【原】奥运会运动项目 | 射箭【中英文对照】

资料来源：奥运会官网

奥运会体育项目 | 射箭 Archery

The object of archery is simple: to shoot arrows as close to the centre of a target as possible. Olympic Archery targets are 122cm in diameter with a series of ten concentric scoring rings, separated into five colours. The inner colour, the gold, scores ten or nine points. (The 'ten’ measures just 12.2cm in diameter — about the size of an apple). Archers shoot at the target from a distance of 70m — which is the wingspan of two medium-range planes sat side-by-side.

射箭运动的目标非常简单：尽可能将箭射向靶心，越接近靶心越好。奥运会射箭运动的环靶直径122厘米，带有十个同心圆环，分为五种颜色。中心为金黄色，射中得10分或9分。（“十”环直径只有12.2厘米，大小大约等于一张音乐CD）。弓箭手从距离70米处将箭射出，这个距离比奥运会游泳池的长度还长。

Overview 概述

Archery dates back over 10,000 years, when bows and arrows were first used for hunting and warfare, before it developed as a competitive activity in medieval England. There are several variants, including target archery, where competitors shoot at stationary targets on a flat range; and field archery, which involves shooting at targets of varying and often unmarked distance, typically in woodland and rough terrain. Only target archery is an Olympic sport, practised in more than 140 countries around the world.

射箭的历史可以追溯到大约1万年前，当时弓箭被用于狩猎和战争。在中世纪时期的英格兰，射箭逐渐发展成为一种竞技运动。射箭有多种运动形式，包括标的射箭和越野射箭。标的射箭是指运动员远距离瞄准处于同一水平面的固定箭靶完成射箭；越野射箭的射箭距离不固定，比赛通常在丛林和崎岖的路面上进行。只有标的射箭是奥运会竞赛项目，这项运动在全球超过140个国家开展。

Archery made its Olympic debut at Paris 1900 and also featured in 1908 and 1920. But the rules were inconsistent and entirely dependent on the host country, making it difficult for the athletes. After a 52-year gap, the modernised sport was reintroduced at Munich 1972 and has remained on the Olympic programme ever since. At Tokyo 2020, athletes will compete in men's and women's individual events, men's and women's team events and a mixed team event. The mixed team event is a new addition to the Olympic programme.

射箭在1900年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相，1908年奥运会后被移出奥运会竞赛项目，之后在1920年奥运会上昙花一现。时隔52年之后，射箭再次重返奥运舞台是在1972年慕尼黑奥运会上，自此以后一直是奥运会正式比赛项目。在2020年东京奥运会上，运动员将参加男子、女子个人比赛，男子、女子团体赛以及混合团体赛。混合团体赛是东京运会新增项目。