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Mongodb介绍 Mongodb是一个基于分布式文件存储的数据库，由C 语言编写，为WEB应用提供可扩展的高性能数据存储解决方案
Mongodb是一款介于关系型数据库与非关系型数据库之间的产品， Mongodb是不同于以往的如redis、memcached,它是一种叫文档数据库，存储的是文档（bson-->json的二进制化） 特点： 最大的特点是支持查询语言非常强大，内部执行的引擎是JS解释器，把文档存储成bson结构，查询时将文档转换成JS对象文件，并通过熟悉JS语法来操作 同传统数据库比较： 1、传统数据库是结构化数据，有表结构，每一行内容是符合表结构，且列的类型也一样 2、mongodb数据库是以文档形式存储数据，每一个文档都是有自己独特的结构（js对象）与属性、值，因此它没有特定的规范与格式
Mongodb安装 官方网站：http:// 下载最新的stable版本 [root@mingongge ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@mingongge src]# wget https://www./dr/fastdl./linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.4.6.tgz [root@Centos-2 src]# tar zxf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.4.6.tgz [root@Centos-2 src]# cd mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.4.6 [root@Centos-2 mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.4.6]# cd bin/ [root@Centos-2 bin]# ll total 277780 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10431547 Jul 6 02:23 bsondump #二进制导出（bson结构） -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 29870496 Jul 6 02:48 mongo #客户端 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 54389424 Jul 6 02:48 mongod #服务端 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 12771652 Jul 6 02:24 mongodump #导出数据库 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10783691 Jul 6 02:23 mongoexport #导出易识别的json文档或CSV -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10668482 Jul 6 02:23 mongofiles -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10942731 Jul 6 02:23 mongoimport -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10433507 Jul 6 02:24 mongooplog -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 53753432 Jul 6 02:48 mongoperf -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14070941 Jul 6 02:24 mongoreplay -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14127528 Jul 6 02:24 mongorestore #导入数据库 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 30539024 Jul 6 02:48 mongos #路由器（分片） -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11003296 Jul 6 02:23 mongostat #状态 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10631445 Jul 6 02:24 mongotop [root@Centos-2 src]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.4.6 /usr/local/mongodb [root@Centos-2 src]# cd /usr/local/mongodb/ 启动服务 创建数据目录与日志目录 [root@Centos-2 ~]# mkdir /data/mongodb -p [root@Centos-2 ~]# mkdir /data/mongodblog -p [root@Centos-2 mongodb]# ./bin/mongod --dbpath /data/mongodb/ --logpath /data/mongodblog/mongo.log --fork --port 27017 about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 19027 child process started successfully, parent exiting [root@Centos-2 mongodb]# lsof -i :27017 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mongod 19027 root 7u IPv4 48419 0t0 TCP *:27017 (LISTEN) 参数说明： --dbpath 指定数据存储目录 --logpath 指定日志存储目录 --fork 后台运行 --port 指定端口（默认27017） 连接数据库 [root@Centos-2 mongodb]# ./bin/mongo MongoDB shell version v3.4.6 connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017 MongoDB server version: 3.4.6 Server has startup warnings: 2017-07-29T10:36:50.683 0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] 2017-07-29T10:36:50.683 0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Using the XFS filesystem is strongly recommended with the WiredTiger storage engine 2017-07-29T10:36:50.683 0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** See http://dochub./core/prodnotes-filesystem 2017-07-29T10:36:51.494 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2017-07-29T10:36:51.494 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database. 2017-07-29T10:36:51.494 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted. 2017-07-29T10:36:51.494 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended. 2017-07-29T10:36:51.494 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2017-07-29T10:36:51.495 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2017-07-29T10:36:51.495 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'. 2017-07-29T10:36:51.495 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never' 2017-07-29T10:36:51.495 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2017-07-29T10:36:51.495 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. 2017-07-29T10:36:51.496 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never' 2017-07-29T10:36:51.496 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2017-07-29T10:36:51.496 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: soft rlimits too low. rlimits set to 7671 processes, 65535 files. Number of processes should be at least 32767.5 : 0.5 times number of files. 2017-07-29T10:36:51.496 0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 报错解决方法如下： WARNING: Using the XFS filesystem is strongly recommended with the WiredTiger storage engine 强烈建议使用带WiredTiger存储引擎的XFS文件系统 WARNING:Access control is not enabled for the database. 意思是：未对数据库启用访问控制，对数据和配置的读写访问不受限制 解决方法：开启数据库的认证就可以解决 在配置文件mongod.conf中开启，如下： security: authorization: enabled WARNING:/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'. #cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled [always] madvise never 关闭命令： #echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled WARNING:/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. 将/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag设置为never #cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag [always] madvise never 关闭命令： echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag WARNING:soft rlimits too low. rlimits set to 1024 processes, 64000 files. Number of processes should be at least 32000 设置ulimit vi /etc/security/limits.conf mongod soft nofile 64000 mongod hard nofile 64000 mongod soft nproc 32000 mongod hard nproc 32000 重启mongodb服务后重新登陆 [root@Centos-2 mongodb]# ./bin/mongo MongoDB shell version v3.4.6 connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017 MongoDB server version: 3.4.6 > show databases; admin 0.000GB local 0.000GB > show dbs; #查看当前的数据库 admin 0.000GB #管理数据库 local 0.000GB
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