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break 相关的短语动词

 外语行天下 2020-07-22

break away (from sb/sth)

1、突然挣脱;逃脱

The prisoner broke away from his guards.

犯人挣脱了看守。

2、脱离,背叛(政党、国家等,尤指再组建新的)

The people of the province wished to break away and form a new state.

该省人民希望分离成立一个新国家。

3、(尤指速度竞赛中)甩掉

She broke away from the pack and opened up a two-second lead.

她甩开所有其他赛跑者,以两秒领先。

break down

1、(机器或车辆) 出故障;坏掉

The telephone system has broken down.

电话系统瘫痪了。

We (= the car) broke down on the freeway.

我们的车在高速公路上抛锚了。

2、失败

Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.

双方谈判失败了。

3、被搞垮;垮掉

Her health broke down under the pressure of work.

她因工作压力身体垮掉了。

4、情不自禁地哭起来

He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

听到这个消息,他不禁失声痛哭。

5、划成部分(以便分析)

Expenditure on the project breaks down as follows: wages $10m, plant $4m, raw materials $5m.

这项工程的支出费用分项列明如下:工资1 000万元,设备400万元,原料500万元。

break sth down

1、打倒,砸破(某物)

Firefighters had to break the door down to reach the people trapped inside.

消防队员不得不破门而入,解救困在里面的人。

2、破坏,消除(尤指某种感情或态度)

to break down resistance/opposition

瓦解抵抗 / 反对

to break down sb's reserve/shyness

驱除某人的矜持 / 胆怯

Attempts must be made to break down the barriers of fear and hostility which divide the two communities.

必须设法消除造成这两个团体不和的恐惧和敌意。

3、把…分类;划分

Break your expenditure down into bills, food and other.

把支出费用按账单、食物及其他分类列明。

Each lesson is broken down into several units.

每一课都分成几部分。

4、使分解(为);使变化(成)

Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.

糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。

break for sth    (试图逃脱时)突然冲向;向…挣脱

She had to hold him back as he tried to break for the door.

他试图向门口逃去,她只好拉住他。

break in    强行进入;破门而入

Burglars had broken in while we were away.

我们不在家时,窃贼闯进屋里了。

break sb/sth in

1、训练某人 / 某物;培训

to break in new recruits

训练新成员

The young horse was not yet broken in .

那匹刚长成的马还没被驯服。

2、把…穿得合身,使舒适自如(尤指新鞋)

The band are breaking in a new backing vocalist.

乐队在帮一名新的后备主唱进行磨合和适应。

break in (on sth)    打断;搅扰

She longed to break in on their conversation but didn't want to appear rude.

她很想打断他们的谈话,但又不愿显得粗鲁。

'I didn't do it!’ she broke in.

“不是我干的!”她插嘴说。

break into sth

1、强行闯入;撬开(汽车等)

We had our car broken into last week.

我们的车上周被撬了。

2、突然开始(笑、唱等)

As the President's car drew up, the crowd broke into loud applause.

总统的座车停下时,人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。

3、突然开始(跑);开始快跑

He broke into a run when he saw the police.

他看见警察,撒腿就跑。

Her horse broke into a trot.

她的马突然开始加速小跑。

4、找开(大面值钞票买小额商品)

I had to break into a £20 to pay the bus fare.

我只好找开一张20英镑的钞票买车票。

5、启用(应急备用品)

They had to break into the emergency food supplies.

他们不得不动用应急食物。

6、成功参与;顺利打入

The company is having difficulty breaking into new markets.

该公司在打入新市场时遇到困难。

break off

1、断开;折断

The back section of the plane had broken off.

飞机尾部脱落了。

2、停顿;中断

He broke off in the middle of a sentence.

他一句话说了一半就不说了。

break sth off

1、使折断

She broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.

她掰了一块巧克力给我。

2、突然终止

Britain threatened to break off diplomatic relations.

英国威胁说要断绝外交关系。

They've broken off their engagement.

他们突然解除了婚约。

break out    (战争、打斗等不愉快事件) 突然开始;爆发

They had escaped to America shortly before war broke out in 1939.

1939年战争爆发前不久他们逃到了美国。

Fighting had broken out between rival groups of fans.

双方球迷发生了打斗。

Fire broke out during the night.

夜间突然发生了火灾。

break out (of sth)    逃离(某地);摆脱(某状况)

Several prisoners broke out of the jail.

几名囚犯越狱了。

She needed to break out of her daily routine and do something exciting.

她需要从日常事务中解脱出来,找点有意思的事做。

break out in sth    突被布满某物

Her face broke out in a rash.

她脸上突然长出一片红疹。

He broke out in a cold sweat .

他突然冒出一身冷汗。

break through    作出新的重大发现;取得突破

Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.

科学家认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有所突破。

break through | break through sth

1、冲破;突破

Demonstrators broke through the police cordon.

示威群众冲破了警方的警戒线。

2、(太阳或月亮) 从云层后露出

The sun broke through at last in the afternoon.

下午太阳终于拨云而出。

break through sth    克服;战胜

He had finally managed to break through her reserve.

他终于设法战胜了她的矜持。

break up

1、粉碎;破碎

The ship broke up on the rocks.

船触礁撞碎了。

2、结束

Their marriage has broken up.

他们的婚姻已经破裂。

3、散开;解散

The meeting broke up at eleven o'clock.

会议在十一点散会。

4、(学校)期终放假

When do you break up for Christmas?

你们什么时候放假过圣诞节?

5、变得虚弱;垮掉

He was breaking up under the strain.

过度的劳累使他快要垮了。

6、捧腹大笑

Woody Allen makes me just break up.

伍迪∙艾伦令我几乎笑破肚皮。

7、(打移动电话的人)声音不清(因信号受干扰)

The line's gone; I think you're breaking up.

掉线了;我听不清你说什么。

break sth up

1、拆开;打散

The ship was broken up for scrap metal.

船被拆解成为废铁。

Sentences can be broken up into clauses.

句子可以分成从句。

2、结束(关系等);关闭(公司等)

They decided to break up the partnership.

他们决定拆伙。

3、(尤指用武力)迫使放弃(某事)

Police were called in to break up the fight.

有人叫来了警察制止打斗。

break up (with sb)    (同某人)绝交

She's just broken up with her boyfriend.

她刚刚和男朋友分手。

break with sth    和某事终止关联;破除

It's not easy to break with old habits, for they die hard. 

改掉旧习惯很不容易,因为它很顽固。

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