 I． 要点表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。 １、 虚拟语气的构成 注：如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had, should, could有时可将if省去, 但要倒装。如： Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party. ２、 虚拟语气在各种从句的应用（１） 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是'should(可省) ＋动词原形'，常用于以下三种句型中。句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that… 如：It is strange that he (should) have done that. It is a pity that he (should) be so careless. It is requested that we (should) be so careless. （２） 在宾语从句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等动词后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是'(should)+动词原形'。如：I suggest that we (should) go swimming. （３） 在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是'(should)＋动词原形'。如：His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once. （４） 在同位语从句中，谓语形式是'(should)＋动词原形'。如：We received order that the work be done at once. （５） 在It is time that…句型中，其谓语动词形式是'动词的过去式'或 'should ＋动词原形',should不可省。如：It's time (that) we went ( should go) to school. II． 例题例１ We had hoped that he ____ longer. A. stays B. have stayed C. stayed D. would stay 解析：该题正确答案为Ｄ。had hoped表示'本希望'，同样用法的动词还有think, expect等，后面的句子需用虚拟语气 例２ 'Mary wants to see you today'.'I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today.' A .comes B .came C. should come D. will come 解析：该题正确答案为Ｂ。would rather后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表示。 例３ Had she been older, she ____ it better. A had done B might have done C might do D would do 解析：Had she been older = If she had been old. 故该题正确答案为Ｂ。 |
|
|
