Our university focuses on education, research, innovation and technology.于是,在一些不知道靠什么潜规则走上讲台的老师建议下,为了提高写作分,那就把句子改复杂点吧,于是这句话变成了:Our university focuses on education, research, innovation as well as technology.真的有很多很多的中国人,在写作或口语的时候,都会自然地用 as well as 去代替 and,似乎这样就更加地道和洋气一点。
但是我要告诉你,as well as 绝对不等于 and。(是的,我知道某些字典里写了as well as 就等于 and,如果是这样,那字典是错的,是时候换一本字典了。)
下面来解释。 当 as well as 被当成你脑海里 and 那个意思的时候,其实它的意思更加接近于 「in addition to」 或者 「not only …… but also ……」。 [1] Xiaoming and Lucy will go to Beijing.众所周知,and 是一个并列连词,也就是说它连接的前后两个主体的重要程度是一样的。那么这句话的意思是:小明和露西要去北京。(小明和露西是一样的,同等重要。) [2] Xiaoming, as well as Lucy, will go to Beijing. 翻译成中文,这句话就完全不是 [1] 的意思了,而更加倾向于:你能明显的感受到,这句话里的小明和露西的重要程度就不一样了,意思的重点转移到了小明身上。所以, X as well as Y 绝对不等于 X and Y,而更加倾向于 Not only Y, but also X。(注意,Y 和 X 的位置,重点落在 X 上)你可以这样理解,and 和 as well as 都是连词,但是 and 是并列连词,连接两个对等的主体。而 as well as 属于从属连词,它前面的主体(X)重要性要大于(Y)。Our university focuses on education, research, innovation as well as technology.这句话给老外造成的印象是,你们大学更加着力于 education、research和innovation,对technology的关注要差一点。这显然并不是你起初要表达的四点同等重要的意思。[错误] Chinese language is spoken in China, as well as in some southeast Asia countries. 这句话语法上完全没有错误。但如果你认为 and = as well as,你就不会觉得这句话有问题,于是自然而然理解成:汉语在中国和一些东南亚国家使用。 你多读几遍这句话,能get到我的点了吧??!!你是不是很想反问:那不然呢?汉语本来不就应该在中国使用吗?你是不是搞错重点了??所以 as well as 对于强调重点的不同,导致这句话的逻辑是错的。其实,as well as 对于强调重点的不同,从它的谓语动词单复数上也能看出来。[3] Xiaoming and Lucy want to go to Beijing.注意,and 并列的两个主语,因此谓语动词用复数want,因为它们一样重要啊,主语是复数。 但是如果把 and 换成 as well as,那么谓语动词want的单复数需要和 as well as 前面的那一个主语保持一致。就应该是:[4] Xiaoming, as well as Lucy, wants to go to Beijing.want单复数和as well as前面的主语(Xiaoming)保持一致。从这一点,你也能看出来当用 as well as 时,句子的重点是落在它前面的主语上吧!因为谓语动词完全就是看人下菜碟!来说说当 as well as 被当成你脑海里「and」的那个意思时,它的用法:as well as 可以连接两个名词,比如上面 Our university 和 Xiaoming/Lucy的例子。 as well as 也可以连接形容词或者副词,比如上面 Chinese language的例子,其实就是连接了两个副词(in China和in some Southeast Asia countries)。你也可以写:He is handsome as well as clever. 除了聪明,他还很帅气。 as well as 还可以连接动词,这是最最最最容易犯错的。我教你一个办法,这时候你可以把第二个 as 当成一个介词,介词后面的动词要跟-ing形式。比如 [错误] He runs the company as well as takes care of his family. 因为我们自然而然认为 as well as 前后的动词要保持同样的形式,这样就错了。这里的 as well as = in addition to,所以正确的句子应该是 [正确] He runs the company as well as taking care of his family.
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