以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [ŋ ] [l]例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元音字母就有几个音节。① 在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter，mem-ber，chil-dren，daugh-ter② 在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅音字母时，如果前面重读音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果重读音节里的元音是短音，则辅音字母属于重读音节。长音 pa-per，stu-dent，fa-ther，ze-ro，mo-tor，far-ther短音 sev-en，stud-y，moth-er，ver-y，mod-le ，weath-er单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。① 绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅音字母的重读音节。例如：no，blue，ba-by，stu-dent，se-cret② 相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name，these，bike，home，excuse单个元音字母后面有辅音字母（r、w、y 除外）且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节。例如：stu-dent，Chi-na，sec-ond，au-tumn② 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：a-bout，be-fore，ex-cuse，re-pair，for-get-ful，in-ven-tor词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien-tific，im-pression，na-tion[i:]、[i] ／ [ɔ:]、[ɔ]／[u:]、[u]／[ə:]、[ə]／[ɑ:]、[ʌ]／[e]、[æ][i:]――谐音为：易（yi）；像数字1，记忆真容易。
[ɔ:]――谐音为：噢（0）；噢，这个音标就像个o。[ə:]――谐音为：饿（e）；卷舌，一只鹅饿得晕倒了。[ɑ:]――谐音为：啊（a）；音标的读音跟拼音一样。[e]――谐音为：哎（ai）；哎呀的哎，很短，[æ]则为长音。[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[iə]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[au]、[əu][ai]――谐音为：爱（ai）；音标的读音跟拼音一样。[ɔi]――这个音标找不到拼音的谐音，可以按照字母o、i的发音连读来进行谐音记忆。[ɛə]――谐音为：挨饿；外形像3只鹅；三只鹅都在挨饿。[uə]――谐音为：屋鹅；一屋子的鹅都装在杯子里。[au]――谐音为：傲（ao）；一个杯子很骄傲，不让人拿它喝水。[əu]――谐音为：鸥（ou）；一只鹅在杯子里找海鸥。1.[ei] a在开音节中：发字母音，后面有不发音的ehas有; cat猫；fat肥胖的；that那个；hat帽子；rabbit兔子 family家庭 camel骆驼card卡片；scarf围巾；marker水彩笔 market市场department store百货商店 apartment building公寓；hard努力地，硬的；park公园；arm胳臂；farm农场；wait等；waiter男服务员；waitress女服务员air空气；hair头发；chair椅子 stairs楼梯Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六ask问；class班级；glass玻璃杯；pass传递；grass草；last最后的；eat吃；meat肉；seat座位; beak鸟嘴 head头；bread面包；feather羽毛；weather天气；ear耳朵；dear亲爱的；hear听见; near在……附近feel感觉；green绿色；thirteen十三；sheep绵羊； sleep睡觉；feet脚（复数）；rice米饭；ride骑；beside在---旁边；five五；drive驾驶 inside在……里面sick病的；big大的；pig猪；milk牛奶；fish鱼；Miss女士；it它；sit坐；six六circle圆圈 thirty三十 thirteen十三 thirsty渴的go去；no不；so这样，这么；phone电话机；rose玫瑰花 home家 rope绳子 hole洞clock钟；dog狗；on在---上面；long长的；hop双脚跳 orange橘子 ostrich鸵鸟 rock岩石stomach胃，肚子 Monday星期一 monkey猴子too也；zoo动物园；cool凉的；school学校；room房间；moon月亮；afternoon下午；good好的；foot脚；classroom教师；cloudy多云的；house房子；mouse老鼠；about大约；mouth嘴；blouse女式衬衫 number数字；understand理解 truck卡车nurse护士；turn轮流; hurt伤，疼；fur皮毛sky天空；fly飞；July七月；my我的；try试，努力；英语学习三元素：语音、语法和词汇。语音的学习和练习，主要有透过两个途径，一个是音标，另一个是自然拼读。
下面这篇文章很好的总结和介绍了自然拼读，对应于学习和教学很有帮助，分享给大家。Phonics，即字母拼读法（又译自然拼音）是自然形成的一种发音规则，它主要教授英文字母（letter）与语音（sound）间的对应关系，是美国、加拿大本土孩子的必修课程。在初级英语中70%的单词在拼读时都是有规律可循的。一旦掌握了这种发音规则就不必去翻查字典而能够顺利地将单词读出。一旦孩子们学习了这种不用音标的发音规律可以很快学会拼读不认识的单词，提前进入阅读领域，使英语学习变得简单、快乐、有趣。Phonics教学在美国至少已经有百年以上的历史了。适当的Phonics教学，一直被认为是最有效、最直接教授母语阅读的方法。美国学者Adams（1990）在PhonicsInstruction for the Nineties 里指出，出现在初级阅读材料中的词汇，其语音和字母间的对应关系相当稳定。孩子通常能从出现频率最高的37个音组中，拼出大约500个最常使用的词汇。第二阶：能够成功拼读元音+辅音（辅音+元音）。如：c-a ca a-t at第三阶：能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-g dog第四阶：能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-er sweater第五阶：能够听音辨字，即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。1.自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。2.第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习，如：Sam, cat, mat, 等等．3.第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a, is, to, have 等.4.第四步，是一个单词里有两个元音时，前边一个元音发字母音， 后边一个元音不发音，如：make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等．5.第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等；有一些辅音不发音，如：ghost,comb, lamb等；要掌握一下和'h'联在一起的发音：ch, sh, th, wh。单音节词，以元音结尾， 这个元音发字母音． 如：me, hi, go 等等Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy), ow等有其特别的发音．'