独立主格结构的构成方式为:名词普通格或代词主格+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语等.使用独立主格结构是因为出现了与句子主语不一致的情况. 1. 名词或代词+现在分词 现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态.如: The man lay there,his hands trembling. 那个男子躺在那儿,双手在颤抖. 有时,现在分词being或having been在独立主格结构中可以省略.如: The weather (being) fine,we decided to go swimming. 天气晴朗,我们决定去游泳. 2. 名词或代词+过去分词 过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作.如: The girl sat there silent,her head bent low. 这姑娘一声不响,低着头坐在那里. All things considered,her paper is of greater value than yours. 各方面考虑起来,她的论文比你的论文更要有价值一些. 3. 名词或代词+不定式(短语) 不定式表示将来的动作.如: He suggested going for a picnic,Mary to provide the food. 他建议去野餐,由玛丽负责提供食物. Time is pressing,two hours to go only. 时间紧迫,只剩两个小时了. 4. 名词或代词+名词(短语) 如: Many people joined in the work,some of them women and children. 许多人参加了这项工作,其中一些人是妇女和儿童. 5. 名词或代词+形容词(短语) 形容词(短语)说明前面名词或代词的性质或状态.如: The floor wet,we had to stay outside for a while. 地面很湿,我们只好在外面呆一会儿. 6. 名词或代词+副词 副词也多是说明前面名词或代词的状态.如: The meeting over,we all went home. 会议结束了,我们都回家了. 7. 名词或代词+介词短语 如: The teacher came in,a book in his ha |
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