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日本政府于4月13日召开会议，决定将稀释过后的福岛核废水排入大海，引发外界，尤其是当地渔民的猛烈批评。 中国政府对此表示强烈的反对，而美国政府竟然公开表明支持日本福岛核废水的排放。 The Japanese government has decided to dispose of massive amounts of treated but still radioactive water stored in tanks at the wrecked Fukushima nuclear plant by releasing it into the Pacific Ocean, local media reported Friday, a conclusion widely expected but delayed for years amid protests and safety concerns. 当地媒体上周五报道日本政府决定向太平洋排放大量处理过的但还有辐射性的核废水。这些核废水储存在被破坏的福岛核电站的储水池中。 这一决定期待已久，但由于人们对安全问题的考虑而引发的抗议被推迟了几年。 dispose of [词块]处理 disposable chopsticks 一次性筷子 radioactive adj 放射性的，有辐射的 wrecked adj 失事的 concern n. 担忧，关切 The release is expected to start in about two years after the utility, Tokyo Electric Power Co., sets up a facility approved by nuclear authorities. According to a preliminary estimate, a gradual release of the water is expected to finish before the plant cleanup ends. 在日本东京电力公司建立的设备经过核部门的审议通过后的两年内，核废水排放将要开启。 初步估计，核废水的逐渐排放将在核电站设备清除后结束。 preliminary estimate [词块] 初步估计 cleanup [合成词] 清理，清除 In the decade since, cooling water has constantly escaped from the damaged primary containment vessels into the basements of the reactor buildings. To make up for the loss, additional water has been pumpedinto the reactors to cool the melted fuel remaining inside them. Water is also pumped out and treated, part of which is recycled as cooling water, and the remainder stored in around 1,000 tanks at the plant. 10年来，冷却水不断地从破损的主要密闭壳跑出流进反应堆建筑里。为了补充上流出的水，就得向反应堆再输入水来冷却其内部的溶解的燃料。 水也会被输出，进行处理。其中一部分水被回收利用变成冷却水。剩余的水被储存在发电站的大约1000个罐子内。 containment vessel 密闭壳 make up for [词块] 弥补，补偿 pump into/pump out 把…泵入/泵出 TEPCO, the utility, is contending with about 1.24 million tons of radioactive water. TEPCO and government officials say tritium, which is not harmful in small amounts, cannot be removed from the water, but all other radionuclides selected for treatment can be reduced to safe levels for release. But some scientists say the long-term impact on marine life from low-doseexposure from such large volumes of water is unknown. 东京电力公司正不知如何处理这124万吨的放射性水。东京电力公司和政府官员称，小剂量的氚对人体无害，所以不用从水中处理掉。 但是其它选出来的放射性核素则要被处理，最终在达到安全水平才会释放到海洋中。 然而，一些科学家说虽然放射性含量低，但体量大，这会对暴露在这种环境下的海洋生物产生什么样的长期的影响尚不可知。 tritium 氚 marine life [词块]海洋生物 low-dose [词块]低剂量 exposure n 暴露 large volume of [词块]大量地 The operator says the tanks’ 1.37 million-ton storage capacity will be full in 2022, and that tanks will need to be removed to make room for decommissioning facilities. 核电站的负责人称到2022年这些储存罐的137万吨的容量将达到极点。而届时，这些罐子将会被移走，为停运的核电站设备腾出空间。 福岛的核废水从哪里来，这就要从2011年的那场大地震说起。 Japan earthquake and tsunami of 2011 2011年日本大地震和海啸 At 2:46 p.m.on March 11, 2011, a 9.1 magnitude earthquake takes place 231 miles northeast of Tokyo at a depth of 15.2 miles. The earthquake causes a tsunami with 30-foot waves that damage several nuclear reactors in the area. It is the largest earthquake ever to hit Japan. 2011年3月11日下午2：46分，震源15.2千米，震级9.1级的地震袭击了距离 日本东京东北部231公里的区域。 随后地震引起了海啸，海浪高达30英尺。海啸破坏了当地好几个核反应堆。这次地震也是日本有史以来遭遇的最大的地震。 magnitude n.量级，[地震]震级 Tsunami n. 