What did tcm theory actually want to tell us？tcm means traditional Chinese medicine (part two）

9. judge deficiency and sufficiency from pulse

 what is deficiency? what is sufficiency? What is definition standard about deficiency and sufficiency? look at eight diagrams picture, yin yang balancemeans yin is as much as yang, it demonstrates that earth is rotating around orbital orderly, once yin or yang is more than the other or less than the other, they deviate, earth will be swallowed by black hole which exists everywherein the universe if it breaks rule, so yin and yang must keep balance all the times as well as deficiency and sufficiency, balance means appropriate, too much means unnecessary for human body which need to be taken away, toolittle means inadequate vigour which need replenishment, so Huangdi internal classics mentioned “evil pathogen rebundant means sufficiency, inner vigour being taken away means deficiency”“tonify deficiency and dischargesufficiency” pathogen rebundant means leading force of pathogen cell becomes more and more strong, it is called sufficiency, vigour being taken away means leading force of normal cell becomes more and more weak，it is calleddeficiency, if examined under a microscope, discharge means pathogen cells are defeated and reduced, tonify means normal cells are breeded and increased to enough quantity， then how do we know about deficiency, sufficiency, yin and yang of people? tcm understand this throughfour ways of diagnosis- look, listen, ask, feel pulse on hand wrist. Nanjing classics mentioned “float weak small, sink strong big, this is called yin sufficient yang deficient, sink weak small, float strong big, this iscalled yang sufficient yin deficient” these words means: when you push lightly with three fingers simultaneously to feel floating pulse on the wrist, you find pulse weak and small, then you press heavily the same place tofeel sinked pulse, you find pulse strong and vast, it represents yin sufficient yang deficient, weak and small pulse means deficiency, strong and vast pulse means sufficiency, yin means interior, yin sufficient means fivezang(solid) organs are excessive vigorous which need to be discharged or six fu（hollow） organs are full of pathogen enough which need to be cleared away，yang deficiency means exterior is very weak which need to be tonified； whenyou push lightly with three fingers simultaneously to feel floating pulse on the wrist, you find pulse hard and vast, then you push heavily the same place to feel sinked pulse, you find pulse weak and small, it represents yang sufficient yin deficient, yin deficient meansinternal organs need to be tonified, yang sufficient means exterior pathogen excessive which need to be dispersed. (floating pulse means exterior representing skin, muscle, arms and legs, sinked pulse means interior representing internal zang-solid and fu-hollow organs, as internal organs are an entirety in general speaking，yang means exterior representing skin, muscle, armsand legs, yin means interior representing internal zang-solid organ and fu-hollow organs). Nan classics explained judgement further between deficiency and sufficiency as follows “people has three deficiency and three sufficiency from pulse, disease and clinic,about pulse, weak pulse is deficient, strong pulse is sufficient, about disease, come out is deficient, go into is sufficient, chatter and repeating talk is deficient, people disliking talk is sufficient, chronic disease isdeficient, acute disease is sufficient, about clinic, itching is deficient, aching is sufficient, outside ache and inside acheless means outside sufficient and inside deficient, inside ache and outside acheless means inside sufficient and outside deficient. How to understand “come out” and “go into”? come out means disease is coming out of bodywhich represents illness improved, go into means disease is going into body which represents illness aggravated, such as skin illness on back of body, if diseased region transfers to arms and legs from back, it is called come out, for example, pathogen cell invades into body through twelve meridians step by step in sequencesuch as taiyang, yangming, shaoyang, taiyin, shaoyin and jueyin, if symptoms of taiyang is not cured correctly, on the contrary yangming and shaoyang symptoms appears, itis called “go into” representing sufficient.

