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2018年，生物学家扬·文代蒂（Jann Vendetti）发表了一篇论文，描述了在南加州发现的5种非本土蜗牛和蛞蝓。但如果没有1200名志愿者在iNaturalis手机应用“身在大都市的蜗牛和蛞蝓”（Snails and Slugs Living in Metropolitan Environments，SLIME）的项目里上传了近10000张腹足类动物的照片，就不可能得到这项研究成果。 “那篇论文全靠这些公民科学家才得以发表，要如何体现他们的贡献呢?”洛杉矶自然历史博物馆（Natural History Museum of Los Angeles）爬虫馆馆长格雷格·保利（Greg Pauly）指出了问题关键。 “大多数期刊和学术团体都有一些具体的要求，这些门槛在很大程度上将非专业科学家拒之门外，我觉得这很不合理。” 因此保利、文代蒂和其他几位澳大利亚生物学家主张现有出版准则需要变革，期刊应该在科学期刊的作者中也展示出公民科学家（citizen scientist）。他们提出了“集体合著”（group co-authorship）这一概念，并在《生态与进化进展》（Trends in Ecology & Evolution）对此进行了说明。 文代蒂那篇蜗牛和蛞蝓论文中，“参与SLIME项目的公民科学家”赫然在作者名单之列。但如果在谷歌学术上搜索这篇论文，你会发现……[查看全文] In 2018 biologist Jann Vendetti published a paper that described the discovery of five species of non-native snails and slugs in Southern California. The research would not have been possible without some 1,200 volunteers who uploaded nearly 10,000 photos of gastropods to the SLIME project—that’s Snails and Slugs Living in Metropolitan Environments—on an app called iNaturalist. “The entire existence of that paper is dependent upon these citizen scientists. How do you credit those people?” Greg Pauly, herpetology curator at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles. “There are some very specific requirements that a lot of journals and a lot of academic societies use. And those requirements largely would exclude nonprofessional scientists. And to me, that’s absurd.” That’s why Pauly, together with Vendetti, and several Australian biologists are arguing that criteria must change to recognize citizen scientists as authors on scientific journal articles. They propose what they’re calling “group co-authorship.” They make the case in the journal Trends in Ecology & Evolution. The author list on Vendetti’s snail-and-slug paper includes the phrase “citizen science participants in SLIME.” But the phrase...[full transcript] |
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