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linux phy运行状态

 XeonGate 2020-01-07

https://blog.csdn.net/chenliang0224/article/details/81024026

一、phy执行的枚举状态定义

  1. enum phy_state {
  2. 	PHY_DOWN=0, //down 如关闭网卡，ifconfig eth0 down
  3. 	PHY_STARTING, //1
  4. 	PHY_READY, //2 phy设备注册成功
  5. 	PHY_PENDING, //3 phy芯片挂起
  6. 	PHY_UP, //4 开启网卡，ifconfig eth0 up
  7. 	PHY_AN, //5 网卡自动协商
  8. 	PHY_RUNNING, //6 网卡上已插入网线、并建立物理连接，同时会从这个状态切换到PHY_CHANGELINK
  9. 	PHY_NOLINK, //7 断网，如拔掉网线
  10. 	PHY_FORCING, //8 自动协商标识未被使能，就强制执行自动协商（读取phy寄存器、并设置通讯速率、半双工或全双工模式、等）
  11. 	PHY_CHANGELINK, //9 当连接时，会换到PHY_RUNNING，当断网时，会切到PHY_NOLINK
  12. 	PHY_HALTED, //10 在执行网卡关闭时（ifconfig eth0 down）会执行到这个状态，即phy挂起
  13. 	PHY_RESUMING //11 在执行网卡开启时（ifconfig eth0 up）会执行到这个状态，即phy恢复
  14. };

二、emac接口驱动下的phy设备注册

  1. nuc970_ether_probe //探测函数驱动
  2. 	nuc970_mii_setup
  3. 		mdiobus_register
  4. 			mdiobus_scan
  5. 				get_phy_device
  6. 					get_phy_id
  7. 					phy_device_create
  8. 						dev->autoneg = AUTONEG_ENABLE; //设置phy 自动协商使能
  9. 						dev->state = PHY_DOWN; //设置phy的状态 ----1-----
  10. 						INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&dev->state_queue, phy_state_machine); //初始化一个中断顶版本的延时工作队列，用来处理phy状态机
  11. 				phy_device_register //phy设备注册
  12. 					device_add //这里是通过堆栈信息打印的，详见下面的 堆栈信息
  13. 						bus_probe_device
  14. 							device_attach
  15. 								bus_for_each_drv
  16. 									__device_attach
  17. 										driver_probe_device
  18. 											phy_probe //非常重要的一个探测接口
  19. 												phydev->supported = phydrv->features; //phydrv->features = PHY_BASIC_FEATURES | SUPPORTED_Pause | SUPPORTED_Asym_Pause
  20. 												phydev->advertising = phydrv->features;
  21. 												phydev->state = PHY_READY; //设置phy的状态 ----2-----
  22. 		phy_connect(dev, dev_name(&phydev->dev), &adjust_link, PHY_INTERFACE_MODE_RMII);	
  23. 			phy_connect_direct
  24. 				phy_prepare_link
  25. 					phydev->adjust_link = handler; //handler = adjust_link
  26. 				phy_start_machine
  27. 					phydev->adjust_state = handler; //handler = NULL
  28. 					schedule_delayed_work(&phydev->state_queue, HZ); //启动上面注册的延时工作队列状态机 phy_state_machine

总结：上面已经将phy的状态设置成了 phydev->state = PHY_READY，同时完成了emac接口下的phy设备驱动注册，接下来将分析如何使用该phy设备驱动。

三、应用层执行ifconfig eth0 up时phy的设备状态

  1. ifconfig eth0 up----->
  2. nuc970_ether_open
  3. 	phy_start
  4. 		//......
  5. 		switch (phydev->state) { //上面已经 phydev->state = PHY_READY
  6. 		case PHY_STARTING:
  7. 			phydev->state = PHY_PENDING;
  8. 			break;
  9. 		case PHY_READY:
  10. 			phydev->state = PHY_UP; //所以到这里， 设置phy的状态为 PHY_UP ----3-----
  11. 			break;
  12. 		case PHY_HALTED:
  13. 			phydev->state = PHY_RESUMING;
  14. 		default:
  15. 			break;
  16. 		}
  17. 		//......

