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2018年4月高等教育自学考试《语言与文化》试题 课程代码：00838 I. Each of thefollowing incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read eachstatement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternativesbest completes the statement. 1. Cultureis a phenomenon in that eachgeneration inherits the culture established by its forefathers. A. historical B. verbal C. communicative D. human 2. Culturein its broad sense is also called culture. A. behavioural B. anthropological C. academic D. small c . 3. Thesupreme legislative body of the United Kingdom is A. prime minister B. supreme court C. congress D. parliament 4.Connotations of words vary from culture to culture. In Chinese “宣传”is a neutral term. Its proper English equivalent is A. propaganda B. publication C. conveying information to D. giving publicity to 5. Gerunds,participles and infinitives in English are collectively called A. auxiliary verbs B. non-finite verbs C. modal verbs D. linking verbs 6. Englishspeakers tend to be analytic thinkers. In contrast, Chinese people tend to be thinkers. A. holistic B. logical C. abstract D. deep 7. Which ofthe following is NOT the personal name related to knowledge, authority or fame? A. John. B. Abraham. C. Henry. D. Benjamin. 8. TheEnglish speaking people will say" "when they need to pass in front of others. A. I beg your pardon B. I'm sorry C. Excuse me D. Never mind 9. Theidiomatic expression "to have two left feet" means" " A. to joke B. to continue working hard C. to just make it D. to be clumsy 10. "ARomeo" refers to a handsome young man, passionate, dashing, who has a waywith woman in English culture. It is an allusion from A. mythology B. religion C. history D. literature 11. So faras ideas are concerned, which of the following Chinese metaphorical expressionsmakes the same analogy as the English expression "He keeps up-to-date byreading the New York Review of Books"? A．味同嚼蜡 B．旧观念复活 C．新、旧观念 D．新思想萌芽 12.The red colour is usually associated with celebrations and joyful occasions, asin the following English expressions EXCEPT A.a red letter day B. the red light district C.paint the town red D.the red carpet 13. To soundmodest and humble, one might use “鄙人”as to refer to himself in ancient times. A. aeuphemism B. anhonorific C. ataboo D. aterm of humility 14. TheEnglish euphemism for "ugly" is A. slender B. plain looking C. skinny D. physicallyhandicapped 15. Whichconnective should be put into the blank in order to show adversative relation betweenthe following sentences? For the whole clay he climbed up the steepmountainside, ahnost without stopping. he was hardly aware of being tired. A. Yet B. And C. So D. Then 16. If onehas a conversation with his colleagues or classmates, the spoken style can be A. formal B. consultative C. casual D. intimate 17. The useof a large number of technical terms is the most salient feature of A. newspaper reporting B. brand names C. advertisements D. English for scienceand technology 18. All theplanets got their names from Greco-Roman mythology EXCEPT A. Mars B. Venus C. Earth D. Mercury 19. Yourfriend is going to have an interview for a new job. You may tosignify good luck to him. A. stamp your foot B. cross your forefingerand middle finger C. wag your forefinger D. chew your finger nails 20. Publicterritories are open to anyone and are seldom under constant control of anyperson or group, such as A. mother's kitchen B. father's chair C. classroom seats D. library tables II. Each ofthe following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read eachstatement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives cancomplete the statement. There is more than one correct answer to each question. 21. Modelsfor the analysis of culture may include A. key questions B. the thematic model C. seven facets D. the sociologicalmodel 22. SomeEnglish words are related to the American history like" " A. duke B. Continental Congress C. knight D. the May Flower 23. Which ofthe following statements are TRUE? A. In English all the prefixes arederivational morphemes. B.'The inflectional morphemes in Englishare mainly word endings. C.The inflectional morphemes are also called grammatical morphemes. D. When attached to words, thederivational morphemes do not change the word class of the words. 