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Porcelain Berry fruitsare 4-8 mm in diameter, circular, containing 2-4 seeds, and may be many colorsincluding green, blue, purple, pink or yellow with black or brown speckles;many different colors are present on the same plant. The unusual blue color ofthe berries is due to an anthocyanidins-flavonols co-pigmentation. 2, Autumn Olive (小葉胡頹子, Elaeagnus umbellata) also calledJapanese silverberry, umbellata oleaster, autumn elaeagnus or spreading oleaster,is a deciduous shrub or small tree, upto 3.5 meters tall, and native to eastern Asia and ranges from the Himalayaseastwards to Japan. It is a hardy, aggressive invasivespecies, and becoming a troublesome plant in the central and northeasternUnited States and Europe.   Autumn Olivefruit is a small round drupe 0.65 to 0.85 cm in diameter. The unripe fruit is silvery-scaled and yellow.It ripens to red, dotted with silver or brown. Theripe fruits are pulpy, juicy and sweet, 3–9 mm in length, 5 mm indiameter, with a thin skin covering the whole fruit. Havinga sweet and tart flavor, the berries can beeaten fresh or processed for jam, condiments, flavoring, or used as asubstitute for tomato. The red berries contain carotenoids and lycopenewhich are human health nutrition. 3, Chinese lantern(Physalis alkekengi) also knownas groundcherry or winter cherry, is native to Asia unlike the rest of Physalisthat is native to the Americas. It is easily identifiable by the large, brightorange to red papery covering over its fruit. It grows naturally to 40–60 cmtall. It is a popular ornamental plant.    Chinese lantern fruitis edible and used as a diuretic, antiseptic, liver corrective and sedative in some folk medicinesystems. Like other species in the genus Physalis, it contains a wide varietyof physalins which have antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities. It alsocontains caffeic acid ethyl ester, 25,27-dehydro-physalin L, physalin D, andcuneataside E. 4, Commonhackberry (Celtis occidentalis) alsoknown as the nettletree, sugarberry, beaverwood, northern hackberry, andAmerican hackberry, is a large deciduous tree native to North America. It is amedium-sized tree, 9 to 15 meters in height.    Common hackberryfruit is a fleshy, oblong drupe, 0.64 to 0.95 cm long, tipped with the remnantsof style, dark purple when ripe. It is borne on a slender stem and ripens inSeptember and October. It remains on the branches during winter. The fruit isoften produced abundantly in Britain. The flesh isdry and mealy but with a pleasant sweet taste. The fruit and seed can beground up finely together and used as a flavoring. 5, Hobblebush (Viburnum lantanoides) commonly knownas] witch-hobble, alder-leaved viburnum, American wayfaring tree and moosewood isa perennial shrub growing 2–4 meters high. It is found in the eastern U.S. andCanada from Georgia to the Canadian Maritimes. It grows in rich, moist acidicwoods, stream banks, and swamps.    Hobblebushfruit is a red drupe, which turns to black when ripe. Thefruit is edible. 6, Bunchberry 加拿大草茱萸 (Cornus canadensis) also called Canadian dwarf cornel,crackerberry, creeping dogwood, is aslow-growing herbaceous perennial growing 10–20 cm tall. It is native toeastern Asia (Japan, Korea, northeastern China (Jilin Province) and the RussianFar East), the northern United States, Colorado, New Mexico, Canada andGreenland.   Bunchberry fruitsare bright red at maturity in late summer; each fruit is 5 mm in diameter andcontains typically one or two ellipsoid-ovoid shaped stones. The fruits, cominginto season in late summer, are edible but notappetizing. The large seeds within are somewhat hard and crunchy. 7, Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) commonly known asbitter-berry, Virginia bird cherry and western chokecherry, is a suckeringshrub or small tree growing to 1–6 m tall. It is native to North America. Itsnatural historic range includes most of Canada and most of the United States.  Chokecherry fruits (drupes) are about 6–14 mm in diameter,range in color from bright red to black, and possess a very astringent taste,being both somewhat sour and somewhat bitter. Theyget darker and marginally sweeter as they ripen. Chokecherries are very high inantioxidant pigment compounds, such as anthocyanins.  The chokecherryfruit can be used to make jam or syrup, but the bitter nature of the fruitrequires sugar to sweeten it. The Plains Indians pound up the wholefruits—including the toxic pits—into a mortar, from which they made sun-bakedcakes. 