指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,作限定词和做代词。 单数 复数 限定词:This girl is Jack. Those women are teachers. 代词: This is Jack. Those are my friendss.
指示代词的句法功能。 1.作主语 This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。 2.作宾语 I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。
3. 作主语补语 My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。
4. 作介词宾语 I don't say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。
说明1:指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。
(正确)This is my teacher. 这是我的老师。( this作主语,指人) (错误)He is going to marry that. (that作宾语时不能指人) 说明2:That和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和 these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有those可指人。
(正确) He admired this which looked beautiful. 他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。 (错误) He admired this who danced well.
(this作宾语时不能指人)
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