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateyesterday.The
reasonwhy(forwhich)hewaslateisthathemissedthebus.※注：当
先行词为reason时，关系副词并非都用why.Thisisthereason(that/which)hegave/
explainedtous.AttributiveClause(1)判断用关系代词还是关系副词】从句缺少的是主语、宾语还是
状语是确定用关系代词还是关系副词的关键。试比较：Iwillneverforgettheday(which/that)
IspentinHongkong.(spent是及物动词，后缺宾语，因此用关系代词或省略)Iwillneverfo
rgetthedaywhen/onwhichHongkongreturnedtoitsmotherland.(
从句主谓宾结构完整，缺状语，因此用关系副词或介词加关系代词)AttributiveClause(1)【运用定语从句时应注意的
几个问题】1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应和先行词的人称和数保持一致。Thisisoneofthe
bookswhichwerewrittenbyMarkTwain.这是马克吐温所写的书中的一本。(先行词是books
，因此动词应用were.)2.关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当一个句子成分，因此要注意避免从句中句子成分的重复出现。Thisis
themostbeautifulplacethatIhavevisitedit.Thisisthemos
tbeautifulplacethatIhavevisited.这是我参观过的最美的地方。(去掉it，因that代替
先行词themostbeautifulplace在定语从句中作visit的宾语，再加it就多余了。)Theschool
whereIworkedthereisabigone.TheschoolwhereIworkedisa
bigone.我所工作过的学校是一所大学校。(去掉there，因where既引导定语从句，又在从句中代替inthescho
ol作状语。)AttributiveClause(1)3.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不可省略。Thebookswere
onthetableweregiventoyou.Thebooksthatwereonthetablew
eregiventoyou.桌上的那些书是给你的。(关系代词that作主语不能省)4.“oneofthe+复数名词”
后的定语从句中谓语动词的单复数情况。“oneofthe+复数名词”时，复数名词是先行词，所以谓语动词常用复数形式。如果“on
eofthe+复数名词”前面有thevery/only等修饰语，则谓语动词用单数形式，因为先行词是，而不是复数名词。如：
HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhospeaksJapaneseinourcl
ass.他是我们班唯一说日语的学生。(theonlyone是先行词)Heisoneofthestudentswh
ospeaksJapaneseinourclass.他是我们班里说日语的学生之一。(students是先行词)Attr
ibutiveClause(1)6.定语从句中关系代词或关系副词的选择取决于它们在从句中所充当的句子成分。如作主语和宾语用关系
代词；作状语，用关系副词。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIwentabroadmyself
.(when在从句中代替时间状语ontheday，此句可分解为I’llneverforgettheday.Iwentabroadmyselfontheday.)I’llneverforgetthedaysthatwespenttogether.(that代替thedays，在从句中作spent的宾语，该句可分解为I’llneverforgetthedays.Wespentthedaystogether.)虚拟语气高中英语虚拟语气语法讲解虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。在条件句中的应用，条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气在从句中的使用虚拟语气即表达不可能发生或与预期相反的情况。首先我们应熟悉它在三种时态里的使用情况，这是正确使用虚拟语气的基础。这三种时态是：现在；过去；将来。非谓语动词AttributiveClause(1)AttributiveClause(1) |
|