总结：上面在执行 ifconfig eth0 up 后，已将phydev->state = PHY_UP

四、phy状态机phy_state_machine执行状态分析

  1. phy_state_machine
  2. 	switch(phydev->state) { //关于该phydev->state的各执行状态详见本“第一”小节的介绍
  3. 	case PHY_DOWN:
  4. 	case PHY_STARTING:
  5. 	case PHY_READY:
  6. 	case PHY_PENDING:
  7. 		break;
  8. 	case PHY_UP:
  9. 		needs_aneg = 1;
  11. 		phydev->link_timeout = PHY_AN_TIMEOUT;
  13. 		break;
  14. 	.....
  15. 	phy_start_aneg //启动自动协商
  16. 		phydev->drv->config_aneg(phydev); //这里将调用 genphy_config_aneg
  17. 			genphy_config_aneg
  18. 				genphy_config_advert //自动协商声明，关于其源码详见如下
  19. 	phydev->state = PHY_AN; //设置为自动协商，设置phy的状态为 PHY_AN ----4-----	
  20. 	//此时函数返回，又重新进入到上面的状态机 phy_state_machine，不过此时的状态已经变为 PHY_AN
  22. 	case PHY_AN: //自动协商
  23. 		phy_read_status //读取phy的状态
  24. 			phydev->drv->read_status(phydev); //.read_status = genphy_read_status
  25. 				genphy_read_status
  26. 					genphy_update_link
  27. 						phy_read(phydev, MII_BMSR); //读取phy的状态寄存器
  28. 						if ((status & BMSR_LSTATUS) == 0)  //phy 的链路状态
  29. 							phydev->link = 0; //设置网卡的状态处于断开状态
  30. 						else
  31. 							phydev->link = 1; //设置网卡的状态处于连接状态
  32. 		if (!phydev->link) { //链路状态
  33. 			phydev->state = PHY_NOLINK; //协商失败，未建立连接，设置phy的状态为 PHY_NOLINK ----5-----
  34. 			netif_carrier_off(phydev->attached_dev);
  35. 			phydev->adjust_link(phydev->attached_dev);
  36. 			break;
  37. 		}	
  39. 		err = phy_aneg_done(phydev); //判断自动协商是否完成	
  40. 		/* If AN is done, we're running */
  41. 		if (err > 0) { //自动协商完成
  42. 			phydev->state = PHY_RUNNING; //协商成功，建立连接，设置phy的状态为 PHY_RUNNING ----6-----
  43. 			netif_carrier_on(phydev->attached_dev);
  44. 			phydev->adjust_link(phydev->attached_dev); //adjust_link = adjust_link 调用nuc970_ether0里面的接口函数
  46. 		} else if (0 == phydev->link_timeout--) { //自动协商未完成，将根据 link_timeout 次数继续尝试自动协商
  47. 			needs_aneg = 1;
  48. 			/* If we have the magic_aneg bit,
  49. 			* we try again */
  50. 			if (phydev->drv->flags & PHY_HAS_MAGICANEG)
  51. 				break;
  52. 		}
  54. 	case PHY_RUNNING:
  55. 		/* Only register a CHANGE if we are
  56. 		* polling */
  57. 		if (PHY_POLL == phydev->irq)
  58. 			phydev->state = PHY_CHANGELINK; //正常运行，设置phy的状态为 PHY_CHANGELINK ----7-----
  59. 		break;
  61. 	case PHY_CHANGELINK:
  62. 		err = phy_read_status(phydev); //再次获取 phy 链路状态
  64. 		if (err)
  65. 			break;
  67. 		if (phydev->link) {
  68. 			phydev->state = PHY_RUNNING; //协商成功，建立连接，设置phy的状态为 PHY_RUNNING ----8-----
  69. 			netif_carrier_on(phydev->attached_dev);
  70. 		} else {
  71. 			phydev->state = PHY_NOLINK; //协商失败，未建立连接，设置phy的状态为 PHY_NOLINK ----9-----
  72. 			netif_carrier_off(phydev->attached_dev);
  73. 		}
  75. 		phydev->adjust_link(phydev->attached_dev);  //adjust_link = adjust_link 调用nuc970_ether0里面的接口函数
  77. 		if (PHY_POLL != phydev->irq)
  78. 			err = phy_config_interrupt(phydev,
  79. 					PHY_INTERRUPT_ENABLED);
  80. 		break;

