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微课视频： 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别： 现在完成时: 强调某一动作产生的结果对现在的影响或结果，与现在有关。一般过去时: 仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。 例1： 他已学英语五年了。 He has studied English for five years. （说明他还会继续学下去） 他曾学过五年英语。 He studied English for five years. （只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。） 例2：I’ve lived here for ten years. 我在这里住了10年。(现在仍住这儿) I lived here for ten years. 我在这里住过10年。(现在不住这儿了） 例3：He has bought a house. 他买了一栋房子。(现在已拥有这房子) He bought a house ten years ago. 他10年前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚) 一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显的时间状语。 遇到yesterday, Last year, in May, in+过去某一年，two days ago, the other day, just now等就用一般过去时 (表过去的时间) 当有 so far, in/during/over the past/ last few days(在过去/最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时 练习： l Put the following sentences into English. l A: 火车已经开走了. l B: 什么时候开走的? l A: 半个小时之前开走的. l A: 这本书我已经买了两年了. l B: 你在哪儿买的? l A: 在我老家买的. l A: 你看过这部电影吗? l B: 看过. l A: 什么时候看的. l B: 上周星期天看的. 答案： A: The train has left. B: When did it leave. A: It left half an hour ago. A: I`ve had the book for two years. B: Where did you buy it? A: I bought it in my hometown. A: have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it last Sunday. 现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状语连用，常与之连用的时间状语有： before, by now (so far), once, twice…, just, recently yet(否/疑), already(肯), ever, never, all one’s life , in /during/over the past /last 5 years, 例如： （1）already 肯定句: “己经” I’ve already had breakfast. (常见) = I’ve had breakfast already. 一般疑问句: 句末(表示惊讶的语气) “难道” Have you had breakfast already？(表示强调) 注: 有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词. Eg. She’s already eighty years old. It was already very late. (2) yet 否定句:句末 “还(没)” I haven’t had breakfast yet. 疑问句: 句末 “己经” Have you had breakfast yet? 注意：当在肯定句中含already或just，变否定时，在句末加yet。 ● I have already seen the film. I haven’t seen the film yet. ● Mother has just cleaned the house. Mother hasn’t cleaned the house yet. (3) ever 疑问句 : 句中 “曾经” Have you ever been to Beijing? (4) never 否定句: 句中 “从来没有” I’ve never been to Beijing. (5) just 用于句中, 表示“刚刚” I’ve just had breakfast. What have they just done? (6) before 用于句末, 表示“以前” I’ve seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ? 。。。。。。 （未完，详细例句和内容请看上面视频） |
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