c' 和 'k' 在一起时， 发一个音: quick, black等.a , e, i , o, u, a_e, e_e, i_e, o_e, u_eAa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat appleEe: egg well red pen net hen bed bellIi: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hillOo: ox on octopus box sock operate ostrichUu: sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle undercape name tape lake game make take hatebite five nine kite mine nice ride siderose nose rope note pose home rode thoseai, ay, ee, ea, ey, ie, igh, oa, ow, ui, ueai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nail maiday: bay ray way say hay pay May layee: reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teethea: sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf peaey: donkey monkey jockey turkey monkey hockey key trolleyigh: right sight night tight hight fight high sighoa: road toast toad coal goat boat coat soapow: rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow lowar: arm car armchair card cart farm park gardener: sister brother under rooster winter mermaid marker motherir: birthday circus dirty bird circle dirt girlur: turtle surfing turkey fur hurt purse nurseor: porch pork horse horn fort morning corn forkou, ow, oi, oy, au, aw, oo, oo, eaou: house out mouth count fountain mountain shout mouseow: cow towel clown owl crown brown flower toweroi: coin oil point noise boil soil poison coiloy: oyster boy cowboy soy toyau: august sause sausage naughty autumn applauseaw: paw draw saw straw strawberry lawnoo: moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoon room cool fool boom foolishoo: book cook good foot look hookea: head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather featherch, sh, wh, ph, th, th, kn, wr, mbch: beach lunch cheese bench church chicken chair cherrysh: sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovelwh: whale white wheel wheat whip whistle wheel chair whisperph: photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabetth: brother feather leather father motherth: thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teethkn: knob knee knife knock knitwr: wrist wrinkle wrap wreath writemb: thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numbbl, fl, pl, cl, gl, br, cr, gr, pr, fr, tr, drbl: blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blonde hairfl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flag flowerpl: plane play plus planet platform plum plate plantcl: clock cloud clean clay climb close clap clowngl: glove globe glass glue glasses gliderbr: bright brook brim bride brown bread brick brothercr: crown crab cream crow crayon crocodile cry croissantgr: gray green grass grapes ground grow grandmapr: prixe price prawn press prince princess prayfr: frog frost Friday French fries fruit front friend frametr: tractor truck train tray tree triangle trunk trolleydr: dream drum dry drop draw drive dress drinksm, sn, sl, sw, sp, st , sc, sk, all, ew, ysm: smile small smell smoke smoothsn: snowman snow snore snake snail sneakers sneakers snacksl: slow slap sleep slide slope sledsw: switch swallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweatsp: spider spaceship spinach spoon spellst: stockings store star stamp storm stick student standsc: scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scale scorpion scoopsk: skunk skis skirt skatesall: call tall fall ball wallew: dew few view hew new nephew newspapery: sky fly dry spy type shy cry myMiny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happy baby1.A big black bear sat on a big black bug.2.A big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black nose!3.Cat, Cat, catch that fat rat.4.A fat cat catches a mad rat.5.Blue glue gun, green glue gun.6.Black background, brown background.7.A noisy noise annoys an oyster.8.A good cook can cook good cookies.9.At noon I took a good book，and sat by the pool in the wood.I soon took off my boot.And put my foot in the pool.Oh! How cool, how cool.10.The hunter and his huge horse hide behind in house.11. Betty better butter Brad's bread.12.Two tiny tigers take two taxis to town.13.The first is the first.The third is the third.The third can be the first, The first can be the third.14.Sir, this girl wearing a dirty skirt is not the first, but the third.15.A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Said the flea, 'Let us fly!' Said the fly, 'Let us flee!' So they flew through a flaw in the flue.16. I wish you were a fish in my dish.17.Jean's three sheep are near the green jeep.18.There are thirty -three thousand three hundred and thirty-three feathers on that bird's throat.
19.Neither father nor mother likes this weather.20.It’s a goat,sitting in a boat,wearing a coat and writing a note.It’s a bear,sitting on a chair,holding a pear and combing its hair.It’s a cock,sitting on a rock,wearing a sock and looking at a clock.It’s a fly,wearing a tie,holding a pie and waving good bye.
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