 输入关键字"lc"可跳转到该文章. 一、定义 连词是用来连接词与词、词组与词组或句子与句子、表示某种逻辑关系的虚词。连词可以表示的关系有并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等；常见的连词有70个左右，按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。 1.并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，常见的有：and，neither...nor...，either...or...，as well as ，not only ...but also...等； 2.从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等)，常见的有： (1)引导时间状语从句的连词：before,after,when,whenever,while,as,until,till,since,as soon as,hardly...when,no sooner...then,the moment..., the first time...等. (2)引导条件状语从句的连词： if,unless,once,as long as,in case,suppose/supposing, provided/providing等. (3)引导原因状语从句的连词： because,as,since,for等. (4)引导目的状语从句的连词： in order to,so that,to等. (5)引导让步状语从句的连词： though,although,even if=even though等. (6)引导结果状语从句的连词： so that,so…that,such…that等. (7)引导比较状语从句的连词： as…as,than等. (8)引导名词从句的连词： if ,that,whether,what,whatever,who,whoever,whom等. 二、并列连词的用法 1. 表转折关系的主要有 but, yet 等。如： but：I lost my wallet, but I don't know where I lost it. 我弄丢了钱包，但是我不知道在哪丢的。 yet：The fund is used to help the poor，yet nobody gets a little. 这笔钱是用来救济穷人的，然而没有人得到一点钱。 2. 表因果关系的主要有 for, so 等。如： so：I was robbed when travelling, so I turned to the local police for help. 我在旅游时被打劫了，所以我向当地警察求救。 for：Nobody else could help you , for this trouble was made by yourself. 其他人不会帮助你的，因为这是你自己惹的麻烦。 注意：for引导的并列句只能放在句尾，且不能单独使用。 3. 表并列关系的主要有and , or , either…or, neither…nor, not only…but(also) , both…and, as well as 等。如： and：You and me are both the competitive candicates for this position. 你我都是这个的有竞争力的候选人。 or：You may pay by cash or credit. 你可以用现金或是信用卡支付。 either...or：It's not proper to drink either beer or milk when you're very hungry. 非常饿时喝酒或是牛奶都是不合适的。 neither...nor：I just finished the job at the right time, neither too early nor too late. 我刚好完成任务，不会太早，也不会太晚。 not only...but also：They not only talked but also shouted and laughed. 他们不只谈话，而且喊叫大笑。 both...and：Both mouse and keyboard are necessary for a computer. 一台电脑不能缺少键盘和鼠标。 as well as ：A teacher should entertain as well as teach. 教师不仅要教书，也要激起学生的兴趣。 三、从属连词的用法 1. 引导时间状语从句的 (1) 表“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词主要有：when, while, as, whenever。如： when：I was shocked when I opened the box. 打开箱子时我震惊了。 while：Don't watch your ipad while eating. 吃饭时不要看你的Ipad. as：He said nothing as he passed by. 从我身边经过时，他什么都没说 。 (2) 表“在…之前(或之后)”的时间连词主要有：before,after。如： before：Don't believe somebody easily before you know him well. 在充分认识某人之前不要轻易相信他。 afer ：After he is badly blamed, he makes his decision to study hard. 被骂得狗血淋头后，他下定决心好好学习。 (3) 表“自从”或“直到”的时间连词主要有：since,until, till。如： since：The new camera has been popular with the youth since its release. 这款新的相机一上市就受年轻人的喜欢。 until：Don't get away until you confirm the transfer . 确认转账成功前请不要离开。 till：I hadn't left home till I was eighteen. 直到18岁我才离开家。 (4) 表“一…就”的时间连词主要有：as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately,directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than,hardly…when等。如： as soon as：I will call you as soon as I hear from the boss. 我一接到老板的信就打电话你。 the moment：The moment I saw him, I knew that he was angry with me. 我一见到他，就知道他在生我的气。 the minute：I wanted to call at him the minute he arrived . 我刚要打电话给他,他就来了。 the second：The policeman caught the thief the second he opened the door. 警察一打开门就逮到了小偷。 the instant：She screamed the instant she saw a snake. 她一看到蛇就尖叫起来了。 immediately：Immediately he had said it, he regretted it. 他一说出口就后悔了。 directly：Directly I stumbled and fell, I got up. 我一被绊倒就起来了。 instantly：I telegraphed instantly I arrived there. 我一到那里就打电报。 once：The door can be automaticlly opened once someone key in the right code. 一旦有人输了正确的密码，这扇门会自动打开。 no sooner...then：The rain came no sooner then I got home. 我一到家，天就开始下雨。 hardly...when：Hardly had the stock opened afternoon, when the index kept on falling. 午后一开盘，股指继续下行。 (5) 表“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。 主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the)next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the)last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如： every time：Every time I see this picture，I feel so dizzy. 每次看到这幅画，我都觉得头晕。 (the)next time：I will not lose such good chance the next time I meet it. 下次我我遇到这么好的机会，我绝不错失它。 any time：You may invite me any time your want to. 你随时都可以邀请我。 last time：I was so sorry to blame you last time you broke my cup. the first time：I felt nervous the first time I gave a public speech. 