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奶爸专栏|最有味道的一部文学作品是什么?

 海师讲堂 2021-11-08

最有味道的一部文学作品是什么?

这是上次公众号后台一位朋友的留言。每个人都有自己的喜好,《朗读者》里面董卿的回答是《红楼梦》,之前公众号分享过奶爸专栏|聊聊《Moment in Peking》(京华烟云)中那些渐行渐远的中国民俗 林语堂先生的这部作品被国内外汉学家称之为“现代版的红楼梦”,而《红楼梦》在世界文学作品中的地位无须多言。

我是高二时读的《红楼梦》,其间有一段尴尬经历至今难忘。课间休息时翻看却不料被物理老师撞见,然后老师拿起书,声如洪钟的他半开玩笑,“怪不得成绩最近下降了,原来在这看'黄书’”,当时的我脸涨的通红。记得我是辩解了,但还是被“黄书”二字臊的不行……

书归正传,本期来聊聊《红楼梦》里的味道:

舌尖上的味道

茄鲞(读音:xiǎng)

你把四、五月里的新茄包儿摘下来,把皮和穰子去尽,只要净肉,切成头发细的丝儿,晒干了,拿一只肥母鸡,靠出老汤来,把这茄子丝上蒸笼蒸的鸡汤人了味,再拿出来晒干,如此九蒸九晒,必定晒脆了,盛在瓷罐子里封严了,要吃时拿出一碟子来,用炒的鸡瓜子一拌就是了。(——by 王熙凤)

“Pick some early eggplant and peel it, keeping only the best part, which must be cut into small pieces and fried with chicken fat.Then get some chicken breast, fresh mushrooms, bamboo shoots, dried mushrooms, spiced dried beancurd and various kinds of preserved fruit.Dice these too and boil them with the egg-plant in chicken soup, then add sesame oil and pickles and store it in a tightly-sealed porcelain jar. That's all.”(——杨宪益译)

编者记

看过《红楼梦》的朋友,或许还会对刘姥姥进大观园吃到的那盘茄子印象深刻吧,搁到现在那就是舌尖上的中国味道啊!注:茄鲞英文怎么说?

 “fried egg-plant”(中·杨宪益译) 

“dried aubergine”(英·霍克斯译)

初见的味道


宝玉

1)面若中秋之月,色如春晓之花,鬓若刀裁,眉如墨画,脸如桃瓣,睛若秋波。

As to his person, he had:a face like the moon of Mid-Autumn, a complexion like flowers at dawn, a hairline straight as a knife-cut, eyebrows that might have been painted by an artist's brush, a shapely nose, and eyes clear as limpid pools.(霍克斯译)

2)天然一段风骚,全在眉梢;平生万种情思,悉堆眼角。

But his natural charm appeared most in his brows, for his eyes sparkled with a world of feeling. (杨宪益译)

A world of charm upon that brow was heaped; a world of feeling from those dark eyes peeped.(霍克斯译)

黛玉

1)两弯似蹙非蹙笼烟眉,一双似喜非喜含情目。

Her mist-wreathed brows at first seemed to frown, yet were not frowning; Her passionate eyes at first seemed to smile, yet were not merry.(霍克斯译)

2)泪光点点,娇喘微微。 

Her eyes sparkled with tears, her breath was soft and faint.(杨宪益译)

Often the eyes swam with glistening tears; §Often the breath came in gentle gasps.(霍克斯译)

3)心较比干多一窍,病如西子胜三分。

She looked more sensitive than Bi Gan, more delicate than Xi Shi.(杨宪益译)

She had more chambers in her heart than the martyred Bi Gan; §And suffered a tithe more pain in it than the beautiful Xi Shi.(霍克斯译)

编者记

“黛玉一见,便吃一大惊,心下想道:“好生奇怪,倒象在那里见过一般,何等眼熟到如此!”

宝玉看罢,因笑道:“这个妹妹我曾见过的。”……

董卿朗读的这一段在我那个年代的语文课本里有:《黛玉进贾府》。宝玉和黛玉初见,却恰似旧时相识,这初见之味道何其美哉?!喜好的朋友可以对比两版权威译文,就容貌翻译,我喜欢霍克斯版多些,提及心理两版则各有千秋。

诗词的味道

《红楼梦》里面的经典诗句:

1)假作真时真亦假,无为有处有还无。

When false is taken for true, true becomes false; §If non-being turns into being, being becomes non-being.(杨宪益译)

When false is taken for true, true becomes false; If non-being turns into being, being becomes non-being.(霍克斯译)

2)气质美如兰,才华馥比仙。

By nature fair as an orchid,With talents to match an immortal.(杨宪益译)

Heaven made you like a flower, With grace and wit to match the gods.(霍克斯译)

3)机关算尽太聪明,反算了卿卿性命。

Too much cunning in plotting and scheming/ Is the cause of her own undoing(杨宪益译)

Too shrewd by half, with such finesse you wrought/ That your own life in your own toils was caught(霍克斯译)

4)世事洞明皆学问,人情练达即文章。 

A grasp of mundane affairs is genuine knowledge,Understanding of worldly wisdom is true learning. (杨宪益译)

True learning implies a clear insight into human activities.Genuine culture involves the skilful manipulation of human relationships.(霍克斯译)

5)满纸荒唐言,一把辛酸泪! 

Pages full of fantastic talk.Penned with bitter tears.(杨宪益译)

Pages full of idle words Penned with hot and bitter tears.(霍克斯译)

《西江月》

 无故寻愁觅恨,有时似傻如狂; 纵然生得好皮囊,腹内原来草莽。 潦倒不通世务,愚顽怕读文章; 行为偏僻性乖张,那管世人诽谤! 富贵不知乐业,贫穷难耐凄凉; 可怜辜负好韶光,于国于家无望。 天下无能第一,古今不肖无双; 寄言纨袴与膏粱,莫效此儿形状!

编者记

除了《好了歌》(All Good Things Must End-杨宪益译;Won-Done Song-霍克斯译)和《葬花》等脍炙人口的部分之外,上面的这首《西江月》想当年我是完全能背下来的。 

奶爸后记

《朗读者》我几乎一期没落下,因其唤起了我读书的兴致和学生时代曾经的记忆。

最后想要提一下的是:《红楼梦》的译本众多,就书名翻译就有多版,比如杨宪益夫妇翻译的《A Dream of Red Mansions》; David Hawkes(霍克斯)&John Minford翻译的《The Story of the Stone》,当然还有译作《The Dream of Red Chamber》等等。 

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