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No one likes disruption. We are hardwired to seek balance, order, and equilibrium. 没有人喜欢被打扰。我们天生追求平衡、秩序和安宁。
No matter what it is that you are doing, be it reading a paragraph written in your second language, trying to solve a challenging math problem, or sleeping a sound, dreamless sleep, 无论你在做什么，无论是读一段用第二语言写的文章，尝试解决一道具有挑战性的数学题，还是酣睡无梦， being interrupted entails a forceful halt midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty. 被打断意味着中途被迫停止，然后不得不重新进入之前的状态，有时会非常困难 Popular belief has it that interruption fractures the flow of your thinking and reduces productivity, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.
However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise. 然而，一位名叫布鲁玛·泽加尼克的俄罗斯心理学家可能会告诉你另外一件事。 The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. 当她在餐厅用餐时，她注意到了中断和记忆之间的联系。 She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing grip of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed.
是不是我们的大脑对待未完成任务和完成任务的方式不同？
Zeigarnik的好奇心瞬间被激起。 She later conducted an experiment in which people were given a series of tasks such as solving puzzles or threading beads. 她后来做了一个实验，让人们做一系列的任务，比如解谜或穿珠子。 Some of them were interrupted halfway through it, and some of them were not. 有些人中途被打断了，有些人没有。 By the end of it, those who underwent interruptions could better recall the details of those activities than those who didn't. 到实验结束时，那些被打断的人比没有被打断的人能更好地回忆起那些活动的细节。 It made no significant difference as to whether the former eventually finished the tasks after the interruptions or not. 对于前者是否在中断后最终完成任务，没有显著差异。 In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven't even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. 与已经完成的任务和我们甚至还没有开始的任务相比，在大脑为我们勾画的精神任务清单中，完成一半的项目被优先考虑。
One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we hanker after their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. 一种可能的解释是，对于中断的任务，我们渴望在任务结束后重新获得平衡感 Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog and give the space to more upcoming tasks. 完成这些任务也意味着我们最终可以清理精神上的积压，并为更多即将到来的任务留出空间。 Zeigarnik's theory has lent itself well to various practical applications in advertisements, TV series, and even education. Zeigarnik的理论在广告、电视剧甚至教育中有着广泛的(catholic)实际应用。 In one example, multiple social media websites "impelled" their users into completing their profiles by use of a progress bar that remains half-empty until they have filled in all the necessary information. 在一个例子中，多个社交媒体网站通过使用一个进度条“强迫”他们的用户填写他们的个人资料，该进度条在用户填写完所有必要信息之前保持半空。 No matter whether you are a procrastinator or a precrastinator, you will find Zeigarnik's theory enlightening, which tells us that interruption and steady progress make up a false dichotomy. 无论你是一个拖延者还是一个先驱者，你都会发现Zeigarnik的理论很有启发性，它告诉我们，中断和稳步进行构成了一个错误的对立。 For procrastinators, you might find that even merely taking the first baby step in a task will help move it along. 对于拖拉者来说，你可能会发现，即使只是在一项任务中迈出第一小步，也会有助于推进它。 For precrastinators who are always rushing ahead and liable to feelings of frustration and anxiety when things get stuck, taking a break and initiating an impromptu interruption might be the key to making progress. 对于那些总是急于求成，当事情陷入困境时容易感到沮丧和焦虑的人来说，休息一下并被临时地打断可能是取得进展的关键。