我第一次当众演讲时感到紧张。 注意：everytime, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the)next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而thefirst time中的冠词通常不能省略。 2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if, unless,as [so] long as, in case 等。如： If：Do you mind if I smoke here? 我在这里抽烟你不介意吧? unless：Don’t call me unless I call you first. 除非我先打电话，否则你别打给我。 as long as：As long as you are beside，I will fear nothing 只要你在我身边，我无所畏惧。 in case：In case the power is off ,they will stay at school. 万一停电，他们就呆在学校。 条件状语从句一般用现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。有时表示条件的if之后可能用 will，但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。如： If you will tell us the truth, we will not tell mum this . 如果你能告诉我们事实，我们不会告诉妈妈这件事的。 3. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有:in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如： in order that：I withdrawed two more hundred yuans in order that I should buy the CD player. 我多取了两百好让自己可以买这个CD播放器。 so that：I folded the letter so that it would fit into my bag. 我把信折起来以便可以撞到我的包里。 for fear：She is now studying for fear that she（should）fail in English． 她现在很勤奋，生怕英语不及格。 4. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要的有so that, so…that,such…that等。如： so that：I bought the ticket half a month ago so that I got a good seat. 我半月前就买票，所以买到了一个好座位。 so..that：I had so much troubles that i always blame others. 我有很多麻烦，所以老是失口骂人。 such...that：I installed two operating systems in such a computer with low configurations that it crashed. 我在配置低的电脑上装了2个操作系统，结果电脑死机了。 5. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有：because, as,since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。如： because：He never assigned me important jobs because I was new . 他从来不分配重要的工作给我，因为我是新来的。 as：As you realize you're uncivilized ，I’ll forgive you. this time. 既然意识到你自己的不文明，我这次就原谅你。 since：Since I didn't come eary, I missed the morning report. 由于我没及时来，错过了晨报。 seeing：Seeing that It rains， the outside exercise will be canceled. 因为下雨了，户外训练将被取消。 now：Now that the new road has been ready, we can arrive there earlier. 既然这条新路已经好了，我们可以更快到达那里了。 6. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有：although,though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever,wherever等。如： although：Although we're bothers，we often have a fight. 我们虽然是兄弟，但是经常打架。 though：Though legal, the tactics were questionable. 这些策略尽管合法，却遭到了质疑。 even though：Even though he had achieved some success, he couldn't explain how he did it. 即使他已经有了一些成就，他仍然不能解释他是怎样做到的。 even if：Even if I want to sleep in, I always get up right away. 即使我真的很想再睡会儿，我总是强迫自己立刻起来。 while：John is very dynamic, while Tom is more laid-back. 约翰很有活力，而汤姆却很懒散。 however：However hot it is, he will not take off his coat. 无论多热，他也不会脱掉外衣。 whatever：Whatever you do, don't touch that switch. 无论如何也不要碰那个开关。 whoever：Whoever you are, you can't talk like this. 不管你是谁，你都不能那样谈话。 whenever：Whenever I open the window, I see many children play footballs. wherever：Whever you go, don't forget to bring me with you. 无论你去哪里，别忘了带上我。 7. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有：as, as if,as though, the way等。如： as ：I didn't buy the house as the property broker told me to. 我没听房产经纪人的话买那栋房子。 as if：He bragged to his friends as if he had been successful. 他在向朋友吹嘘，好像他已经很成功了。 as though：He said that as though he had seen it. 他说的好像他亲眼看到的一样。 the way：I still remember the way that Mr Wang introduced himself to us.我还记得王老师向我们作自我介绍的那种方式。 8. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有：where,wherever, everywhere等。如： where：The marriage will be held near the hotel where there are many traveler 这次婚姻将在旅客很多的旅馆附近举办。 wherever：I’ll follow you wherever you go. 你走到哪我跟到哪。 everywhere：Everywhere I stay，I meet friendly peoples. 不管我走到哪里，我都遇到好人。 9. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有than和as…as。如： than：She was now more beautiful than she had ever been. 现在她比过去任何时候都漂亮。 as...as：My car is as powerful as yours. 我的车和你的车一样动力很强劲。 10. 引起名词从句的从属连词主要有：that,whether, if 等，它们用于引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中that不仅不充当句子成分，而且没有词义，在句子中只起连接作用；而if, whether 虽不充当句子成分，但有词义，即表示“是否”。如： that：The teacher emphasized that we should be here in time. 老师强调我们要及时到达那里。 whether：I worry about whether he lost his way. 我为他是否迷路了而担心。 if：I wonder if it’s small enough to fit the bag. 我不知道它是否够小来放进这个包。
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