8, CanadaMayflower (Maianthemum canadense)also known as Canadian may-lily, false lily-of-the-valley or two-leavedsolomonseal, is a dominant understory perennial plant and grows to 10–25 cmtall. It is native to the sub-boreal conifer forests in Canada and the northernUnited States, from Yukon and British Columbia east to Newfoundland and southto Nebraska and Pennsylvania, and also in the Appalachian Mountains to northernGeorgia. It can be found growing under both evergreen and deciduous trees.   Canada Mayflowerberries are mottled red in early summer and turn deep red in mid-summer. They are edible. Seed is produced infrequently andmost plants in a location are vegetative clones, the plants spreading by theirrhizomes. 9, Crowberry (岩高兰, Empetrum nigrum) also called blackcrowberry or blackberry, is native in the Falkland Islands, but its sub-speciesoccurs in more northerly locations and at higher altitude.    Crowberryfruits are drupes, 4–6 mm wide, usually black or purplish-black butoccasionally red. The fruits are usually collectedin fall, but if not picked they may persist on the plant and can be picked inthe spring. 10, Fairy Bell (Prosartes hookeri) also called dropsof gold and Hooker's fairy bells, is native to western North America fromAlberta and British Columbia to California to Montana, where it usually growsin shady, damp areas, such as forest understory. It is an erect, few-branchedperennial herb growing up to a meter tall from a rhizome.   Fairy Bellfruit is an orange to bright red berry just under a cm wide. The fruitsare edible. 11, Hawthorn (Crataegus sp.) commonly also called quickthorn,thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs or trees (mostlygrowing to 5–15 m tall) in the family Rosaceae. They are native to temperateregions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa, and NorthAmerica.    Hawthorn fruitis berry-like but structurally a pome containing from one to five pyrenes thatresemble the 'stones' of plums, peaches, etc. Common hawthorn isedible. In the United Kingdom, they are sometimes used to make a jelly or homemadewine. The leaves are also edible, and if picked in spring when still young, aretender enough to be used in salads. In the southern United States, fruits ofthree native species are collectively known as mayhaws and are made into jellieswhich are considered a delicacy. Hawthorn fruit preparations hold significantpotential as a useful remedy in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Phytochemicalsfound in hawthorn include tannins, flavonoids, oligomeric proanthocyanidins,and phenolic acids. The dried Hawthorn fruits are used in traditional Chinesemedicine, primarily as a digestive aid and blood pressure-lowering agent. 12, MockStrawberry 蛇莓 (Duchesnea or Potentilla indica) alsoknown as Indian-strawberry or false strawberry, is a flowering plant in thefamily Rosaceae, and has foliage and an aggregate accessory fruit similar tothat of a true strawberry. It is native to eastern and southern Asia, but hasbeen introduced to many other areas as a medicinal and an ornamental plant.   Mock Strawberry fruitsare white or red, and entirely covered with red achenes, simple ovaries, eachcontaining a single seed. A poultice of the crushed leaves is used to treatskin ailments such as eczema. It is said that Mock Strawberry is a little bit toxic, but accordingto the FDA, 'Mock, or Indian strawberries, while possibly less deliciousthan wild strawberries, do not produce toxicitywhen ingested. Keyword Search 'upright corner' to get more nutrition and natural medicine news. References: Autumn Olive photo by Cillas, Eric Hunt and Kenraiz Bunchberry photo by Bot, Jason Hollinge, Ryan Hodnett and peganum Canada Mayflower photo by BlueCanoe, Silk666 and Ryan Hodnett Chokecherry photo by Famartin, Nadiatalent and Ryan Hodnett Crowberry photo by Hajotthu, Opioła Jerzy and Panek Fairy Bell photo by Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz,; scott.zona; Sten Porse and Thayne Tuason Hackberry photo by AnRo0002, R. A. Nonenmacher, Yuriy Kvach and Sten Porse Hawthorn photo by Björn S, Giftzwerg 88, Valen1988 and Nadiatalent Hobblebush photo by Amada44, Brian Stansberry, Daderot, Daniel Dumais and Charles Mock Strawberry photo by AnRo0002, ruizo and Tsungam Chinese lantern photo by H. Zell Porcelain photo by Albert, Dinkum, Olivier Vanpé and Qwert1234 Warning: The information in this web site is for your information only. You should not use our information to diagnose, try eating or treat any health problems or illnesses without proper identification and consulting your medical doctors. |
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