Journal of Hazardous Materials：微塑料在水生环境中的聚集行为的影响因素...

北京师范大学环境学院李阳副教授团队综述了微塑料在水生环境中的聚集行为的影响因素、分析方法和环境影响。相关成果发表于Journal of Hazardous Materials（IF=9.038）。

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Highlights

·The aggregation of MPs in real aquatic environment is far from fully understood.

·Sampling and analyzing methods for studying MP aggregation were summarized.

·Influence factors and environmental implications of MP aggregation were reviewed.

·MP aggregation in the field and their temporal stability deserve extensive research.

·Laboratory studies should use MPs representing those in real aquatic environment.

Abstract

A large amount of plastic waste released into natural waters and their demonstrated toxicity have made the transformation of microplastics (MPs; < 5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs; < 100 nm) an emerging environmental concern. Aggregation is one of the most important environmental behaviors of MPs, especially in aquatic environments, which determines the mobility, distribution and bioavailability of MPs. In this paper, the sources and inputs of MPs in aquatic environments were first summarized followed by the analytical methods for investigating MP aggregation, including the sampling, visualization, and quantification procedures of MP’ particle sizes. We critically evaluated the sampling methods that still remains a methodological gap. Identification and quantification of MPs were mostly carried out by visual, spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques, and modeling analysis. Important factors affecting MP aggregation in natural waters and environmental implications of the aggregation process were also reviewed. Finally, recommendations for future research were discussed, including (1) conducting more field studies; (2) using MPs in laboratory works representing those in the environment; and (3) standardizing methods of identification and quantification. The review gives a comprehensive overview of current knowledge for MP aggregation in natural waters, identifies knowledge gaps, and provides suggestions for future research.

大量的塑料废弃物被排放到自然水体中，其显示出的的毒性使得微塑料（MPs；<5 mm）和纳米塑料（NPs；<100 nm）成为了新兴的环境问题。聚集是微塑料最重要的环境行为之一，尤其在水生环境中，这一行为决定了微塑料的流动性、分布和生物可利用性。本文首先概述了水体中微塑料的来源和输入，然后介绍了研究微塑料聚集行为的分析方法，包括微塑料颗粒大小的采样、可视化和量化方法。本文批判性地评价了仍然存在理论性空白的采样方法。微塑料的鉴别和定量主要通过可视化、光谱分析和光谱技术以及模型分析等进行。此外还综述了影响微塑料在自然水体中聚集的重要因素和聚集过程的环境影响因子。最后，本文讨论了未来研究的建议，包括开展更多的实地研究；使用实验室工作中的微塑料代替环境中的微塑料；规范鉴定和量化方法。本文对自然水体中微塑料聚合的现有研究进行了全面综述，指出了研究空白，并对未来的研究方向提出了建议。