【往期回顾】 1. They _will have completed_ (complete) the work on the bridge by next Sunday. 2. They _had left_ (leave) for Moscow by the end of last month. 3. They _had been working_ (work) on the problem for ten days before it was solved. 4. They _will have been building_ (build) the house for two weeks by the time she comes next week. 【本期内容】 下面我们继续本周《新概念英语2》第87课的重点句型或语法的分享。先来读一读课文: 一、课文原文 Lesson 87 A perfect alibi 'At the time the murder was committed, I was travelling on the 8 o'clock train to London,' said the man. 'Do you always catch such an early train?' asked the inspector. 'Of course I do,' answered the man.' I must be at work at 10 o'clock. My employer will confirm that I was there on time.' 'Would a later train get you to work on time?' asked the inspector. 'I suppose it would, but I never catch a later train.' 'At what time did you arrive at the station?' 'At ten to eight. I bought a paper and waited for the train.' 'And you didn't notice anything unusual?' 'Of course not.' 'I suggest,' said the inspector, 'that you are not telling the truth. I suggest that you did not catch the 8 o'clock train, but that you caught the 8.25 which would still get you to work on time. You see, on the morning of the murder, the 8 o'clock train did not run at all. It broke down at Ferngreen station and was taken off the line.' 本课主要是复习第15课、第39课和第63课所学的间接引语的用法。 (一)第15课 本课侧重学习的是直接引语转为间接引语中的人称变化原则、时态变化原则和句型变化原则。 所谓“人称变化原则”,是指转为间接引语时,直接引语中人称的变化,其口诀是“一随主,二随宾,三不变”,即:
如:
这句话的直接引语中包含了第一人称“I”、第二人称“you”和第三人称“Jack”,所以转为间接引语时,I指Kate,you指me,Jack不变,其结果为:
【注意】 主句中的say to一般要改为tell。 所谓“时态变化原则”,是指转为间接引语时,直接引语中的谓语动词时态如何变化,主要有两条规则:
如:
这句话中的said采用的是一般过去时,所以直接引语中的will visit到了间接引语中,要改为其对应的过去时态,即:
所谓“句型变化原则”,是指转为间接引语时,直接引语本身属于哪种句型,决定了连接间接引语的连接词的不同。本课里侧重学习的是当直接引语为陈述句时,其间接引语的连接词用that,且可以省略。如:
上句中的直接引语“Rose has arrived in Beijing with Mike”为陈述句,所以改为间接引语时,用that连接,即:
(二)第39课 本课侧重学习的是句型变化原则,是在第15课的基础上,新增直接引语为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句时的用法。 1、当直接引语为一般疑问句时,间接引语用if/whether连接,不可省略。如:
其间接引语为:
【注意】 因为直接引语为问句,所以主句中的动词said to要改为asked。 2、当直接引语为特殊疑问句时,间接引语用直接引语中的特殊疑问词连接,不可省略。如:
其间接引语为:
(三)第63课 本课侧重学习的还是句型变化原则,是在第15课和第39课的基础上,新增了直接引语为祈使句的用法,以及主句动词表示“建议、命令、要求”等动词时的用法。 1、当直接引语为祈使句时,间接引语中用动词不定式to do或not to do连接直接引语的内容。如:
其间接引语为:
【注意】 此时主句中的said to可以改为told或asked。 再比如:
其间接引语为:
2、当直接引语的主句中的谓语动词表示“建议、命令、要求、坚持”等时,其间接引语的谓语动词往往要采用“should+do”的用法,should可以省略。如:
其间接引语为:
三、一课一题 根据本课的复习内容,让我们来练一练吧,请把下列句子改为间接引语。
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