文章来源:网络综合、SCI论文指南、新加坡留学巴士 在学术界,存在这样的一个古老名言“publish or perish”,即要么发表,要么灭亡。现如今,毕业、求职、晋升都离不开SCI论文的加持,相信无论是硕博研究僧还是仍苦苦挣扎在科研一线的学术工作者都是一种无法言说的痛。对于SCI论文写作的新手来说,更是对如何构思与撰文一头雾水。今天小编就跟大家谈谈SCI论文写作中各个部分应注意的问题及一些固定模式和套路。可以从以下三方面入手: 1、构思要围绕主题展开:若要使论文写得条理清晰、脉络分明,必须要使全文有一条贯穿线,这就是论文的主题。主题是一篇学术论文的精髓,它是体现作者的学术观点学术见解的。因此,作者在写论文前,要围绕主体展开构思。 2、构思论文布局,要力求结构完整统一:在对一篇论文构思时,有时按时间顺序编写,有时按地域位置(空间)顺序编写,但更多的还是按逻辑关系编写,即要求符合客观事物的内在联系和规律,符合科学研究和认识事物的逻辑。但不管属于何种情形,都应保持合乎情理、连贯完整。构思论文的布局前,首先要了解论文的组成部分。 3、要作读者分析:撰写并发表任何一篇论文,其最终目的是让别人读的,因此,构思时要求做心中装着读者 ,多作读者分析。有了清晰的读者对象,才能有效地展开构思,也才能顺利地确定立意、选材以及表达的角度。 正文的缩影,目的是向读者展示研究的主要信息。要以最简洁的文字概括论文,点明研究的目的、途径、结果、意义,以便读者决定是否要阅读全文。建议写作时提取、精简每部分最关键的信息组成“摘要”。We propose a new … model and … algorithm that enables us to …我们提出一种新的...模型和...算法,它让我们能够...This paper demonstrates the ability of … to perform robust and accurate …The problem we have outlined deals largely with the study of …We have carried out several sets of experiments to test the validity of …We carried out several studies which have demonstrated that …The research has recorded valuable data about …This fruitful work gives explanation of …The research has resulted in a solution of …正文最靠前的部分,目的是告诉读者研究现状和研究目的,并说明全文的结构,便于读者阅读。一般包含几项内容:写作时应按照领域“由大到小”的表述原则,先说大领域(读者较为熟悉),再说小领域(读者相对不熟悉),最后根据研究存在的问题提出研究假设(或说明研究目的)。... is the … problem that has received the most attention in the … literature.在...文献中,...是受到最多关注的...问题。Recent experiments in this area suggested that …Great progress has been made in this field, but/however, nevertheless …Until now no field experiments of … have been reported.The primary goal of this research is …The present work deals mainly with …In this paper, data and results are presented under the major heading of …This paper is divided into 4 sections as follows …与结果部分相对应的方法学描述,目的是告诉读者研究结果是通过哪些方法得到的。作者可通过定义、描写、说明、举例、实验、论证、比较、分析综合、判断推理等不同的方式来证实在引言中所提及的主题,阐明研究是怎样完成的。写作时应注意与“结果”部分的一一对应关系,已成熟建立的方法可在引用基础上简要描述,但新方法须详细表述。Such indicator functions are referred to as … instead of … throughout the rest of the paper.在论文的其余部分,这样的指示函数被称为...,而不是...。Substituting … in/into …, we obtain/have/get …The experiment consisted of three steps, which are described in …The following example will illustrate a typical method for solving such problems.论文的核心部分,目的是向读者展示原创研究结果,分析产生这些结果的原因,与他人的结果进行比较,指出由这些结果可以进一步推导出什么结论。写作时应确定哪些结果、采用何种形式(图、表或单纯文字描述)、以何种逻辑展示。展示的结果应紧扣研究目的或假设,选用的图、表、统计方法要正确,整体的逻辑顺序要恰当(包括图表,如有组合图,每个组合图内分图的逻辑)。To explore the function of xxx, we did xxx.xxx treatment affected something, indicating the role for xxx.Our experimental data are briefly summarized as follows …Table 1 shows/provides details of the test results. 对论文结果的分析讨论,目的是对研究结果所涉及的深层关系和原因进行补充说明,指出本研究的影响及局限。因为陈述的是作者的见解和结论,所以句型多用一般现在时态。与“背景”部分相反,写作时应按照“由小到大”的表述原则,先总结本文研究结果,然后通过文献比对和分析讨论,将特定的研究结果扩展到一般情况,将研究结果升华到一定的理论和知识。注意不要重复表述研究结果,而应通过引证(比较参考文献)说明结果对研究目的的支撑,并尝试解释研究对理论的补充或实际应用价值。 A strong relationship between X and Y has been reported in the literature.文献中报道了X和Y之间的密切关系。The research we have done suggests an increase in …Our data therefore suggest the markets are not in fact random.These findings are understandable because …The interaction between two surfaces is the result of repulsion and attraction forces.两个表面间的相互作用是由于吸引力和排斥力作用的结果。结论是作者对研究课题进行的总体性讨论,反映本研究的价值,并对以后的研究具有指导意义。应包括下列内容:2. 较具体说明本研究得出什么结果,证明了什么假设或理论,有何创造性成果或见解,解决什么问题等。 This paper has given an account of and the reasons for the widespread use of X ......In summing up it may be stated that … This study set out to determine ......As a result of our experiments, we concluded that …致谢对象有两类:一类是经费上给予支持的,另一类是在技术、方法、条件、资料、信息等方面给予支持帮助的。致谢时一般项目资助单位或个人在前,其他人员在后。Support for this program/project/study is provided by …I thank … for giving financial support for this study.Data were supplied/provided by …Permission to quote from material protected by copyright has been granted by …I thank … for comments on the manuscript.In addition, I am grateful to … for their valuable suggestions, and to … for her patience and good counsel.此外,我感谢…他们宝贵的建议,以及…她的耐心和良好的建议。The anonymous reviewers have also contributed considerably to the publication of this paper. I also owe an obligation to …Also I wish to thank … for their many courtesies.①便于读者查阅原始资料中的有关内容,以了解前人工作与作者工作的区别及本论文的起点;②便于读者了解本工作的基础,并了解其理论基础优劣;④将论文成果和观点与前人的研究做出比较,同时也说明论文的创新性;需要注意,文后列出的参考文献应是公开正式发表过的、作者真正参阅过的、与论文密切相关或直接引用的文献。另外,引用文献时要注意引用最新的文献,它标志着论文作者对最新科研工作的了解及掌握情况,避免重复性工作出现,体现论文的创新性。 A considerable amount of literature has been published on X. These studies ...... Many historians have argued that ...... (eg. Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1990; Smith, 1994)许多历史学家认为。。。。。。(例如琼斯,1987;约翰逊,1990;史密斯,1994)
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