pip install pyquery 验证安装 In [1]: import pyquery 没报错即表示安装成功 pyquery pyquery 介绍虽然 xpath 与 Beautiful Soup 已经很强大了,不过语法还是过于啰嗦,pyquery提供了更加简洁优雅的语法,你可以像写jquery一般提取数据 数据初始化In [1]: html = ''' ...: <div> ...: <ul> ...: <li class="item-0">first item</li> ...: <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> ...: <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> ...: <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> ...: <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> ...: </ul> ...: </div> ...: ''' In [2]: from pyquery import PyQuery as pq In [3]: doc = pq(html) In [4]: print(doc('li')) <li class="item-0">first item</li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> 初始化的数据还可以从url中获取 In [11]: doc_url = pq(url='https://www./') In [12]: print(doc_url('title')) <title>Welcome to Python.org</title> 除此,也可以传入文件初始化 doc_file = pq(filename='demo.html') 基本css选择器In [2]: html = ''' ...: <div id="container"> ...: <ul class="list"> ...: <li class="item-0">first item</li> ...: <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> ...: <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> ...: <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> ...: <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> ...: </ul> ...: </div> ...: ''' In [4]: from pyquery import PyQuery as pq In [5]: doc = pq(html) In [6]: print(doc('#container .list li')) <li class="item-0">first item</li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> In [7]: print(type(doc('#container .list li'))) <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> 查找节点find()In [8]: items = doc('.list') In [10]: print(type(items)) <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> In [11]: print(items) <ul class="list"> <li class="item-0">first item</li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> </ul> In [12]: lis = items.find('li') In [13]: print(type(lis)) <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> In [14]: print(lis) <li class="item-0">first item</li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> find()的查找范围是节点的所有后代节点 children()查找直接子节点 In [15]: lis = items.children() In [16]: print(type(lis)) <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> In [17]: print(lis) <li class="item-0">first item</li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> In [18]: items.children('.active') Out[18]: [<li.item-0.active>] In [19]: print(items.children('.active')) <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> parent()查找父节点 In [20]: container = items.parent() In [21]: print(type(container)) <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> In [22]: print(container) <div id="container"> <ul class="list"> <li class="item-0">first item</li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> </ul> </div> parents()查找祖先节点 siblings()兄弟节点 遍历节点In [26]: lis = doc('li').items() In [27]: print(type(lis)) <class 'generator'> In [28]: for li in lis: ...: print(li, type(li)) ...: <li class="item-0">first item</li> <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> 获取属性# 选中class为item-0及active的a节点 In [29]: a = doc('.item-0.active a') In [30]: print(a, type(a)) <a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a> <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> In [31]: print(a.attr('href')) link3.html 如果是多个节点的属性,就需要遍历节点获取 In [32]: a = doc('a') In [33]: for item in a.items(): ...: print(item.attr('href')) ...: link2.html link3.html link4.html link5.html 获取文本text() In [35]: a = doc('.item-0.active a') In [36]: print(a) <a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a> In [37]: print(a.text()) third item html() In [38]: li = doc('.item-0.active') In [39]: print(li) <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> In [41]: print(li.html()) <a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a>
节点操作addClass 和 removeClassIn [42]: li = doc('.item-0.active') In [43]: print(li) <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> In [44]: li.removeClass('active') Out[44]: [<li.item-0>] In [45]: print(li) <li class="item-0"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> In [46]: li.addClass('active') Out[46]: [<li.item-0.active>] In [47]: print(li) <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> attr, text 和 htmlIn [48]: li = doc('.item-0.active') In [49]: print(li) <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> In [50]: li.attr('name', 'link') Out[50]: [<li.item-0.active>] In [51]: print(li) <li class="item-0 active" name="link"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li> In [52]: li.text('changed item') Out[52]: [<li.item-0.active>] In [53]: print(li) <li class="item-0 active" name="link">changed item</li> In [54]: li.html('<span>changed item</span>') Out[54]: [<li.item-0.active>] In [55]: print(li) <li class="item-0 active" name="link"><span>changed item</span></li> removeIn [56]: text = ''' ...: <div class="wrap"> ...: Hello, World ...: <p>This is a paragraph</p> ...: </div> ...: ''' In [57]: doc = pq(text) In [58]: wrap = doc('.wrap') In [59]: print(wrap.text()) Hello, World This is a paragraph 如果我们不想要p节点内的text,就可以用remove将其移除 In [60]: wrap.find('p').remove() Out[60]: [<p>] In [61]: print(wrap.text()) Hello, World 伪类选择器In [62]: doc = pq(html) In [63]: li = doc('li:first-child') In [64]: print(li) <li class="item-0">first item</li> In [65]: li = doc('li:last-child') In [66]: print(li) <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> In [67]: li = doc('li:nth-child(2)') In [68]: print(li) <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> In [69]: li = doc('li:gt(2)') In [70]: print(li) <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li> In [71]: li = doc('li:nth-child(2n)') In [72]: print(li) <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li> In [73]: li = doc('li:contains(second)') In [74]: print(li) <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li> |
|
来自: O听_海_轩O > 《Python基础入门讲解》