3.比较等级的修饰语(1)修饰比较级的常用词和短语有rather,much,still,even,far,alo
t,alittle,agreatdeal,(by)far,abit等。Thestudentss
tudyevenharderthanbefore.(2)常用的最高级的修饰语有byfar,nearly,a
lmost,bynomeans,notreally以及序数词等。I’dliketobuythesec
ondmostexpensivecamera.第3讲形容词、副词和比较等级考点1形容词与副词【考题小练】1.
Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience,_________(
especial)ifyouaretravelingathighspeed.2._________(obvio
us),Iwasdoingverybadly.especiallyObviously【考点精讲】1.形容词
与副词的句法功能HecanspeakfluentEnglish.Shefeelsgreatlyfortunat
eworkinginabigcompany.作定语、表语、补语和状语(与句子用逗号隔开)。修饰不定代词(后置)形容
词例句功能词性Fortunatelyforher,sheworksinabigcompany.作状
语。方位副词可作后置定语、表语或补语副词例句功能词性【点津】(1)通常只作表语的形容词:①以“a-”开头的形容
词:afraid害怕的,alone孤单的,alive活着的,alike相似的,ashamed羞愧的,awak
e醒着的;②content,worth,ill(有病的,不舒服的),sure,liable,well
等。(2)通常不用“人”作主语的形容词:possible,impossible,probable,conveni
ent,necessary等。(3)形容词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。2.兼有两种形式的副词其中
一种形式与形容词相同,另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀-ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。【点津】下列单词以-ly结尾,但
却是形容词而非副词:lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly
,likely,timely等。3.句子副词的用法有些副词并不修饰动词,而是修饰整个句子,表示说话人的看法。常见
的这类副词有:(1)表递进:besides,further,then,moreover等。(2)表结果:th
erefore,consequently,accordingly,thus等。(3)表转折:though,i
nstead,otherwise,however等。(4)表等同:similarly,equally等。(5)表
对比:rather,oppositely等。(6)表概括:altogether,generally等。(7)表列举
:first(ly),second(ly),finally等。(8)表同位:namely等。(9)表时间:mean
while,sometimes,occasionally等。(10)表特指:particularly,especi
ally等。【题组训练】1.This,togetherwithhisthin,twistedbodyand
awkward_____(face)expressions,canoftencausepeopletot
reathimasifhewereabackwardchild.2.Wewillgive99%of
ourFacebookshares-________(current)about$45billion-toadva
ncethisvaluablemission.facialcurrently3.___________(surp
rising),hedidnottakemyofferbutrathertoldmetopassth
eactofkindnessforwardandhelpmorepeopleinneed. 世纪金榜导学号
4.ActivitiesareheldeverypartofChina,butthecelebratio
nsinthecityofMiluoaremost__________(fascinate).Surpri
singlyfascinating考点2比较等级【考题小练】1.Onourwayhome,thejourn
eywasmuch_____(easy)thanbeforeaseveryoneelsefellfast
asleep.So,Ijusttookmytimeandenjoyedthedrive.easier
2.AtthattimeIknewithadtobeasignificantdaytothem.N
othingcouldbe______(good)ifsomeoneofferedtohelpthem.
better【考点精讲】1.比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则形式①单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词,在原级后加-er
,-est构成,如hard—harder—hardest。其他特殊变化见下表:hot—hotter—hottest
双写词尾字母,再加-er和-est以重读闭音节结尾happy—happier—happiest变y为i,再加-er
和-est以“辅音字母+y”结尾brave—braver—bravest加-r和-st以不发音的e结尾例词构成方式
特殊情况②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级前加more,most构成。active—moreactive—mo
stactivehappily—morehappily—mosthappily【点津】①少数双音节词及以-er或-le结
尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最高级形式common—commoner/morecommon—commonest/most
common②表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent,extreme,perfect,favorite等
,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。(2)不规则形式good/well—better—bestfar—farther/furt
her—farthest/furthestbad/ill/badly—worse—worst2.比较等级的用法(1)基本用
法①两者相比,表示“和……一样”,用“as+原级+as”表示。Helearnsasquicklyashi
sclassmates.【点津】在同级比较中,若出现形容词修饰单数可数名词,其语序为:as+adj.+a
(n)+n.+as。Ourneighborhasasbigahouseasours.②两者相比,表
示“不如……”,用“notas/so+原级+as”。Henrydoesnothaveas/somanybo
oksasIhave.③两者相比,表示“比……更”,用“比较级+than”;表示“不比……更”,用“n
ot+比较级+than”。SeekinginformationontheInternetismoreconve
nientthansearchinginalibrary.【点津】有些形容词本身含有比较的意义,其后面用to而不
用than。如:superiorto(优于,高于);inferiorto(次于);seniorto(年长于,
地位高于);juniorto(地位低于),priorto(早于,较重要于)④三个或三个以上的人或事物比较,表示
最高程度时,用“the+最高级+比较范围”。Duringthe1990s,MichaelJordanwas
probablythebest-knownbasketballplayerintheworld.(2)特殊用法
①“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmoreb
eautiful.②“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。Thebusierheis,
thehappierhefeels.③“more+原级+than”表示“与其说……不如说……”。Sheism
orecarelessthanstupid.④“morethan+主语+can+谓语”表示“非……所能;……不能
”。ThebeautyofthecityismorethanIcandescribe.⑤“否定词+比较
级”表示肯定的最高级Yourstoryisperfect;I’veneverheardabetterone
before.Ican’tagreemore.我非常同意。⑥表示倍数的三个常用句型a...倍数+as+
原级+as...HecanrunthreetimesasfastasJohn.b...倍数
+比较级+than...Thistableisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.c...倍数+thesize/length/width/height,etc.+of...Ourclassroomisthreetimesaslargeastheirs.=Ourclassroomisthreetimeslargerthantheirs.=Ourclassroomisthreetimesthesizeoftheirs. |
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