|
考研英语系列 20170904 一、碎片化单词学习 luxury [ˈlʌkʃəri] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 n. very great comfort and pleasure, such as you get from expensive food, beautiful houses, cars, etc. 豪华，奢侈；奢侈品 记 词根记忆：lux(=light，光，照)+ ury→光彩照人→奢华 例 In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers).[2005 阅读 Text 1] 在卷尾猴的世界里，葡萄是奢侈品(比黄瓜受欢迎得多)。 派 luxurious ( a.奢侈的；丰富的) 同 extravagance ( n.铺张浪费) || lavishness ( n.奢侈；浪费) spur [spɜːr] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 vt. to encourage sb. or make them want to do sth. 刺激；鞭策 n. 刺激因素 例 They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. [2008 阅读 Text 4] 他们多半是受了 1998 年 DNA 证据事件的影响，该事件几乎可以肯定地证明托马斯·杰斐逊至少和他的奴隶萨利·赫明思生过一个孩子。 同 stimulate ( vt.刺激，激励) manufacture[ˌmænjuˈfæktʃər] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 vt. to invent an untrue story, excuse, etc. 虚构，捏造；成批制造，大量生产 n.大量制造；批量生产 记 词根记忆：manu(=hand手)+fact(做)+ure→用手做→制造，加工 例 Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties—he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. [2006 翻译] 像其他人一样，他在日常工作中也会遭遇道德问题，比方说，他不应该伪造实验结果、捏造证据，或编造报告。 派 manufacturer ( n.制造商，厂商) 同 produce ( v.生产) 辨 manufacture 一般指机器大量制造产品。 ● produce 多指生产农产品(尤指蔬菜、水果等)。 erroneous [ɪˈroʊniəs] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 a. not correct, based on wrong information 错误的，不正确的 例 Allen\\'s contribution was to take an assumption we all share—that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts—and reveal its erroneous nature. [2011 翻译] 艾伦的贡献在于他拿出“我们并非机器人，因此能掌控自己的思想”这一公认的假设，并揭示了其谬误所在。 同 false ( a.虚假的；错误的) || wrong ( a.错误的；不正当的) 辨 erroneous 强调与事实相悖，多是无心之失。 ● false 表示所说的或所想的与实际情况不相符，含有假冒、欺骗之嫌。 ● wrong 除了表示与事实不符以外，还可指与道德、权益相悖的事。 vivid [ˈvɪvɪd] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 a.vivid memories, dreams, descriptions, etc.are so clear that they seem real (记忆、描述等)清晰的；生动的；鲜明的 记 词根记忆：viv(=live，生存)+id→生存的→生动的 例 The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep—when most vivid dreams occur—as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.[2005 阅读 Text 3] 匹兹堡大学的艾瑞克·诺夫辛格博士指出：人脑在快速眼动睡眠时(大多数清晰的梦境出现时)与清醒时同样活跃。 派 vividly ( ad.生动地；逼真地) || vividness ( n.生动；逼真) 同 clear ( a.清晰的；清澈的) 二、考研英语每日一句长难句 昨天留的家庭作业: While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations,it is not clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. 【核心词汇】 appropriate [əˈprəʊprɪət] a.合适的 interaction [ˌɪntəˈrækʃən] n.相互影响,相互作用 federal [ˈfedərəl] a.联邦的 regulation [ˌreɡjʊˈleɪʃən] n.规章制度 manufacturer [ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃə] n.制造商 liability [ˌlaɪəˈbɪlətɪ] n.责任,义务;负债 【考点透析】让步状语从句、插入语、形式主语 【结构分析】 While warnings are often appropriate and necessary(让步状语从句)∥— the dangers of drug interactions(插入语),for example —∥and many are required by state or federal regulations(让步状语从句中的并列部分),itisnotclear(主干)∥thattheyactuallyprotect the manufacturers and sellers from liability(真正的主语)∥if a customer is injured(条件状 语从句). 【具体分析】 该句主干是 it is not clear that...,其中 it 是形式主语,后面 that 引导的从句 that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured(当 消费者受伤时,他们能真正保护制造商和销售商使之免于承担责任)才是真正的主语。前面 是 While 引导的让步状语从句,它又包含 and 连接的两个并列分句,即 warnings are often appropriate and necessary(警告常常是合理而必要的)和 many are required by state or federal regulations(很多是州或联邦法规所要求的),而 many 后省略了 warnings;破折号 中间的部分 the dangers of drug interactions,for example(如药物有相互作用的危险)是插 入语,举例说明 warnings。 【技巧点拨】 作为形式主语的 it 并无实际语义,只是为满足语法上的需要,避免句子头重脚 轻,它代替的是句子的真正主语。 【参考译文】虽然警告常常是合理而必要的(如警告药物有相互作用的危险),并且很多是 州或联邦法规所要求的,但是当消费者受伤时,这些警示语能否真正保护制造商和销售商使 之免于承担责任,还不清楚。 今天的家庭作业: Nor,if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect,is management to be blamed for discriminating against the“odd balls”among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who“work well with the team”. |
|
|
来自： 昵称70934705 > 《待分类》