10.location of internal organs on wrist

 Nan classics mentioned “individual pulse on wrist of hand could diagnose disease and predict life and death of internal organs” How could wristpulse judge definite position of organs? nan classics mentioned “exhale heart lung, inhale kidney liver, breath in & out spleen, in middle, floating yang, sink yin” Huangdi internal classics mentioned “pure yanggoes into skin and muscle, dirty yin goes to five solid organs, pure yang fills arms and legs, dirty yin goes into six hollow organs”it means: exhale means qi goes to exterior, so pulse of heart and lung belongs to yang,inhale means qi goes to interior, so pulse of liver and kidney belongs to yin, Huangdi internal classics mentioned “pure yang represents heaven, dirty yin represents earth”, yin and yang is opposite, yang is upward, yinis downward, thats why pulse of heart and lung float in the upper position of wrist （direction of thumb)which is called cun pulse, while pulse of liver and kidney sink in the lower position of wrist which is called chi pulse,spleen is in the middle position of wrist which is called guan pulse. After it designated plane position of five organs on the wrist, then it explained their depth position from the shallower to the deeper, Nan classics mentioned“when finger could feel beating pulse once it pressed down the skin with force equal to weight of three grains of soybean, its lung pulse because lung governs skin, when finger could feel beating pulse once it pressed downthe blood vessel with force equal to weight of six grains of soybean, its heart pulse because heart governs blood vessel, when finger could feel beating pulse once it pressed down the muscle with force equal to weight of ninegrains of soybean, its spleen pulse because spleen governs muscle, when finger could feel beating pulse once it pressed down the sinew beside bone with force equal to weight of twelve grains of soybean, its liver pulse becauseliver governs sinew, when finger could feel fierce pulse once it pressed heavily down to the bone, its kidney pulse because kidney governs bone, one finger is usually used here to feel particular organ, further more nan classicsdrew an analogy to clarify “both heart and lung floats, how to distinguish? vast and scatter is heart, short and contractible is lung” you may imagine how to feel a fire and a metal. How to distinguish kidney and liver?“firm and long is liver, press surface soft while press bottom hard is kidney” you may imagine how to feel wood and water, wood is firm and long, water surface is soft while water bottom is hard. Because twelve meridiansare bilateral symmetry, five solid organs zang and five hollow organs fu interact as yin and yang, so they are same position on wrist, such as heart and small intestine, left hand and right hand is totally same, thus you couldalso feel pulse of people without one arm. What is standard of healthy people pulse? Nan classics mentioned “pulse one exhale again, pulse one inhale again, not big and not small is balance” it means: during diagnosisdoctor judge patient pulse according to breathe by himself, when doctor exhale, patient pulse beats twice, when doctor inhale, patient pulse beats twice, pulse not big and not small means healthy, by this calculation, healthypeople pulse beats four times when doctor do each breathe, when doctor is attentive and concentrated during diagnosis, he is in deep breath , then pulse beating five times for each breathe is also normal.

11.

11-1. most important therapeutic principle

 The utmost important principle of nan classics therapy is“use hot medicine for cold disease, use cold medicine for hot disease” “tonify it ifdeficiency，tonify its mother if deficiency，son could make mother full，discharge it if sufficiency, discharge its son if sufficiency，mother could make son empty ” these words told us to apply medicine accdording todisease degree, how to deal with slight disease, general disease and serious disease. For example, if a deficient person, apply “tonify it if deficiency” for slight illness, apply “tonify it if deficiency” plus “tonify its mother if deficiency” for general illness, apply “tonify it if deficiency” “tonify its mother if deficiency” plus “son could make mother full” for serious illness.  If treatment is reversed, result is to ill more seriouly, Now we have known treatment answer among yin, yang, sufficient, deficient, cold and hot: by macroscopic analysis, yangmeans exterior which is kind of intangible strength filling in skin, muscle, arms and legs, people could run, jump and fight once having this force, skin pores could open and close freely, yang sufficiency need to be dispersed，yangdeficiency need to be tonified, yin means interior representing internal zang(solid) and fu(hollow) organs, yin sufficiency need to be discharged or cleared away, yin deficiency need to be tonified.