equilibrium sleeping a sound be hardwired to entail a forceful halt midway popular belief has it that fracture the flow of thinking tell you otherwise instantaneously curiosity is aroused conduct an experiment threading beads undergo interruption significant difference half-done given the priority mental to-do list hanker after sketch out mental backlog practical application lend itself well to a progress bar procrastinator =postponer/cunctator precrastinator take a first baby step in be liable to dichotomy=duality rush ahead Session a photo/recording/training session (一段时间) 一次摄影，一场录音，一堂训练课 The course is made up of 12 two-hour sessions. 这门课总共上12次，每次两小时 The court is now in session . 法庭现在正在开庭。 quarter sessions 季审法庭 jam session 即兴演奏会 meeting n. 会议 指人们集合在一起讨论或决定某事的集会，可用于任何场合。 conference n. 会议 尤指会持续数天的、有关政治、商业等重要事务的大型正式会议。 convention n. 大会 指同一职业、同一组织或有共同爱好的人聚在一起召开的大型正式会议。 session n. 会议 指正式会议，尤指议会的一次会议或系列会议。 have an amazing grip of grip come/get to grips with sth 开始理解并着手处理难题 I'm slowly getting to grips with the language. 我慢慢开始掌握这种语言。 get/take a grip (on yourself) 使（自己）镇定下来；控制住（自己的）情绪 I have to take a grip on myself, he told himself firmly. 我一定要控制住自己的情绪，他坚定地对自己说。 Get a grip ! 镇静点！ in the grip of sth 受制于某事 a country in the grip of recession 陷入经济衰退的国家 lose your grip (on sth) 失去（对…的）理解（或控制）；驾驭不住 Sometimes I feel I'm losing my grip. 有时我感到自己无能为力。 snatch v. 抢夺，抓走 指突然地抢、夺、抓，强调动作迅速或具有暴力性质。 grab v. 抓住，攫取 指突然抓住某人或某物，强调动作粗野，作此义解时常可与snatch 换用； Quick, grab hold of that rope. 快，抓住那根绳子。 clutch v. 紧抓，抓牢 指因不想失去而紧紧地抓住某物，或因害怕、疼痛、危险等而突然抓住某人或某物。 hang on (to sth) 尤指为支撑自己或防止跌倒紧紧抓住某物 Hang on tight. We're off! 抓紧，我们出发了！ hold on (to sb/sth) 指抓紧、不放开 Hold on and don't let go until I say so. 握紧，我让你松手时再松开。 grasp v. 抓牢，抓紧;理解 指紧紧地、牢牢地抓住某物,宾语通常为hand或wrist clasp 指紧握、攥紧、抱紧 宾语通常为hand或另一个人 grip v. 紧握，抓紧 指用尽全力死死抓住某物，与 grasp 同义，但语气更强。 She gripped the rail and tried not to look down. 她使劲抓住栏杆，尽量不往下看。 take v. 拿，抓 最普通用词，指用手拿、取、抓或控制某物，不带任何感情色彩。 The camp was taken and destroyed. 营房被攻占之后遭到了毁坏。 cling 尤指用身体紧抱、紧握、抓紧 Survivors clung to pieces of floating debris. 生还者紧紧抱住一块块漂浮在水面上的残骸。 Scarce memory scarce adj. 缺乏的;稀少的;不足的 adv. 勉强;刚;几乎不;简直不 Synonym: barely/ hardly/ just/ scarcely make yourself scarce 躲开；回避；溜走  reclaim The team reclaimed the title from their rivals. 这个队从对手手中夺回了冠军 Baggage Claim 行李领取处 Baggage Reclaim行李收回处 I want to reclaim some of the tax I paid last year. 我想要求归还去年缴纳的部分税款 Large tracts of sandy wastes were reclaimed. 大片大片的沙质荒地被开垦出来了。 This is the first step towards reclaiming your time. 这是对你时间进行回收利用的第一步 Comprehensive reclaim 综合利用 reclaim the future 改造未来 Society reclaims criminals by teaching them skills. 社会通过教给罪犯技能来改造他们。 impromptu adj.无准备的;即兴的 n.即兴曲;即席演出;即席之作;即席演说 adv.临时地 improvise v.即兴创作(音乐、台词、演讲词等); 临时拼凑;临时做 prompt v.促使;导致;激起;鼓励，提示;给(演员)提词 adj. 迅速的;敏捷的;立即;及时的；准时的 n.提词，提示 adv.准时地 |
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