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The Shaanxi History Museum Hello, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Shaanxi History Museum. And I am your tour guide ,named Lihua ,you can also call me Alice. First, I want to give you a brief introduction of this museum. Shaanxi History Museum is a sizable national museum with a wide range of artifacts. The museum shows a great deal of elegance and originality in style. It was designed by Zhang Jinqiu, a very famous female architect in China. Now we are in the Preface Hall. Here we can see a giant lion and three big pictures. The giant stone walking lion was originally erected in front of Shunling Mausoleum. It represents the cultural exchange between China and other countries. The massive picture shows the surging and roaring Yellow River and the vast Loess Plateau, the habit of Shaanxi residents and the candle of their ancient civilization. Ok, we are going to the first gallery. The first section focuses on the history of the Prehistoric Age. Here is the Liantian Ape-man, the fossil of a human skull in Liantian. It was the earliest known Homo erectus in North Asia. And this is the painted pottery. There are a lot of symbols on the edge of it. Next, we are going to the Zhou Dynasty which was a slave society. The bronze casting technology was in the high period, so we also call it the Bronze Age in Chinese history. The “ding” or tripod, which is a cooking utensil of ancient times, is the symbol of power and rank. Divination had to be practiced for all major activities at that time. A record of the divination results was carved onto the tortoise-shell or animal bone, which formed China’s earliest written script, known as “oracle bone inscription”.Here we can also see some other artifacts, like the Chime Bell, wine vessels. And next, let’s come to the Qin Dynasty. Agriculture was integral to the economy of the Qin state. The iron implements unearthed from the site indecate that iron wares widely used instead of bronze wares. Here we see a tiger tally（虎符）. The body of it can be divided into two halves. The left was held by the general while the right was held by the Emperor. When both pieces were matched together, the general was allowed to move the army. We can also see a bronze sword which keeps its sharpness and glitter without a sign of rust after being buried for 2000 years. Well, then, we come to the Han Dynasty. This is a very important historical stage in China’s history. The Han nationality was officially formed during this period. So did the languages. The Han city of Chang’an was the first international metropolis in Chinese history. The Han Dynasty also paid great attentions to agriculture and animal husbandry. Here, we can see a national treasure---a Jade Seal(皇后玉玺). This one belonged to a queen in Han Dynasty,called LvZhi, she was a very powerful woman at that time. And the gold and silver censer is another national treasure. Well, This lamp was very famous in Han Dynasty. At that time people lit an oil light on the round part. The smoke would collect in the stem and then would be filtered in the water filled body. Next, we come to the Wei, the Jin, the South and North Dynasties. It was the most turbulent period in ancient times. There were wars of unification and national division. This multifaceted seal is made of jet, and there are 26 faces all together. The owner of it was Du guxin. His three daughters were respectively married to three emperors. Therefore, people call him as the first