11-2.different therapies of internal organs

 for example, yang deficiency (floating pulse weak and small) need to be tonified by strong smell or slight smell medicines because smell belongs toyang, hot disease of yang deficiency need pungent smell and cold medicine to tonify yang, such as mint and duckweed, cold disease of yang deficiency need pungent smell and hot medicine to go to exterior such as cassia twigand schizonepeta; yang sufficiency (floating pulse strong and vast) need to be dispersed, because pungent means disperse, “pungent decocted with sweet belong to yang which is to disperse”so hot disease of yang sufficiencyneed pungent smell & cold medicine which go to exterior such as mint and duckweed plus jujube, cold disease of yang sufficiency need pungent smell & warm medicine which go to exterior, such as cassia twig and schizonepetaplus jujube; for example, yin deficiency (sinking pulse weak and small) need to be tonified, because taste belongs to yin, thick taste goes to five zang(solid） organs as well as six fu（hollow） organs, thin taste go to six fu（hollow） organs, smell belongs to yang,strong smell and slight smell go to six fu（hollow） organs, so five zang（solid） organs need thick taste to tonify, six fu（hollow） organs need strong/slight smell and thick/thin taste to tonify. Yin sufficiency(sinked pulse strong and vast) need to be discharged or cleared away, five zang organs sufficiency need to be discharged, six fu（hollow） organs sufficiency need to be cleared away, because internal organs are divided intoyin and yang in detail further more, “yang is intangible, yin is tangible”， six fu organs are hollow which belong to yang, once owning yang strength, large intestine, small intestine, stomach could finish peristalsisdigestion, gallbladder could jet bile and urinary bladder could jet urine，six fu（hollow） organs could shrink and expand, some tangible thing in and out continuously, for example, stomach and intestines stockpile foodand water, before eating stomach is empty and intestines full, after eating stomach full and intestines empty, before eating gallbladder stockpiles bile, after eating bile goes to duodenum to help digestion, urinary bladderstockpiles urine, before drinking urinary bladder is empty, after drinking urine leaves. Hollow means six fu organs does not need anything to stay inside, anything stop long inside fu organs is already pathogen cell, Huangdiinternal classics mentioned “pathogen rebundant means sufficiency”so six fu（hollow） organs sufficiency need to be cleared away by bitter medicines，for example, gallbladder apply bitter radix bupleuri, intestinesand stomach apply bitter rhubarb, immature bitter orange and radix bupleuri. sanjiao and special fu organs apply bitter radix paeoniae alba, urinary bladder apply bitter peach kernel and rhubarb, because bitter means downward, so bitter could clear away pathogen cell from fu(hollow) organs. Because smell go to energy of six fu（hollow） organs, taste go to flesh of six fu（hollow） organs, so sixfu（hollow） organs sufficiency need strong/slight smell & thick/thin taste of bitter medicines to clear, it depends on state of illness, such as cold disease of six fu（hollow） organs sufficiency need slight smelland thin taste of bitter and warm medicine, such as fructus evodiae, ginger and purple perilla, hot disease of six fu（hollow） organs sufficiency need slight smell and thin taste of bitter and cold medicine, such as duckweed,mint, selfheal, fructus gardeniae, for example, slight smell and thin taste of bitter pulsatilla chinensis cures hot dysentery, six fu（hollow） organs serious obstruction need strong smell and thick taste of bitter medicinesto clear rudely as purgation, for example, apply rhubarb and monkshood to clear for cold disease, apply rhubarb and immature bitter orange to clear for hot disease, sometimes apply slight smell and thin taste of fierce andtough medicines to clear such as euphorbia kansui liou, lilac daphne flower bud，sometimes apply strong smell and thick tatste of fierce and tough medicine such as croton tiglium, six fu（hollow） organs slight obstructionneed slight smell and thin taste medicines to clear carefully, for example, pinellia ternata and mangnolia officinalis clears phlegm, poria cocos clears dampness, chicken gizzard-membrane clears indigestible materials, rhizomacyperi and old dried orange peel regulates flow of vigour inside and removes obstruction, honeysuckle flower clears hot, scaphium scaphigerum clears intestines and helps purgation, salvia miltiorrhiza clears blood stasis,radix clematidis clears wind and dampness, Six fu（hollow） organs deficiency need to be tonified both smell and taste, for example, cold disease of six fu（hollow） organs deficiency need strong smell and thick tastesuch as ligusticum chuanxiong hort, angelica sinensis and prepared rehmannia, sometimes apply strong smell and thick taste such as fructus amomi, amomum cardamomum, antler tablet,korea ginseng. sometimes apply slight smell& thin taste such as purple perilla, fresh ginger, codonopsis pilosula and astragalus membranaceus, hot disease of six fu（hollow） organs need strong smell and thick taste such as artemisia apiacea and root of rehmannia, sometimes apply slight smell and thintaste such as mint, root of kudzu vine,radix glehniae and radix ophiopogonis. Five zang organs are solid which belong to yin, five zang（solid） organs stockpile intangible vigour, excessive vigour need to be discharged,inadequate vigour need to be tonified, solid means there is tangible thing to gather together, so five zang（solid） organs are easy to accumulate something ， “pathogen rebundant means sufficiency, discharge it if sufficient,vigour being taken away means deficiency, tonify it if deficient” ,taste belongs to yin, thick taste medicines go to five zang（solid） organs, so sufficiency and deficiency of five zang（solid） organs need to be discharged or tonified by thick taste of sour, bitter, sweet, pungent and salty.