海啸 hit v [一词多义] 袭击 At the Fukushima nuclear power plant, the gigantic wave surged over defences and flooded the reactors, sparking a major disaster. Authorities set up an exclusion zone which grew larger and larger as radiation leaked from the plant, forcing more than 150,000 people to evacuate from the area. 巨大的海浪越过了设置在核反应堆附近的防御装置，福岛的核电站被洪水淹没和击穿，从而引发了核泄漏，带来巨大的灾难。 核泄漏越来越严重，当地官员设置的禁区范围也越来越大。最终15万人被迫从该区域疏散。 nuclear power plant 核电站 surge v 起大浪，蜂拥而来 defence n 防御工事 spark v 引起，导致 exclusion zone 禁区 evacuate v 疏散，撤退 此次地震酿成的最大灾难就是福岛核电站的泄露。那福岛的核电站到底在什么位置呢。 Where is the plant? 福岛在哪里？ The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant is in the town of Okuma, in Fukushima Prefecture. It sits on the country's east coast, about 220km (137 miles) north-east of the capital Tokyo. 福岛第一核电站位于福岛县大熊町镇，坐落在日本的东海岸，距离日本东京东北部大约220千米。 What happened at Fukushima? 地震后，福岛发生了什么？ Systems at the nuclear plant detected the earthquake and automatically shut down the nuclear reactors. Emergency diesel generators turned on to keep coolant pumping around the cores, which remain incredibly hot even after reactions stop. But soon after a wave over 14 metres (46ft) high hit Fukushima. The water overwhelmed the defensive sea wall, flooding the plant and knocking out the emergency generators. 核电站的系统检测到了地震后，自动关闭了核反应堆。应急柴油发电机启动，从事使冷却剂在核反应堆芯附近继续运动。尽管如此，核反应一停，设备的温度会上升很快。 不久，福岛遭受了一波高达14米的海浪袭击。海水灌入了核电站的防御墙，淹没了核电站，使得应急发电机伯冲出。 detect v 察觉，探测 diesel generator 柴油发电机 coolant [派生词]冷却剂 overwhelm v淹没 Workers rushed to restore power, but in the days that followed the nuclear fuel in three of the reactors overheated and partly melted the cores - something known as a nuclear meltdown. The plant also suffered a number of chemical explosions which badly damaged the buildings. Radioactive material began leaking into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean. 核电站的工人冲过去重新恢复电力。但是，几天后，其中三个反应堆由于过热，导致核反应堆芯融化，也就是所谓的“核心熔毁”。 核电站还发生了很多化学爆炸，使得很多建筑物受到了破坏。放射性物质开始向大气中和太平洋泄漏。 How many people were hurt? 多少人因此受伤？ There were no deaths immediately during the nuclear disaster. At least 16 workers were injured in the explosions, while dozens more were exposed to radiation as they worked to cool the reactors and stabilise the plant. 核灾难发生后并没有立即出现死亡事件。有16名工人在爆炸中受伤，还有十几个员工因为冷却反应堆和稳定设备而暴露在反射性物质中。 Long-term effects of the radiation are a matter of debate. The World Health Organization (WHO) released a report in 2013 that said the disaster will not cause any observable increase in cancer rates in the region. 暴露在反射性物质中的长期影响一直没有定论。2013年世界卫生组织发布了一份报告称，这次核灾难不会造成该区域明显的癌症病例的增加。 A matter of debate 尚无定论 Observable adj [派生词]可见的，显著的 But many believe the dangers are far greater, and residents remain wary. Though officials have lifted restrictions in many areas most people have not returned to their homes. In 2018, the Japanese government announced that one worker had died after exposure to radiation and agreed his family should be compensated. 但是很多人认为核灾难的危险远比现在的严重，当地居民对此保持谨慎态度。尽管日本政府解除了很多地区的限制，但是大部分居民还没有回到福岛地区。 2018年，日本政府宣布有一名暴露在放射性物质中工人死亡，并同意给他的家人赔偿。 wary adj 谨慎的，机警的 lift v [一词多义] 解除，撤销 lift restrictions on travel 解除旅行限制 compensate v 补偿，赔偿 虽然日本政府声称，核废水已经经过严格的处理，但长期的影响尚不得知。将核废水排入太平洋，无论对海洋生物还是人类都是潜在的巨大的危害。 |
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