emac接口驱动配置phy

  1. int genphy_config_aneg(struct phy_device *phydev)
  2. {
  3. 	int result;
  5. 	if (AUTONEG_ENABLE != phydev->autoneg) //在phy创建的时候，初始了ev->autoneg = AUTONEG_ENABLE; //设置phy 自动协商使能
  6. 		return genphy_setup_forced(phydev);
  8. 	result = genphy_config_advert(phydev);
  10. 	if (result < 0) /* error */
  11. 		return result;
  13. 	if (result == 0) {
  14. 		/* Advertisement hasn't changed, but maybe aneg was never on to
  15. 		* begin with?  Or maybe phy was isolated? */
  16. 		int ctl = phy_read(phydev, MII_BMCR); //获取模式控制寄存器，详见该链接对该寄存器的定义：https://wenku.baidu.com/view/b8704335ee06eff9aef807bd.html
  18. 		if (ctl < 0)
  19. 			return ctl;
  21. 		//不能自动协商 || 自动协商复位
  22. 		if (!(ctl & BMCR_ANENABLE) || (ctl & BMCR_ISOLATE)) //BMCR_ANENABLE: 自动协商使能 ||
  23. 			result = 1; /* do restart aneg */
  24. 	}
  26. 	/* Only restart aneg if we are advertising something different
  27. 	* than we were before.	 */
  28. 	if (result > 0)
  29. 		result = genphy_restart_aneg(phydev); //重启自动协商
  31. 	return result;
  32. }

获取自动协商配置

  1. static int genphy_config_advert(struct phy_device *phydev)
  2. {
  3. 	u32 advertise;
  4. 	int oldadv, adv;
  5. 	int err, changed = 0;
  7. 	/* Only allow advertising what
  8. 	* this PHY supports */
  9. 	/*
  10. 		phy 设备在注册时初始化为如下：
  11. 			phydev->supported = phydrv->features; //phydrv->features = PHY_BASIC_FEATURES | SUPPORTED_Pause | SUPPORTED_Asym_Pause
  12. 			phydev->advertising = phydrv->features;
  13. 	*/
  14. 	phydev->advertising &= phydev->supported;
  15. 	advertise = phydev->advertising;
  17. 	/* Setup standard advertisement */
  18. 	oldadv = adv = phy_read(phydev, MII_ADVERTISE); //自动协商声明
  20. 	if (adv < 0)
  21. 		return adv;
  23. 	adv &= ~(ADVERTISE_ALL | ADVERTISE_100BASE4 | ADVERTISE_PAUSE_CAP |
  24. 		ADVERTISE_PAUSE_ASYM);
  25. 	adv |= ethtool_adv_to_mii_adv_t(advertise);
  27. 	if (adv != oldadv) { //自动协商结果不一致就重新设置
  28. 		err = phy_write(phydev, MII_ADVERTISE, adv);
  30. 		if (err < 0)
  31. 			return err;
  32. 		changed = 1;
  33. 	}
  35. 	/* Configure gigabit if it's supported */
  36. 	if (phydev->supported & (SUPPORTED_1000baseT_Half |
  37. 				SUPPORTED_1000baseT_Full)) {
  38. 		oldadv = adv = phy_read(phydev, MII_CTRL1000);
  40. 		if (adv < 0)
  41. 			return adv;
  43. 		adv &= ~(ADVERTISE_1000FULL | ADVERTISE_1000HALF);
  44. 		adv |= ethtool_adv_to_mii_ctrl1000_t(advertise);
  46. 		if (adv != oldadv) {
  47. 			err = phy_write(phydev, MII_CTRL1000, adv);
  49. 			if (err < 0)
  50. 				return err;
  51. 			changed = 1;
  52. 		}
  53. 	}
  55. 	return changed;
  56. }

