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摘要：数字孪生，已经被IT-OT领域的从业者熟悉。本文作者科普了数字孪生在全球多方多系统运作场景下，数字孪生价值在于提高整个体系的运营效率，降低运营、运维成本。本文简述了数字网络在整套系统运行中的价值。 Engineering companies are dependent on effective information management to control, design and build new assets such as bridges or refineries. They are expected to handover an operations ready physical asset and the required information for their customer to maintain and operate the asset. 工程公司一般依靠高效信息管理去设计、管控并建设新工程，如桥梁油井等等。他们被期待交付给客户可运营的实体工程，且包含必要的运营维护信息。 A key facilitator to this is the creation and maintenance of a Digital Twin (or information asset) that shadows the physical asset through its lifecycle, by providing an evolving accurate virtual 3D model of the asset with all necessary data and documents provided in context. This Digital Twin is evolved through build and then kept up-to-date beyond as changes and maintenance planning is applied through its operational lifecycle. 一个关键工程项目实施商，不仅要能创新，更要使用像“数字孪生”这类的IT架构，利用所有必需的信息、数据、文件等，用来提供不断演变的3D模型，去描绘实体工程项目全生命周期的“数字影子”。数字孪生，会贯穿整个项目生命周期，并随着实际变化与运维计划保持不断更新。
The Digital Twin provides a complete and accurate definition of the deployed infrastructure and its hierarchy, as well as, providing easy contextual access to the kept processes and procedures needed to run the asset effectively through its operational lifecycle. 数字孪生，为已部署好的基建设施提供完整精确的定义与等级标准，同时在实体项目生命周期间，也能够提供与实际环境相符合且更加简单的工作流程去运营。 The Digital Twin is subject to management processes and tools in the same way as the physical asset. It must be planned, deployed and managed in accordance with best practice methodologies and tools. Building the Digital Twin starts as soon as possible in the project lifecycle and its content must be enhanced by all action parties including vendors in the global supply chain, throughout the project and asset operations lifecycles. 众所周知，在实际基建工程项目中，精确的计划、部署与管控是非常重要的。而数字孪生，是可以实际情况去计划并管理项目建设过程与相关工具的。项目生命周期间，尽快建立一套数字孪生系统，可以大大助力项目管理，包括所有参与方与国际化供应链管理。 Project owners must clearly specify the expectations of contributing third parties such as engineering design offices, equipment manufacturers and construction partners. These third parties are expected to provide the required quality of information to build the Digital Twin and sustain it as changes are applied to the physical twin. 项目主导方必须非常清晰地规划对参与方的期望值，这些参与方包括但不限于设计公司、装备供应商、工程建设公司等。这些合作伙伴要提供足够品质的信息给到项目的数字孪生系统，并随着变化不断更新，以便用于真实物理场景。 The Digital Twin has two main user stakeholders a) the project team – tasked with designing, building and handing over the asset and b) the operations (maintenance) team – tasked to operate the plant with all its various systems and sub-systems (including maintenance systems such as Maximo or SAP PM). 使用数字孪生系统时，有两个利益攸关方：1，项目团队，负责设计、建设，并交付；2，运营运维团队，负责运营基建平台，这会涉及到各种不同的系统与相关子系统（比如Maximo 或 SAP PM）。 The software market contains many vendors offering readymade solutions to help companies manage their Digital Twin in an integrated manner with their engineering and maintenance activities. Vendors include Siemans , Autodesk, Hexagon (Integraph), Cadence, Bentley, Aviva amongst others. 软件市场有很多供应商提供成熟的解决方案，帮助项目公司建立并管理自己的数字孪生系统，同时提供相关的工程与运维服务，比如西门子、Autodesk、Hexagon、Cadence、宾利（著名的汽车公司）、Aviva...也包括中国公司。 