11-3.how to cure sanjiao organ

 Except five zang（solid） organs and five fu（hollow） organs, people has another big fu organ called sanjiao, so people has totally five zang（solid） organs and six fu（hollow） organs inside body, Nan classics mentioned “sanjiao is channel of grains, water and qi”, yang is intangible and yin is tangible,so yang of sanjiao is responsible for conveying water, grains and qi to and fro, yin of sanjiao is tangible tissue and cavity, cavity is invisible in body trunk but it exists, for example, cavity becomes small if exhale, cavitybecomes big if inhale. Weasand, throat, esophagus, greater omenta which connects zang（solid） and fu（hollow） organs, pleura, diaphragm, pancreas, thyroid, prostate, tonsil, vermix all belong to sanjiao, huangdi internal classics mentioned “kidney corresponds to sanjiao andurinary bladder”, so solid yin therapy is same as kidney, hollow yang therapy is same as five fu（hollow） organs, for example, pancreas disease and prostate disease is treated like kidney, throat and vermix disease is treated like six fu（hollow） organs，let us lookat dahuang danpi decoction recorded in Shanghan book, prescription construction is to apply slight smell root bark of peony tree and thin taste of bitter ruhbarb and peach kernel to disperse and clear pathogen cell for bittermeans downward, meanwhile mirabilite tastes salty which could soften stiff lump, seed of Chinese waxgourd is to expel pus, so dahuang danpi decoction cures six fu（hollow） organs hot disease of sufficiency.

11-4.how to cure special fu organs

 There are special fu organs, Huangdi internal classcis mentioned “brains, marrow, bone, venation, gallbladder, uterus & ovary, they hide insideyin, they do not need to discharged, they are called special fu organs”, it means: brain marrow, spinal marrow, bone marrow, venation(include blood vessel and lymph), bile duct, uterus & ovary, they hide in interioras if hide underground, for “pure yang means heaven, dirty yin means ground” they could also shrink and expand, they belong to yang as well as six fu（hollow） organs, but they are intricate and twine of special fu organs,their function is conveying, for example, brain marrow and spinal marrow are central nervous system, outside and inside environmental stimulation is conveyed to brains by nerve which cause sense, then brains integrate allof information and convey instruction by nerve to arms, legs and body trunk, for example, ovary conveys ovum, bile duct conveys bile, although different fu organ convey different thing, but conveying function never changes,Huangdi internal classics told us that do not discharge special fu organs, because they only convey instead of stockpile which is different from zang（solid） and fu（hollow） organs, so therapy of special fu organs isto apply strong smell and slight smell & thin taste instead of thick taste, for example, cold disease of deficiency need strong smell to tonify energy and slight smell & thin taste to tonify body shape, such as cassiatwig, dried ginger, sichuan wild pepper, ginger, codonopsis pilosula, radix astragali, cold disease of sufficiency need strong smell and sweet to disperse, meanwhile apply slight smell and thin taste of bitter to clear, suchas cassia twig, dried ginger, sichuan wild pepper, jujube, ginger and radix paeoniae alba. hot disease of deficiency need duckweed, mint, radix glehniae, radix ophiopogonis,hot disease of sufficiency need duckweed, mint,jujube, selfheal, fructus gardeniae.

