在公众号里输入关键字"yycj"或"英语从句"可跳转到该文章.表语:说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份,说明主语是什么或者怎么样。总之表语是对主语的解释和说明,是主语具体化,并且常与连系动词一起使用。This book looks expensive. ---->形容词做表语 We are Chinese. ---->名词做表语 表语从句:在复合句中作表语的从句,就叫做表语从句。表语从句一般放在系动词之后,结构是“主语 + 系动词 + 表语从句”。 表示持续的系动词(keep, remain, stay)We couldn't keep what we had, but I'll keep you. The mountains and rivers remain as they were before. Go or stay where you are, as you choose. 感官动词feel(摸起来,感觉) , smell(闻起来) , sound(听起来) , taste(尝起来,吃起来) 等You'll feel as if you were at home while here. I could smell that the milk was not fresh. He looked just as if he had looked ten years before. It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. The egg taste as if it has gone bad. 表示变化的系动词(become, grow, turn, fall, get, go)I always believe that you can become what you want to become. 表终止的系动词prove, turn out(结果是,证明是)、seem, appear(看起来...)I always believe that you can become what you want to become. He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 1. 从属连词:that/whether/as if/as though/as/because (1) that引导表语从句本身没有词义,在句中只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。 That fact is that more than seventy percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. 连接词that一般不能省略,但当主句中含动词do的某种形式时,that可以省略。 What I want to do is (that) I can go up to him and thank him. (2) whether引导表语从句表示“是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if 与whether均意为“是否”,但引导表语从句时,只能用whether, 不能用if。The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.(3) as if/though“好像”,引导表语从句时要注意语态。 如果句中的情况与事实不相符,从句多用虚拟语气。如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去式;如果从句表示与过去事实相反时,谓语动词要用“had + 过去分词 ”,如果从句表示将来的可能性不大,用would (might ,could )+动词原形。Li Lei is now in a new jacket. He looks as if he were an American boy.---->与现在事实相反The girl is giving us a vivid description of the moon. It seems as if she had been to the moon many times.---->与过去事实相反那个女孩正在给我们生动地描绘月亮。好像她去过很多次月球似的。It looks as if it might rain.---->与将来事实相反 但是,如果as if/though引导的表语从句所表示的与事实相符,从句则用陈述语气。 The clouds are gathering. It looks as if is going to rain. He looked just as he had looked ten years before. This/That/It is/was because···· That is because I don’t like Chinese. And that is because our economy is in serious, serious trouble. who/whom/whose/what/which/whoever/whatever/whichever/whomever,在表语从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语。 Tom is no longer what he used to be.---->what做表语The problem is who is fit for this job.---->who做主语This is what I want to tell you.---->what做宾语The problem is whose work is the best. ---->whose做定语3. 连接副词:when/where/how/why,在表语从句中做状语。 The question is how he did it. The question is where we can live. 1. reason做主语或主语中包含事件的起因时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that来引导,而不用because;why引导主语从句做主语时,表语从句用that引导,不用because。 The reason is that he got up late. Why he is late is that he got up late. (1) That is why ...是常用句型,其中why引导的从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说过的原因进行总结。That is the reason why ...与That is why ...是同义的,“这就是 ... 的原因/因此 ... ”,但是从语法结构上讲That is the reason why ...中的why引导的是一个定语从句。 That is why she failed to pass the exam.---->why在表语从句中充当原因状语That is the reason why she failed to pass the exam.---->why在定语从句中充当原因状语(2) That is because ...句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语,这也是个常用句型,意为“这就是因为 ...”。 That is because I got up late. (3) “That is because ...”与“That is why ...”之间的不同在于“That is because ...”指原因或理由, “That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果。I was angry. That was because he didn’t understand me.---->表语从句强调原因That’s why he got fired from that firm.---->表语从句强调结果3. The reason (why .../for ...)is/was that ... : ...的原因是... The reason for his absence is that he got up late. The reason why he is absent is that he got up late. 在表示建议、劝告、命令、计划含义的名词后的表语从句,谓语动词需用“should + 动词原形”表示虚拟语气,should可省略。常见的词有:advice,suggestion,order,request,proposal,plan,idea等。 My advice is that we (should) do exercises first. My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.His order is that (should) I go to school. My request is that you ( should) make an apology to your teacher. His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits. Our plan is that we (should) have a sport meet next week. My idea is that he (should) go there at once.
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