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英语语法:6类动词的用法

 英语语法学习 2020-07-10

前几期介绍了英语语法:动词的用法动词的5类分法与用法这一期学习英语语法:6类动词的用法

动词,大多数表示动作,少数表示状态或者心理状况。

例如:walk(走),run(跑),jump(跳),know(知道),love(喜爱)。

重点:动词词形的变化(6类词类变化)

     非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和过去分词)的选择标准

      深刻理解各类动词的特点和应用规律

按词形、结构可以将动词分为6类:

1.原形:

例如:work, laugh, study, do,speak

2.过去式:

原形+ed(规则变化),约200个动词变化不规则。

例如:worked, laughed, studied

     did, spoke, wrote

3.过去分词:

原形+ed(规则变化),约200个动词不规则变化。

例如:worked, laughed, studied

    done, spoken, written

4.动名词:

原形+ing

例如:working,laughing, studying,doing

5.不定式:

to+原形

例如:to speak, to write, to run

6.短语动词:

动词+介词,动词+副词,动词+副词+介词

例如:

  work on研究, look for寻找

  put away收走, put on穿上

  put up with忍受, look up at尊敬

总结:

1)大多数动词(除大约200个不规则动词外)的过去式和过去分词是相同的,都是加ed。

2)原形动词只用于谓语中(省去to的不定式不是原形动词),不能用于谓语外的句子成分中。在谓语外的句子成分中都必须使用三种非谓语动词(不定式、动名词或者过去分词)之一,不能用原形动词。切记!

3)只有谓语中的第一个动词(与第二、第三个无关)有人称、数的词形变化(情态动词例外),在谓语以外的地方用动词不受主语的人称或者数的限制。

4)短语动词应看作一个整体,不能遗漏后部的介词或者副词。

那就是你住的房子?

×Is that the house which you live?

√Is that the house in which you live?

√Is that the house which you live in?

√Is that the house where you live?

5)将-ing式分成动名词和现在分词增加了英语学习者辨别者的负担(有时两者很难辨别),因此,我们主张并称为-ing式。我们只需要弄清楚词的特点和几种不同用法就可以。

感谢阅读!

欢迎转发啊~~~发动大家来做作业,学英语~

英语作业20171119

一、选择括号内适当的单词填空。

9.It ___ (won’t, may not) do to drop out(退出) now.

10.Tom ___ (ought to, can) have arrived now.

11.Who ___ (can,may)  this stone?

12.We had ___ (not better, better not) rely on others.

上一期英语作业20171118考答案:

5.Has

6.not laugh

7.can’t

8.will

、分析句子的英语语法结构,并翻译成中文

Over the Thanksgiving break Congress will have time to start digesting Donald Trump’s plans to implement the largest tax overhaul in a generation. It already has Trump’s critics – and several leading Republicans – reaching for the Tums.  According to the president, the tax plans had some simple aims: to spur business investment by cutting corporate taxes, give middle-class America a tax break and simplify a byzantine tax system. It hasn’t proved quite so simple, or palatable. With two versions of the bill now under discussion in Congress, the final shape of the plan is still unclear but some losers and winners are emerging. The clear winners? Rich people and corporations. The clear losers? Poor people, the vulnerable. And America. 【英语外刊The Guardian

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