11-5.discrepancy of medications

 Everyone is individual, so medicines are different for different people, moistening property medicine for dry body and dry property medicine for humid body, for example, gentiana scabra bunge clears dampness while anemarrhenae moisten fu（hollow）organ although both are cold and bitter medicine. “cold medicine for hot disease, hot medicine for cold disease”, for example, pulsatilla chinensis is cold while fructus evodiae is hot although both are bitter. Apply medicinesaccording to state of illness, for example, yang sufficiency need to be dispersed, apply cassia twig for serious cold and apply schizonepeta for slight cold although they are both pungent smell and hot, because cassia twigis much hotter than schizonepeta. Improper treatment makes disease worse, for example, kidney deficiency need to be tonified by bitter, you take for granted to apply bitter gourd to tonify kidney, but bitter gourd is thintaste which goes into six fu（hollow） organs not to five zang（solid） organs, so its useless if you apply bitter gourd, actually you should tonify kidney by thick taste and bitter such as monkshood and coptis. for example,if stomach deficiency of cold disease has symptom of abdominal distension, you think to apply old dried orange peel and immature bitter orange to regulate vital energy and remove obstruction, but old dried orange peel andimmature orange is bitter which is applied for sufficiency, so patient suffers more if you apply it, at that time tonify means unobstructed, actually you need to apply smell and taste to tonify simultaneously, such as fructus amomiand amomum cardamomum, korea ginseng and antler tablet. Ancient prescriptions recorded in Shanghan & Jinkui books discuss mainly yin, yang, deficiency, sufficiency, cold and hot, for example, wuzhuyu decoction cures colddisease of six fu（hollow） organs sufficiency, dajianzhong decoction cures cold disease of zang（solid） and fu（hollow） organs deficiency, baihu decoction cures hot disease of six fu（hollow） organs sufficiency,symptoms of each people is different once unbalanced, its just like white bone demon change out various strange shape to show you, so yin, yang, deficiency, sufficiency, hot and cold is most important during treatment. Humanbody becoimg more and more far away from balance causes severe illness, however therapy principle is same.

12.judge internal organs disease from pulse and judge hotness and coldness from tongue coating

People have only two kinds of diseases in interior, one is zang organs disease, the other is fu organs disease, zang means five zang（solid） organs, fu means six fu（hollow） organs plus special fu organs，how to judge from pulse whether its zang organs disease or fu organs disease? Nan classics mentioned “fast fu,slow zang, fast hot, slow cold, yang hot, yin cold” it means: pulse beating fast is disease of fu organs, pulse beating slow is disease of zang organs, fast means hot which represents high temperature, slow means cold whichrepresents low temperature, here yang means fu（hollow） organs, here yin means zang（solid） organs, here cold and hot represents different temperature of zang and fu organs, because fu organs temperature is always higherthan zang organs inside human body, because fu organs represent yang and zang organs represent yin, loot at yin yang eight diagrams, yang faces sun represents hot, yin on the opposite side represents cold, Why pulse fast is fu organs disease while pulse slowis zang organs disease？ frequency of healthy people pulse beating and heart beating is synchronous, when one person is excited, agitated or fear from outside and after excercise, heart beating is fast as well as pulse,itmeans temperature of zang organs and fu organs rise at same time, when pathogen cell intrudes exterior such as skin, muscle, arms and legs, person is in high fever, at that time, pulse beating is fast as well as heart beating due to hotness, it means temperature of zang organs and fu organs also rise at same time, when one person is veryquiet or sit in meditation, heart beating is slow as well as pulse beating, it means temperature of zang organs and fu organs fall down at same time, interior zang and fu temperature difference of healthy people is constant forever which represents zang and fu have no disease, once steady state value changes which means temperature differencedeviate from normal, zang and fu are unbalanced, temperature on the higher side is fu organs disease which pulse beats fast, temperature on the lower side is zang organs disease which pulse beats slow, another circumstance is fu temperature is too high while zang temperature is toolow at same time, that means steady state value of zang & fu temperature difference becomes high, such as people feels strangely different temperature inside body, it represents fu organs too hot and zang organs too cold, for example, some people symptom is upper part of the body feels very hot while lower part of thebody feels very cold, then apply hot medicine for zang organs and cold medicine for fu organs such as gypsum and monkshood decocted together, duckweed and dried ginger is also applicable, duckweed is thin taste and cold whichgoes to fu organs while dried ginger is thick taste and hot which goes to zang organs. Under circumstances of no outside stimulation and no pathogen cell into exterior, pulse beating fast only represent fu organs abnormal,pulse beating slow only represent zang organs abnormal, its two different matters with cold and hot disease,for example, pulse beating fast is fu organs disease, maybe its cold disease, or maybe its hot disease. Huangdi internal classics mentioned“apply hot medicines for cold disease, apply cold medicines for hot disease” How to judge cold disease or hot disease? simplest way is to sense by himself whether he fears cold or hot, if hefears cold, he is cold disease, if he fears hot and easily gets inflamed, he is hot disease, cold disease and hot disease have nothing to do with symptom, for example, a high feverperson maybe is cold disease, or maybe is hot disease. Huangdi internal classics mentioned “tongue is flame of heart, tongue vigour shows on face”， as tongue links stomach, so coldness, hotness, dampness of internalorgans could be reflected on tongue coating and face color, white is cold, red and yellow is hot, tongue fat and hydrated means dampness inside, tongue thin means driness, because fire means hot, flame is red and yellow, icy snow means cold, snow color is white, soaked in water means big volume, dry means small volume. Food and water residue excrete out through intestinesand urinary bladder, temperature of urine and excretion is same as fu organs，so cold and hot of six fu organs could be judged from them, urine hot, urine little, urine color deep yellow means heat, urine cold, urine many, urine color thin white means cold, excrement dry, excrement little, dysentery stink means heat, excrement dilute,excrement much, dysentery not stink means cold, its physics change of cold and heating of urine and excrement. There is another rare special cases, Huangdi internal classics mentioned “extreme cold generates hot, extremehot generates cold”, when people is extremely cold, then hot symptoms appear, at that time you need not to apply cold medicines as here hot is false, for example, people face red and he fears hot badly, but he becomes much more hotwhen you apply cold medicines, that means extreme cold generates hot, you should still apply very hot medicines such as ephedra, monkshood and asarum，only large dosage of dried ginger is also applicable, dried ginger isvery hot having strong smell and thick taste.

13.cure wind, coldness, driness,hotness and dampness

 How does huangdi internal classics cure those people who is invaded by wind, cold, dry, hot, fire, dampness?

1) “wind in body, cure by pungent and cool, by bitter, sweet” wind character is very fast and wander in everywhere, so cure by sweet to slow wind speed,to disperse wind by pungent, wind goes into sufficient body will become hot wind, so cure by cool medicine. Main medicine is pungent and cool, assist medicine is bitter, sweet.

2) “hot in body, cure by salty and cold, by sweet, bitter, sour ” ancient people found that seawater did not freeze in winter even if river had frozen, that means seawater ismore cold-resistent than ice, seawater is colder than ice representing coldest, seawater is salty, so cure by salty to dispel hot, apply cold medicine to neutralize hot, apply sweet to slow it, apply bitter to let it fall down, apply sour to neutralize hot, because metal touches ice-cold, metal tastes sour. Main medicine is salty andcold, assist medicine is sweet, bitter, sour.

3) “dampness in body, cure by bitter and hot, by sour, tasteless” apply hot to gasify dampness, apply bitter to absorb moisture for bitter means dry, apply sour to volatilizedampness like vinegar, apply tasteless to permeate dampness to excrete out of body through urine. Main medicine is bitter and hot, assist medicine is sour,tasteless.

4) “fire in body, cure by salty and cold, by bitter, pungent, sour” a little of fire sparklet could set prairie ablaze, so put tinder into metal can, its not to preserve thembut shut metal lid, airtight tinder will extinguish automatically if without air, metal tastes sour, so apply sour to deal with fire, apply salty and cold to diepel hot, apply pungent to disperse fire, apply bitter to letflame stiff, the more stiffer flame is, the smaller fire becomes. Main medicine is salty and cold, assist medicine is bitter, pungent, sour.

5) “dry in body, cure by bitter and warm, by sweet, pungent” heat it by hot medicine to gasify driness, let dry come out through exterior of upper body,apply pungent to disperse, apply bitter to let dry excrete out of lower body, bitter means downward, apply sweet to slow it. Main medicine is bitter and warm, assist medicine is sweet,pungent.

6) “cold in body, cure by sweet and hot, by salty, bitter, pungent” imagine how to let a piece of ice disappear? heat it by hot medicine, slow it by sweet, soft it by salty,melt it by pungent, make ice water dry by bitter, bitter means dry. Main medicine is sweet and hot, assist medicine is salty, bitter, pungent.

Note: dosage of main medicine is larger than assist medicine.

14.

14-1. usage of guizhi decoction 1

 For example, guizhi decoction(cassia twig, radix paeoniae alba, ginger, jujube, liquorice, hot thin porridge) recorded in Shanghan book is appliedwidely, as pathogen cell diameter is only several micron or much smaller, guizhi decoction may cure disease of leading force of pathogen cell go to exterior and small part of pathogen cell go to sanjiao fu organ, becausemuscle link to sanjiao, small part of pathogen cell is sure to go to sanjiao, floating pulse is still strong and big, its yang sufficiency which need to be dispersed, so apply pungent cassia twig and sweet jujube to go toexterior, “pungent decocting with sweet belong to yang which go to exterior to disperse ”, smell belongs to yang, cassia twig smells pungent, energy of pathogen cell go out from skin pores of peoples upper body, “sourdecocted with bitter belong to yin which go to interior and excrete from peoples lower body” radix paeoniae alba tastes sour and bitter, taste belongs to yin, body shape of pathogen cell go out from anus and genitals ofpeoples lower body. Why hot thin porridge appears here instead of hot water? because thin porridge could increase body fluid, easy to digest, it could be changed to essence of water and grain as soon as it reaches stomach,as qi and blood in body come from essence of water & grain, so its just like to replenish and convey qi and blood into body continuously. Body becomes healthy provided qi and blood is abundant inside, therefore foreignmatter and waste which should not exist inside will be eliminated out of body more quickly, liquorice tastes sweet, tcm mentioned that sweet represents slow, liquorice here is to let pathogen cell to run slowly not so fast.For example, guizhi decoction plus mangnolia officinalis and apricot kernel may cure cough symptom, it because part of pathogen cell intrudes throat of sanjiao. Guizhi decoction also may cure all disease of special fu organssufficiency, the prescription is strong smell plus sweet to disperse and slight smell & thin taste of bitter to clear downward, for example, guizhi decocotion may cure nervous system disease of body stiffness and tic ofarms and legs, sinked pulse strong and vast, such as gualou guizhi decoction which form is guizhi decoction plus trichosanthes root, symptom is sweating whichmeans body fluid lost, such as gegen decoction which form is guizhi decoction plus ephedra and kudzu vine root, symptom is no sweat, ephedra is to open skin pores, kudzu vine root is to increase body fluid. Guizhi decoctionmay cure part of pathogen cell into intestines and stomach such as guizhi decoction plus rhubarb. For hot disease of easily getting inflamed, apply pungent & cold duckweed and mint instead of pungent & hot cassia twig and ginger.

14-2. usage of guizhi decoction 2

 How to cure if pathogen cell only intrudes exterior such as skin, muscle, arms and legs? Huangdi internal classics mentioned “skin and muscle open is cold, thick muscle textureis cold” it means: muscle texture thick means muscle loose which represents skin and muscle is opening, thus wind changes to cold once going into body, cassia twig smells pungent, tcm mentioned that pungent means divergency,cassia twig force is to push outward, radix paeoniae alba tastes sour, tcm mentioned that sour governs contractility, its force is to pull inward, a push and pull will generate bow & arrow tension which makes qi gatheringabundant in body, Nan classics mentioned that blood follows quickly after qi, qi and blood is inseparable, nan classics mentioned that yang is intangible and yin is tangible, cassia twig smells pungent which belongs to yang medicine, so cassia twig goes into qi, radix paeoniae alba tastes sour which belongsto yin medicine, so radix paeoniae alba goes into blood, two medicines of cassia twig and radix paeoniae alba put together will make qi and blood abundant inside body, ginger smells pungent, jujube tastes sweet, tcm mentionedthat pungent mixing with sweet represent dispersing, they also represent yang, so cassia twig mixing with radix peoniae alba could disperse wind, both medicine are hot property which could neutralize cold, thus cold wind in muscleis eliminated out through sweating pores. Guizhi decoction may have wide range of application if people consider its herb property from Shennong herbs classics, it may cure deficient people suffered from many diseases whoseproblem is lack of qi and blood inside body, however this pathogen or only wanders on body surface, or not grown up or unable to invade to inside, so attack is unnecessary, you need to sweat them out only. Qi and blood flowingalong meridians is like invisible natural protective screen, when qi and blood is abundant, protective screen becomes strong, therefore pathogen is unable to invade people. If both floating and sinking pulse are small and weak, that means both exterior and interior are deficient，so both yang and yin need to be tonified, smell belongsto yang, taste belongs to yin, so apply strong smell and thick taste hot medicine to tonify for cold disease, such as prescription of dried ginger monkshood decoction recorded in Shanghan book, for heat disease, you may applypungent smell & cool medicine to tonify such as duckweed, mint, American ginseng, root of rehmannia. How to cure those sufficient people who is invaded by wind? such as floating and sinked pulse are both hard and vast,his symptom is exterior hot and interior hot, Huangdi internal classics mentioned “wind into body, cure by pungent and cold, add bitter taste, slow wind down by sweet, diverge by pungent” you may apply those pungent andcool herbs which goes into exterior, meanwhile you must apply those bitter,thick taste and cold herbs which goes to interior, Huangdi internal classics mentioned “skin and muscle closed means heat and stuffy, fine and closelymuscle texture means heat”, it means: muscle texture fine and skin pores shrink represent skin and muscle closed, it also represents stuffy and heat inside, because heart is a high temperature fire, if heat inside body couldnot be emitted, heat gatheres more and more becoming heat sufficiency, wind which intrudes into body will be assimulated into heat quickly, huangdi internal classics mentioned “heat in body, treat it by salty and cold,by sweet, bitter, sour” you may apply those pungent smell and cool herbs which goes to exterior, meanwhile you must apply those salty and cold herbs which goes to interior. If floating pulse weak and small, apply strong smell and slight smell to tonify yang, “smell belongs to yang” apply cassia twig, ginger and sichuan wild pepper for cold disease, apply duckweed and mint for hot disease.

15. usage of smoked plum decoction and pill

 For example, smoked plum decoction(smoked plum, asarum,dried ginger, coptis, angelica sinensis,processed monkshood, Sichuan wild pepper, cassia twig,ginseng, golden cypress) is a main prescription which could cure disease of foot jueyin liver meridian,there are four kinds of thick taste such as pungent, sour, sweet, bitter, among them, asarum, dried ginger, monkshood, sichuan wild pepper, cassia twig are pungent, smoked plum is sour, angelica sinensis and ginseng is sweet, coptis and golden cypress is bitter,huangdi internal classics mentioned “liver loves to be dispersed, tonify liver by pungent, discharge liver by sour” “discharge its son if sufficiency” “tonify its mother if deficiency” “mother could make sonempty” liver sufficiency therapy is: discharge liver by sour, discharge heart by sweet, because heart is son of liver, liver deficiency therapy is: tonify liver by pungent, tonify kidney by bitter as kidney is mother ofliver. huangdi internal classics mentioned “yang change to qi, yin change to shape” it means yang inside body will change to gasification, while yin inside body will accumulate to become tangible thing, after long courseof disease, there must be something accumulated for its the innermost yin meridian, nan classics mentioned “mother can make son empty”, empty means nothing, so tonify kidney could let lump disappear, kidney is motherof liver, huangdi internal classics mentioned “kidney loves to be hard, tonify kidney by bitter medicine”, so apply the bitterest coptis and golden cypress, very high dosage of coptis applied could let lump disappear,because light dosage is not powerful enough, now we understand that deficiency and sufficiency need to be distinguished, if its sufficient lump of foot jueyin liver meridian, apply smoked plum, angelica sinensis and large dosage of coptis for sufficient people, apply ginseng, asarum, dried ginger, monkshood, sichuan wild pepper, cassia twig, golden cypress for deficient people， Shennong herbs classics recorded that ginseng tonify five zang（solid） organs, so zang（solid） organsdeficiency need ginseng to tonify. If all of medicines are made to pills, smoked coreless plums will be soaked in rice vinegar for 24 hours in advance, mash them after steamed with rice, then wrapped by honey after mixedwith other medicine, pills are made to sized phoenix tree seed to bring ascaris to the lure, patient must drink them by empty stomach, for ascaris eat delicious food at once when hungry, however its too late after it arrivestomach, for they are the bitterest, sourest and most pungency, ascaris escape immediately, it may apply to all of body parasites. If only applied to ascaris, this prescription is just like bombarding mosquitoes with cannon,smoked plum pill seems to expel ascaris on the surface, in fact decoction is the most powerful if without rice and honey, it applies the most fierce medicine to deal with the most severe illness, its far from expelling ascaris.Usually we regard disease as deadly when pathogen cell goes to innermost, however tcm therapy may only be tonifying and discharging.

to be continued