24. Parentsselect names for their children according to their conceptsshaped by the culture they are in. A. moral B. aesthetic C. economic D. political 25. Theproverbs related to thrift are" " A. From saving comes having B. Wives and children are bills ofcharges C. Tell money after your own father D. Frugality is an estate alone 26. Thefollowing expressions that are associated with vigor and energy are" " A. a green old age B. a greenhorn C.green-eyed D. toremain green forever 27. InEnglish culture, anything related to privacy or considered personal are taboo,such as A. income B. religiousbelief C. family member D. hobbies 28. Thesentences in a text may be linked by means. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. iexical D. theoretical 29. Thepronunciation difference between American and British English can be found in" " A. road B. car C. hero D. chance 30.Nonverbal messages can be used to accent or emphasize distinct points in verbalmessages, such as A. pausing before saying something B. saying something louder than usual C. saying something quicker D. speaking in a lower voice thanusual III.Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. 31. Languageis in that there is no logicalrelationship between language elements and their meaning. 32. The wordfor the union in one Godhead of three persons, Father, Son and Holy Ghost is 33. Thereare passive sentences in English, whichare active in form but passive in meaning, as illustrated by the sentence"The door locks easily". 34.Americans value homemade objects. To ask if something, food, clothes ordecorations of furniture, is homemade is a 35.Generally, phrasal verbs occur often in English,while their corresponding single words are frequently found in writing. 36. A is a direct comparison between two ormore unlike things, normally introduced by "like" or "as". 37.Nowadays, most native speakers of English try to avoid sounding like a sexist.For example, is used to replace "chairman" torefer to a male or a female who presides a meeting. 38. In anormal text sentences are connected either hypotactically or 39. Englishis a language notorious for the non-correspondence between pronunciation and spelling.One reason is that there are too many wordsfrom other languages, such as "metre" from French. 40.Interpretation of nonverbal behaviors is dependent. IV.Answer the following questions briefly. 41. Whatdoes culture emphasize when it is discussed in its narrow sense? 42. Which ofthe following words are positive in meaning in English but pejorative orneutral in Chinese? ambitious, boss, do-gooder, self-made man, individualism 43. Explainhow English and Chinese advertising differ. 44. Whatfunctions do nonverbal messages have in human communication? V.Translation. 45．他浑身哆嗦，脸色苍白，步履缓慢，好像一动就疼痛。 46．请别挂，我看看他在不在。(电话用语) 47. blacktea 48. Carrycoals to Newcastle. 49. to missthe boat 50. your age(translate it into Chinese honourifics) VI.Discuss the following topics. 51. Define aproverb and illustrate how proverbs are related to culture, by referring to thefollowing sentences. (1) Manproposes, God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天。 (2)平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚。 52. How todefine "common core" English? 2018年10月高等教育自学考试《语言与文化》试题 课程代码：00838 I. Each of the statements is followed by fouralternatives. Read following incomplete each statement and the fouralternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completesthe statement. (20%) 1. Without the emergence of man would remain what he wasone or two million years ago. A.culture B. speech C. language D. thinking 2. When we say that language is , we mean that the language is rulegoverned. A.systematic B. arbitrary C. vocal D. symbolic 3. The relationship between a word and an object in thereal world to which the word refers is the meaning of the word. A.connotative B. social C. affective D. conceptual 4. If an entry in a dictionary consists of two or morewords, it will be treated as a A. phrase B. clause C. compound D. sentence 5. The following Chinese sentences are implicit passivesentences EXCEPT A．花晒着太阳了。 B．红旗被插上了井冈山。 C．湿衣服吹吹风，干得快。 D．道路加宽了，立交桥也修起来了。 