重启自动协商

  1. int genphy_restart_aneg(struct phy_device *phydev)
  2. {
  3. 	int ctl;
  5. 	ctl = phy_read(phydev, MII_BMCR);
  7. 	if (ctl < 0)
  8. 		return ctl;
  10. 	ctl |= (BMCR_ANENABLE | BMCR_ANRESTART);
  12. 	/* Don't isolate the PHY if we're negotiating */
  13. 	ctl &= ~(BMCR_ISOLATE);
  15. 	ctl = phy_write(phydev, MII_BMCR, ctl); //设置自动协商
  17. 	return ctl;
  18. }

总结：上面源码只要是完成emac接口与phy之间的自动协商、链路状态检测等

五、拓展信息

1. phy_probe匹配时的探测信息

  1. ===========================堆栈信息===========================	
  2. Backtrace:
  3. [<c0012df8>] (dump_backtrace+0x0/0x10c) from [<c0012f1c>] (show_stack+0x18/0x1c)
  4. r7:c39c8374 r6:c39c8208 r5:c0474914 r4:c39c8200
  5. [<c0012f04>] (show_stack+0x0/0x1c) from [<c0324ef4>] (dump_stack+0x20/0x2c)
  6. [<c0324ed4>] (dump_stack+0x0/0x2c) from [<c022ae08>] (phy_probe+0x58/0x88)
  7. [<c022adb0>] (phy_probe+0x0/0x88) from [<c01f69e4>] (driver_probe_device+0x9c/0x238)
  8. r7:c047496c r6:00000000 r5:c39c8208 r4:c047496c
  9. [<c01f6948>] (driver_probe_device+0x0/0x238) from [<c01f6c5c>] (__device_attach+0x44/0x48)
  10. [<c01f6c18>] (__device_attach+0x0/0x48) from [<c01f4ff8>] (bus_for_each_drv+0x68/0x94)
  11. r5:c3843cd8 r4:00000000
  12. [<c01f4f90>] (bus_for_each_drv+0x0/0x94) from [<c01f6d14>] (device_attach+0x88/0xa0)
  13. r7:00000001 r6:c39c823c r5:c0474820 r4:c39c8208
  14. [<c01f6c8c>] (device_attach+0x0/0xa0) from [<c01f5cc0>] (bus_probe_device+0x8c/0xb4)
  15. r7:00000001 r6:c39c8208 r5:c0474820 r4:c04b84f8
  16. [<c01f5c34>] (bus_probe_device+0x0/0xb4) from [<c01f45d0>] (device_add+0x310/0x648)
  17. r7:00000001 r6:00000000 r5:c39c8208 r4:c04b84f8
  18. [<c01f42c0>] (device_add+0x0/0x648) from [<c022bac8>] (phy_device_register+0x44/0x70)
  19. [<c022ba84>] (phy_device_register+0x0/0x70) from [<c022bdd0>] (mdiobus_scan+0x2c/0x4c)
  20. r7:00000001 r6:00000000 r5:00000001 r4:c39c8200
  21. [<c022bda4>] (mdiobus_scan+0x0/0x4c) from [<c022bf88>] (mdiobus_register+0xec/0x184)
  22. r5:00000001 r4:c39c8000
  23. [<c022be9c>] (mdiobus_register+0x0/0x184) from [<c022d874>] (nuc970_ether_probe+0x2d8/0x4b4)
  24. [<c022d59c>] (nuc970_ether_probe+0x0/0x4b4) from [<c01f7d08>] (platform_drv_probe+0x20/0x24)
  25. [<c01f7ce8>] (platform_drv_probe+0x0/0x24) from [<c01f69e4>] (driver_probe_device+0x9c/0x238)
  26. [<c01f6948>] (driver_probe_device+0x0/0x238) from [<c01f6c14>] (__driver_attach+0x94/0x98)
  27. [<c01f6b80>] (__driver_attach+0x0/0x98) from [<c01f50a0>] (bus_for_each_dev+0x7c/0xa0)
  28. r7:c01f6b80 r6:c0474a58 r5:c3843e78 r4:00000000
  29. [<c01f5024>] (bus_for_each_dev+0x0/0xa0) from [<c01f6828>] (driver_attach+0x20/0x28)
  30. r7:c046fc68 r6:c0474a58 r5:c0474a58 r4:c39a69c0
  31. [<c01f6808>] (driver_attach+0x0/0x28) from [<c01f5990>] (bus_add_driver+0xec/0x240)
  32. [<c01f58a4>] (bus_add_driver+0x0/0x240) from [<c01f6ffc>] (driver_register+0x60/0x150)
  33. r7:c3842000 r6:00000000 r5:c0474a58 r4:c044396c
  34. [<c01f6f9c>] (driver_register+0x0/0x150) from [<c01f7fe8>] (platform_driver_register+0x4c/0x60)
  35. r7:c3842000 r6:00000000 r5:c043f414 r4:c044396c
  36. [<c01f7f9c>] (platform_driver_register+0x0/0x60) from [<c04395b0>] (nuc970_ether_init+0x14/0x1c)
  37. [<c043959c>] (nuc970_ether_init+0x0/0x1c) from [<c00087c4>] (do_one_initcall+0x38/0x150)
  38. [<c000878c>] (do_one_initcall+0x0/0x150) from [<c04235d4>] (kernel_init_freeable+0x14c/0x224)
  39. [<c0423488>] (kernel_init_freeable+0x0/0x224) from [<c0324528>] (kernel_init+0x10/0x15c)
  40. [<c0324518>] (kernel_init+0x0/0x15c) from [<c000f850>] (ret_from_fork+0x14/0x24)
  41. r5:c0324518 r4:00000000
  42. libphy: nuc970_rmii0: probed