father in law in ancient China. We will go to the third gallery of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The Sui and Tang Dynasties was a period when China’s feudal society was at the height of its power and splendor. It also marked a golden era in the history of Shaanxi. The Sui Dynasty was a very short period, but it made a strong base for the development of the Tang Dynasty. Compared with other dynasties, the Tang Dynasty got high marks for its economy, politics, and culture and so on. So next we will see some handicrafts of the Tang Dynasty. Here is the Tang tri-colored glazed Pottery, which brought Chinese pottery craft into a new stage. And one of the best qualities of national treasure is this Lotus-flower design golden-bowl. There are many design cuts on back of the lotus, such as dragon, phoenix, and deer and so on. It shows us the royal technology was very high. Well, this is a fresco, called “Chinese Officials and Foreign Envoys”. It shows the active exchange of friendly and diplomatic visit between China and other countries during the Tang Dynasty. Ok, ladies and gentlemen, here is a national treasure and is a symbol of our museum ---the Ox-headed Agate Cup. It was made out of one whole piece of agate. This one is one of the most valuable national treasures in our museum. And in the end, let’s come to the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Since the song dynasty, Xi’an is no longer the capital but still very important. Here is a national treasure---the Green Glazed Bottom of the Song Dynasty. This kettle is not only beautiful,but also has a principle of the pot bottom. Ok, everyone! So much for this today! We still have some free time. So next, you can look around and take some pictures. We’ll leave at 2 o’clock, so please do not be late. And I’ll stay here, if you have any question, please ask me. By the way, watch your step please! So next, it’s your turn. Thank you for listening. 陕西历史博物馆您好，女士们，先生们，欢迎来到陕西历史博物馆。 我是你的导游，叫李华，你也可以叫我李道。 首先，我想给你介绍一下这个博物馆。 陕西历史博物馆是一个规模庞大的国家博物馆，有各种各样的文物。 博物馆在风格上表现出了许多优雅和独创性。 它是由中国著名的女建筑师张金秋设计的。 现在我们在序言大厅。 在这里我们可以看到一只巨大的狮子和三幅大画。 这只巨大的石头行走的狮子最初是在顺陵前竖立起来的。 它代表着中国与其他国家的文化交流。 这幅巨幅描绘的是汹涌澎湃的黄河和广阔的黄土高原，陕西居民的习惯和他们古代文明的蜡烛。 好的，我们要去第一个画廊。 第一部分重点讨论了史前历史。 这是李昂提亚人，是李昂提人头骨的化石。 它是北美最早的直立人。 这是彩陶。 它的边缘有很多符号。 接下来，我们将去一个奴隶社会的周朝。 青铜铸造技术处于鼎盛时期，我们也称之为中国历史上的青铜时代。 “鼎”或“三脚架”是古代的烹饪器具，是权力和等级的象征。 在那个时候，所有主要活动都必须进行占卜。 在龟壳或动物骨上雕刻了占卜结果的记录，形成了中国最早的书面文字，称为“甲骨文”。 在这里我们还可以看到一些其他的工艺品，比如编钟，酒瓶。 接下来，让我们来到秦朝。 农业是秦国经济的组成部分。 从现场出土的铁器被广泛使用而不是青铜器。 在这里我们看到了老虎的数量。 它的身体可以分为两半。 左边是将军的，右边是皇帝的。 当这两件事被搭配在一起时，将军被允许转移军队。 我们还可以看到一把青铜剑，它在被埋了2000年之后，保持了锋利和闪光，没有生锈的迹象。 那么，我们来到汉朝。 这是中国历史上一个非常重要的历史阶段。 汉族在此期间正式形成。 语言也是如此。 汉城长安是中国历史上第一个国际大都市。 汉代对农牧业也十分重视。 在这里，我们可以看到一个国家的宝藏——一只玉玺(玉印)。 这是汉代的一个王后，名叫绿之，当时她是一个非常有权势的女人。 金银香炉是另一种国宝。 嗯，这盏灯在汉代很有名。 当时人们在圆形的地方点燃了一盏油灯。 烟雾会在阀杆中积聚，然后在充满水的身体中被过滤。 接下来，我们来到魏晋南北朝。 这是古代最动荡的时期。 有统一战争和国家分裂战争。 这个多面密封是由喷气制成的，总共有26张脸。 它的主人是杜谷新。 他的三个女儿分别嫁给了三位皇帝。 因此，人们称他为中国古代法律上的第一位父亲。 我们将去隋唐的第三个画廊。 隋唐时期是中国封建社会处于权力和辉煌的鼎盛时期。 它也标志着陕西历史上的黄金时代。 隋朝是一个非常短的时期，但它为唐朝的发展奠定了坚实的基础。 与其他朝代相比，唐代的经济、政治、文化等都受到了很高的评价。 接下来我们将看到一些唐代的手工艺品。 这是唐三彩陶器，它把中国陶器带入了一个新的阶段。 国宝的最佳品质之一是这个莲花设计的金碗。 荷花的背面有许多设计上的切割，如龙、凤、鹿等。 它向我们展示了皇家技术非常高。 这是一幅壁画，被称为“中国官员和外国特使”。 它展示了唐代期间中国与其他国家的友好外交访问。 好了，女士们，先生们，这是一个国家的宝藏，是我们博物馆的象征——牛头玛瑙杯。 它是用一整块玛瑙制成的。 这是我们博物馆最有价值的国宝之一。 最后，让我们来看看宋元、明清两代。 自宋代以来，西安已不再是首都，但仍然非常重要。 这是一个国家的宝藏——宋代的绿色釉底。 这个水壶不仅漂亮，而且有锅底的原则。 好了，大家好！ 今天就讲到这里! 我们还有一些空闲时间。 接下来，你可以四处看看，拍一些照片。 我们两点钟离开，所以请不要迟到。 如果你有任何问题，请问我。 顺便问一下，请注意你的脚步! 接下来，轮到你了。 谢谢你的聆听。 |
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