6. The following sentences have hypotactic relationsEXCEPT" " A. Bread andbutter is my favoufite breakfast B. The man ranaway when he saw the dog C. John lovesMary and Mary loves John, too D. He boughttea, coffee, eggs, milk, etc 7. "Flora" is a quite common English name. Itbelongs to names. A.religious B. weapon C. flower D. knowledge 8. In English speaking countries some elderly persons mayuse" "as a vocative to address ayoung lad without meaning to offend. A. son B. lad C. man D. buddy 9. The meaning of the idiom "the cat's got yourtongue" is" " A. you'rejoking B. you'reclumsy C. you're veryquiet D. you'reangry 10. The sentence "她是个王熙凤式的人物"uses an allusion from a Chinese literary work A. ThreeKingdoms B. Dreamof Red Mansions C. WaterMargin D.Pilgrimage to the West 11. In the sentence "Bring the child down to me fora formight. I have a huge old garden where he canbe as free as a bird", the tenor is A. a bird B. a fortnight C. a huge oldgarden D. the child 12. In the following metaphorical expressions," "shows ideas are food. A. That ideawon't sell B. That'sbudding theory C. We don't needto spoon-feed our students D. That cutsright into the heart of that matter 13. There are more honourifics in Oriental language thanin European language, is particularly rich in honourifics. A.Chinese B. Japanese C. English D. French 14. Pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words orexpressions that are used to mask harsh, rude or infamous truths are A.honourifics B.terms of humility C.euphemisms D. taboos 15. Hypotactic relations at the sentential level refer toconstructions whose components are linked through the use of A.conjunctions B. juxtaposition C. punctuation D. prepositions 16. For the whole day he climbed up the steermountainside, almost without stopping. And in all this time he met no one. In the above example, the logical relationship betweenthe sentences is relations. A.additive B. adversative C. causal D. temporal 17. The most striking phonetic difference betweenAmerican and British English is the pronunciation of" "inwords. A.a B.r C.i D. wh 18. Advertisement English differs from other varieties ofEnglish in many ways. A tactful use of homophones can be found in the followingadvertisement" " A. Neverbathe alone B. I'm MOREsatisfied (cigarette) C. 7 dayswithout 7-up make one weak (beverage) D. We'vehidden a garden full of vegetables where you'd never expected in a pie 19. Nonverbal messages which serve the function of theverbal messages are ones that could stand alone ifthe verbal messages were notpresent. A.complementing B. repeating C. contradicting D. regulating 20. When an item in the target nonverbal communicationsystems corresponds in both form and meaning to an item in the native nonverbalcommunication system, the learner can simply the item in his or her nativenon-communication systems to the target ones. A.associate B. transfer C. interpret D. differentiate II. Each of the following incomplete statements isfollowed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternativescarefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There ismore than one correct answer to each question.(10%) 21. Thought is the ofthe human brain. A.function B. influence C. product D. medium 22. The word "young" is associated with" "in English culture. A.vigorous B. creative C. inexperienced D. flexible 23. Which of the words have inflectional morphemes? A.running. B. eats. C. quickly. D. worked. 24. Among the following forms of address, areNOT accepted in English culture. A. MayorStone B. AccountantSmith C. TeacherJones D. DirectorBlack 25. What is true about a proverb? A. A proverbis a brief familiar maxim of folk wisdom. B. A proverbis usually compressed in meaning. C. A proverbcontains scientific accuracy rather than folk wisdom. D. A proverboften involves a bold image or a jingle that catches the memory. 26. Metaphors can be found in the sentence " " A. That youngman is a bear at mathematics B. He is asstrong as a horse C. His wordsstabbed at her heart D. Pop lookedso unhappy, almost like a child who has lost his piece of candy 27. "不敢当" inChinese can be translated into" " A. It's verykind of you to say so B. You praisedme too much C. Not really D. Thank you 28. In which of the following sentences can paratacticrelations be found? A. I believe heis an honest man. B. He boughttea, coffee, eggs, milk, etc. C. The man ranaway when he saw the dog. D. Bread andbutter is my favourite breakfast. 29. Words that are used in American English are A. bar B. trousers C. flat D. candy 30. Which of the following are typical examples ofemblems? A. The"pointing" gesture, when accompanying language. B. Pattingone's pen or pencil on the desk, rubbing one's arms, nail biting. C. The"salute" gesture (formed by briskly bringing a flattened hand to theright side of theforehead). D. The"Ok" gesture (with one's thumb and forefinger forming an O shape andthe other threefingers stretching out). III. Fill in each underlined spacewith a proper expression. (20%) 31. The medium of verbal interaction is withoutwhich cooperation would be impossible. 32. The Chinese equivalent for "housewarming"is rather than "室内供暖"。 33. It is often said that English is a language withexplicit grammar and Chinese a language with grammar. 34. In English culture, "title + "vocativesare normally used in formal situations. 35. An idiom is a construction, expression, etc, having ameaning different from the one or not according to the usualpatterns of the language. 36. A direct comparison between two or more unlikethings, normally introduced by "like" or "as" is a 37. Honourifics are used to show toone's interlocutors and persons mentioned in conversations, while terms ofhumility are used to show the speaker's modesty. 38. In English letters of request and indeed in mostEnglish letters, the for which the letter is written precedes thesupporting information. 39. Generally the English news report serves to amuse thereader, to present a piece of news in a light tone, while the Chinese newsreport is almost exclusively 40. Human territories can be classified into three basiccategories: primary territory, secondary territory and territory. IV. Answer the following questionsbriefly. (12%) 41. What does culture mean in a broad sense? 42. What is emphasized by collectivism? 43. Why was "Poison" that seemed a shock to peopleused as a perfume brand name? 44. What is psychological time orientation? V. Translation. (18%) 45．今天的人民日报在哪儿? 46．没什么，这是我应该做的。 47．知识就是力量。 48．久仰大名 49．a nine dayswonder 50. red handed VI. Discuss the following topics.(20%) 51. What are allusions? How do they reflect culture? 52. Discuss the features of styles of language byanalyzing the following sentences. (1) Visitorsshould go up the stairs at once. (2) Would youmincl going upstairs right away, please? (3) Time youall went upstairs, now. 2019年4月高等教育自学考试《语言与文化》试题 课程代码：00838 I. Each of the following incomplete statementsis followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternativescarefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes thestatement. (20%) 1. Without as the medium for formal or informalinstruction, no culture could ever be learned. A. thought B. language C. culture D. speech 2. When wesay that language is , wemean that there is no logical relationship between words and the objects thatthese words are used to refer to. A. systematic B. arbitrary C. symbolic D. vocal 3. The central theme of traditional Chineseculture is orenvironmentalism. A. individualism B.humanism C. socialism D. collectivism 4. The communicative value a word has inaddition to its conceptual meaning is the meaning of the word. A. collocative B. connotative C. affective D. thematic 5. The onomatopoeic words can be found in thefollowing sentences EXCEPT A. A pig squeals when it is hurt B. The croaky sounds disturbed me C. l:squeezed carefully through the crowd D. He shook his head with an appreciativechuckle 6. 1) Strike while the iron is hot. 2)趁热打铁 The above pair of sentences shows thegrammatical contrast between English and Chinese in A. grammatical morphemes B. subjects and objects C. paratactic and hypotacticrelations D. recipients andmodifiers 7. If a Chinese boy is named as “钟剑”,whichEnglish personal name is most proper for him? A. Joseph. B. Heather. C. Arthur. D. Brenda. 8. If an American professor has prepared aletter of recommendation for his student who is looking for a job, it iscustomary for the student to say," " A. You are my life-saver B. Thank you so much. I really appreciateyour help C. I'm sorry to have wasted your time D. I apologize for bothering you so manytimes 9. The following English proverbs are related tonavigation EXCEPT" " A. It is a hard sailing when there is nowind B. A great ship asks deep water C. England is the ringing island D. The good seaman is known in badweather 10. What feature of idioms does "each manfor himself and the devil take the hindmost" epresent? A. Idioms' patterns may be unusual fromthe other regular expressions. B. Idioms' meaning is unpredictable evenwhen their component words are known. C. An idiom has to be learned as a wordeven though it may consist of several words. D. The relationship between the idiomsand their meaning is arbitrary. 11. In the sentence "What a dull speech!He's merely parroting what many others have said", the vehicle is A. parrot B. a dull speech C. he D. many others 12. In the following metaphoricalexpressions," "shows love is war. A. I'm crazy about her B. 1 was entranced by him C. I could feel the electricity betweenus D. He is known for his many rapidconquests 13. Which ofthe following address form shows that in English culture familiarity is highly valued? A. Professor White. B. Mrs White. C. Miss White. D. John or Mary. 14. Thefollowing expressions are euphemisms of"die" EXCEPT A. go B. release C. breathe one's last D. be with God 15. Which ofthe following is NOT a textual connective? A. but B. if C. however D. of 16. Thebasic meaning of relations is "contrary toexpectation". A. additive B. adversative C. causal D. temporal 17. The wordthat has British English spelling is A. color B. cigaret C. defence D. civilize 18.Advertisement English differs from other varieties of English in many ways.Which of the following advertisements shows the feature of frequent use ofadjectives? A. Soothing, Sensuous. FragrantlyFragrant. B. I'm MORE satisfied. C. Only a large and active rent-a-carnetwork like European is ready to meet every demand of the important Middle East traveler. D. An unrivaled international collection ofexceptional natural fiber bedding, clothing, intimateapparel and personal accessories, for discerning adults and some very fortunatechildren. 19. Which ofthe following is NOT one of the functions of nonverbal messages? A. Complementing. B. Repeating. C. Substituting. D. Implying. 20. Incommunication very often we need to respond to the expectations from the peoplearound us and to exaggerate our facial behaviours to meet these expectations.This kind of facial management iscalled A. intensifying - B. deintensifying C. neutralizing D. masking II. Eachof the following incomplete statements isfollowed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternativescarefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There ismore than one correct answer to each question. 00%) 21. InEnglish kinship terms the distinction is ignored in "cousin". A. between blood relatives and spouserelatives B. between male and female relatives C. between paternal and maternal relatives D. made according to the seniority ofrelatives of the same generation 22. Themedium of nonverbal interaction includes , etc. A. verbal language B. habits C. gestures D. facialexpressions 23. Which ofthe following statements are true about English grammatical morphemes? A. In English all suffixes areinflectional morphemes. B. In English not all prefixes arederivational morphemes. C. Inflectional morphemes are also calledgrammatical morphemes. D. When inflectional morphemes areattached to words, they do not change the word class of the words. 24. It isquite common to find personal names in English related to A. religion B. historicalevents C. authority D. date of birth 25. TheChinese equivalents to the English idiom "to keep one's own company"are A．离群索居 B．独来独往 C白手起家 D．独当一面 26.Metaphors can be found in the sentence" " A. His words stabbed at her heart B. Look at your hands, boy, they're asblack as coal C. There are too many facts here for me todigest them all D. Pop looked so unhappy, almost like achild who has lost his piece of candy 27. Of thefollowing expressions, are euphemisms. A. plain looking B. physicallyhandicapped C. ugly D. crippled 28. Hypotacticrelations can be found in" " A. I believe he is an honest man B. He bought tea, coffee, eggs, milk, etc C. The man ran away when he saw the dog D. Bread and butter is my favouritebreakfast 29. Wordsthat are used in British English are A. engine B. tube C. railroad D. pavement 30. Of thefollowing gestures, mean the samein both English and Chinese body language systems. A. shaking one's head B. waving good-bye when people part C. touching or pointing to one's own nosewith raised forefinger D. rubbing one's thumb against one'sforefinger and middle finger III.Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%) 31. Languageis used for conveying , soits structure and function must reflect them. 32. TheChinese equivalent for "busybody" is "rather than "大忙人". 33.Morphemes are units ofmeaning in languages like Chinese and English. 34. Namesinclude names, surnames, full names, with or without atitle, and nicknames or pet names. 35. Impliedor indirect references are called 36. Thecreature, idea or object to be compared to something else is called a 37. Theeuphemism "have a tendency to stretch the truth" refers to thebehaviour of 38. Whenrhetoric is talked about, argumentationmeans that the central idea is presented at the beginning of a text and thatinformation supporting it is conveyed after it. 39. Manytechnical terms in English are wordsfrom Greek or Latin, such as "botany", "mathematics" and"datum". 40.Nonverbal communication is the process by which nonverbal behaviours are used,either singly or in combination with verbal behaviours, in the exchange andinterpretation of messages within a given situation or IV.Answer the following questions briefly. (12%) 41. How todefine the term "artistic thinking" as used in the discussion ofthought? 42. What canpeople get from a drugstore? 43. What dohypotactic relations refer to? 44. The leadin a news report normally presents briefly five Ws. Analyze the following news leadand write out at least three Ws. An83-year-oM great grand-mother received a bachelor’s degree from South-eastern Universitytoday, more than 50 years after she took her first college course. V. Translation. (18%) 45．白菜 46．您先请。 47．树倒猢狲散(Note：translateit wint an English proverb) 48. Everywise man dreadeth his enemy. 49. He wasrobbed of all his money. 50. I'd liketo have your comments on my book. (Note: It is often nothing but a politeremark when showing or giving one's own publications as a gift.) VI.Discuss the following topics. (20%) 51. What isa proverb? How are proverbs related to culture? 52. Discussthe major factors that affect people's choice of styles. 2019年10月高等教育自学考试《语言与文化》试题 课程代码：00838 I.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives.Read each statement and the four alternativescarefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. 1. Without ,it is impossible for man to know and describe the world. A. culture B. speech C. language D. thinking 2. In English "culture" is a loan wordfrom Latin, which was originally associated with andproduction of food. A. mental activities B. physical activities C. cultivation of one's mind D. development of language 3. Connotative meaning, social meaning,affective meaning and collocative meaning can be brought together under theheading meaning. A. conceptual B. associative C. thematic D. reflected 4. In Chinese culture collectivism emphasizesthe obligations and responsibilities that havefor the society. A. organizations B. teams C. collectives D. individuals 5. Morphemes are unitsof meaning in languages like Chinese and English. A. oldest B. attached C. smallest D. independent 6. 1) He caught me by the arms. 2)他抓住我的胳膊。 The above pair of sentences shows thegrammatical contrast between English and Chinesein A. grammatical morphemes B. subjects and objects C. paratactic and hypotacticrelations D. recipients andmodifiers 7. The proper address form of the Americanpresident is A. Donald Trump B. Mr. Donald C. Mr. Trump D. President Trump 8. If someone passes the salt on to you as aresponse to your request, you can say" tohim as a reply. A. Thank you B. I appreciate yourhelp C. I can't thank you enough D. Thank you all the same 9. The idiom "to be all thumbs" hasthe same meaning as" " A. to pull somebody's leg B. to have two left feet C. to hold one's head high D. to keep a straight face 10. Battleof Waterloo marks the end of Napoleon's rule as Emperor of the French. Today Waterloohas become an allusion, meaning . A. a very ambitious person B. a long distance race C. a final defeat D. aggressivepatriotism 11. In thesentence "What a dull speech! He's merely parroting what many others havesaid", the tenor is A. parrot B. a dull speech C. he D. many others 12. Which ofthe following metaphorical expressions shows that ideas are fashions? A.That idea went out of style years ago. B. We've used up all our ideas. C. His idea will live on forever. D. It's a rough idea; it needs to berefined. 13. Which ofthe following is NOT a term of humility? A. 敝人 B. 惠函 C. 献丑 D. 小女 14. