 中英文字幕视频&音频 建议想要提高听力的同学可以先听2-3遍音频后再读原文，最后看视频。 📃 文本 Whether you're headed back to school orjust wanting to pick up a new skill like language or an instrument, 不管你是重回学校或者是要开始学习新的语言或是新的乐器， Learning new things is amazing, but isthere a better way to learn something quickly and retain that knowledge? 学习新事物是很新奇的，可是有没有好的方法去更快的学习并记住这些知识呢? First step is, skip the laptop. Though youmight be quicker at typing, writing with pen or paper is the way to go whentaking notes. 第一个步骤，不要用笔电，虽然打字比较快，用笔和纸做笔记还是比较好的。 Not only are there oodles of distractiononline but researchers have found that those who type process the informationat a shallower level. 不只是因为网络上有大量令人分心的东西，研究人员也发现那些打字的人只能较浅层地去处理数据。 As opposed to simply transcribing verbatimre-framing the information into your own words while writing out physicallylinks to better performance on tests. 如果不单单只是逐字逐句地抄写，而是写下自己重新整合的句子，在考试上会有比较好的表现。 And to retain those notes,study-sleep-study. 而为了要记住那些笔记，读书-睡觉-读书。 In a French experiment two groups weretaught this Swahili translation for 16 French words over 2 sessions. 在一个法国的实验中，两组受试者在两个时段中被教导 16 个法文的斯华希里语翻译。 Group 1 studied in the morning then took abreak and studied again in the evening. 第一组在早上学习，然后休息一下，傍晚再继续学。 But group 2 studied in the evening, sleptfor the night and then resumed studying in the morning. 不过第二组是在傍晚学习，睡了一晚，早上再继续学习。 Though there was the same amount of timebetween the 2 study sessions, 虽然两段学习的时间是相同的， The sleep group could recall 10 of the 16words while the no sleep group could only get seven and a half. 睡眠组可以回想起 10 个单字，但没有睡觉的那组只能回想起 16 个单字中的 7.5 个单字。 Learning a new motor skill? Try modifyingyour practice slightly. 正在学习一项新的动作技能吗？试试看一点一点地修改你的练习。 A study of 86 healthy volunteers were askedto learn a computer based motor skill over 2 training sessions. 有一个实验要 86 位健康的志愿者在两段训练时间中学习计算机技能。 One groups's second training session hadthem learn the task in a slightly altered way, 有一组的第二段练习时间中，稍微改变了他们学习的方式， While the other repeated the task with theexact same practice. 而另外一组则是重复一样的练习。 Those who used two different strategiesnearly doubled the speed of accuracy of the task compared to the controlledgroup. 跟对照组比起来，那些接受不同练习的人加快了完成任务的速度与准确性将近两倍。 What is this look like in the real world? 这在现实世界中会是什么样子呢? Say you're perfecting your tennis game, tryswitching between rackets with slightly different weights between sessions. 如果你在加强你的网球技能，试试看在不同的练习使用重量有些微差别的球拍。 However, researchers suggest you don't makethe modification too big. 但是，研究人员建议不要有太大的变化。 For example, switching between tennis andbadminton shows no increase success in tennis. 例如，交替网球拍跟羽毛球拍并不会对学网球有帮助。 Can't focus? Get some exercise. 没办法专心？多做一些运动。 A study found that those who worked out for15 minutes on a stationery bike, 一份研究显示，那些做了 15 分钟室内脚踏车运动的人， And then completed a memory task, completedthe task significantly faster than the group that didn't exercise. 比那些没有做的人更快速地完成记忆力的测试。 Even a quick walk around the back can clearup your mind. 即使只是短暂的在街区走一下也能让你的脑袋清醒。 Trying to memorize the electromagneticspectrum in order of increasing frequency? Who isn't! 想要照频率由小到大记住电磁光谱吗? 谁不是呢? Try an mnemonic device such as an acronymsentence like 'Raging Martians Invaded Venus Using X-ray Guns'. 试试看一个帮助记忆的方法，像是藏头句「愤怒的火星人用X光枪入侵水星」。 This method has been proven in severalstudies as a way of committing information to memory. Why? 很多研究都证实这是牢记信息的一种方法，为什么呢？ Theory suggest that adults can only hold alimited number of times in our short term memory. 理论指出，成人在他们的短期记忆中只能记住有限的东西。 By grouping items into an mnemonic, itallows your brain to hold onto larger amounts of information, 把要记的东西整理成帮助记忆的口角，这让你的大脑可以记住更多的信息， Which can eventually aid into the creationof long term memories. 最终可以帮助形成长期记忆。 And the weirder the sentence is, thebetter. As unique sentences have a higher chance of sticking than boring ones. 句子越奇怪越好，因为奇特的句子会比无聊的句子更有机会被记起来。 And, say it out loud. Test individuals weregiven a list of words where half were read silently and the other half wereread out loud. 大声念出来，一半的受试者默念，另外一半的受试者则是把单字念出来。 When given a new list of words and asked toidentify which ones they had already read previously, 当受试者被给予一张新的单字并被要求辨认哪些单字是之前读过的， They were able to record the words read outloud with significantly more frequency than those read silently. 那些大声念出来的人跟默念的人相比起来，明显的更能回想起这些单字。 Here's a no brainer. Make sure you'rehydrated. 接下来这个步骤就满明显的，确保自己水分补充足够。 In a study where participants fasted andabstained from fluids since the previous evening, 在一项研究中，参与者在前一天晚上开始禁食并且禁止喝任何液体， They were asked to perform on a reactiontest. 他们被要求参加一个反应试验。 One group was given 500 mL of water rightbefore the test while the other group wasn't. 一组在试验前给他们 500 毫升的水，另一组则没有。 The group that was able to hydrate beforethe test obviously performed significantly better 测验前有喝水的那一组明显表现比较好 This is because water helps improve overallmental processing and learning. 这是因为水帮忙改善整体心理的活动与学习。 And after all that hard work, give yourselfa reward. 在努力之后，给自己一个奖励。 One study found that reward motivatedlearning. In this particular study it was monetary compensation. 一项研究发现奖励会激励学习，研究中主要是用金钱奖励。 Led to increase memory formation and thiseffect even increased when the reward was of higher value. 奖励增加了记忆的形成，而且如果奖励的价值越高，学习效果会更好。 This finding highlights how rewardmotivation promotes memory formation, 这个发现显示出增加奖励会促进记忆的组成， Via the release of fewer neurotransmitterdopamine in the hippo-campus prior to learning. 这是从学习前在海马回中释放了较少的神经传递物质多巴胺所得知。 ■ 视频，图片均源于网络，文字来自视频，纯属分享学习。如有侵权立即删除 |
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