2. phy标准寄存器的定义

  1. /* Generic MII registers. */
  2. //控制寄存器
  3. #define MII_BMCR		0x00	/* Basic mode control register */
  4. //状态寄存器
  5. #define MII_BMSR		0x01	/* Basic mode status register  */
  6. //PHY 标志
  7. #define MII_PHYSID1		0x02	/* PHYS ID 1                   */
  8. #define MII_PHYSID2		0x03	/* PHYS ID 2                   */
  10. //4~8寄存器是用于自动协商的
  11. #define MII_ADVERTISE		0x04	/* Advertisement control reg   自动协商声明*/
  12. #define MII_LPA			0x05	/* Link partner ability reg    */
  13. #define MII_EXPANSION		0x06	/* Expansion register          */
  15. //保留
  16. #define MII_CTRL1000		0x09	/* 1000BASE-T control          */
  17. #define MII_STAT1000		0x0a	/* 1000BASE-T status           */
  18. #define	MII_MMD_CTRL		0x0d	/* MMD Access Control Register */
  19. #define	MII_MMD_DATA		0x0e	/* MMD Access Data Register */
  20. #define MII_ESTATUS		0x0f	/* Extended Status             */
  22. //制造商指定寄存器
  23. #define MII_DCOUNTER		0x12	/* Disconnect counter          */
  24. #define MII_FCSCOUNTER		0x13	/* False carrier counter       */
  25. #define MII_NWAYTEST		0x14	/* N-way auto-neg test reg     */
  26. #define MII_RERRCOUNTER		0x15	/* Receive error counter       */
  27. #define MII_SREVISION		0x16	/* Silicon revision            */
  28. #define MII_RESV1		0x17	/* Reserved...                 */
  29. #define MII_LBRERROR		0x18	/* Lpback, rx, bypass error    */
  30. #define MII_PHYADDR		0x19	/* PHY address                 */
  31. #define MII_RESV2		0x1a	/* Reserved...                 */
  32. #define MII_TPISTATUS		0x1b	/* TPI status for 10mbps       */
  33. #define MII_NCONFIG		0x1c	/* Network interface config    */
关于phy的寄存器定义详见：https://wenku.baidu.com/view/b8704335ee06eff9aef807bd.html 第5页

                                    		
                                

                            
                        

                    




                

                

                    
                    
                        

                            
                                
    
                                		
                        
    
                        
                
    
                
    
                
                
                
    
                
    


                

                
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