For project teams Digital Twins provide transparency and insights on required actions needed to address delivery risks. For asset operations they help drive optimisation and efficiency in operating the delivered asset. 对于项目团队而言，数字孪生对实际建设过程中的潜在风险完全透明。而对于运营团队，这套系统可以提供高效优化的运营方案。 Well managed Digital Twins can also help show material waste, assist with reuse of design, drive standardisation and avoid repetition of design work from project to project. Collecting all engineering and operational data centrally over time (often called the digital thread) mitigates risk of common oversights that occur when data is spread across multiple, disparate systems. 好的数字孪生系统还可以展示物料使用状态，帮助设计重新利用，标准化引导，避免同类项目的重复设计。该系统集中化收集所有工程与运营数据（通常称之为数字流）会减少一般性监控风险，在当那些数据分散到各种系统中时很有用。 And finally, adding in models and analytics to describe the behaviour of operational assets creates the 'brain’ of the digital twin, enabling it to predict what may occur in the future and provide proactive guidance on how to respond for the best overall outcomes. 最后，加载更智能描述设施运营行为的分析模块，为数字孪生系统升级大脑，可以赋能系统预知未来状态并提供最好的预测反应。
The 'Digital Twin’ and emerging engineering and operations digital solutions, integrated with it, also help projects to better prepare for what is next in a project or maintenance schedule by improving decision making based on Trusted Engineering Information, available globally to all participants in Asset delivery and operations. 数字孪生与其他先进的工程运营数字系统集成，可以基于信任工程提升决策，助力更完善的项目准备或运维计划，便于全球参与者的交付与运营。 Uptake of Digital Twin concepts and related best practices, is growing rapidly in Infrastructure projects, as a facilitator for collaboration of distributed teams, remote working and running fast changing global supply chains; all of which is needed to deliver projects at affordable prices and within stretch timeline targets. 数字孪生概念以及最佳实践，在基建项目领域发展很快。因为在这些项目中，项目实施商需要与分散的团队合作，实现远程操控，运营变化飞快的全球供应链，以便为最终用户提供物美价廉且保证时效的服务。 Companies are addressing project costs by using Digital Twins to underpin flexible workflows and solutions designed to automate repetitive tasks. Sharing of Data Twins with Third Party collaborators is improving functional and commercial integration. 公司使用数字孪生可以有效处理项目成本，从而巩固灵活的工作流与自动化风险控制方案。与第三方合作伙伴分享数据孪生可以提高相关的能力集成与商务合作。
For Digital Twins and global delivery models to work they need high performance and cost effective datacoms that can adapt to ever changing connectivity challenges on a global scale. Digital Networking Solutions such as those offered by InfoQuick are proven to support such needs on a global scale, including their patented technology of “Back to Source Data Access Acceleration” and the Private SecHX protocol (follows IETF RFC 8926, GENEVE Standard). 数字孪生与全球交付模式，需要高性能低成本而且安全的数据通讯手段，才能适应不断变化的网络连接挑战。凌锐蓝信提供的数字网络方案，包括其专利技术“动态数据回源加速”与私有底层协议SecHX（遵循IETF RFC 8926的GENEVE标准），已经被证明完全支持数字孪生这样的关键应用，保障在复杂多方多系统场景下的合规、安全、高效运营。 作者介绍
凌锐蓝信资深专家兼英国分部负责人—B.Lynas先生拥有丰富的大型石油天然气企业IT架构设计与实践经验，特别在SAP/ERP领域有独到之处。Lynas先生于1984年获得伯明翰大学计算机软件工程学士学位，且获得大学少有的荣誉毕业生称号，在石油行业IT领域拥有35年工作经验，历任Shell（壳牌）英国区商业分析设计师， Shell欧洲区特聘关键项目总监，Shell全球特聘项目主管，Shell 集团IT部长兼商业分析部主管，Shell全球DRM北半球主管等。 |
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Figure 1 Digital Twin image 图1， 数字孪生图像
Figure 2 Digital Twin Architecture 图2， 数字孪生架构
图3， 数字孪生的运营，汇集多个系统与参与方
图4， 凌锐蓝信数字网络架构，基于业务导向的网络
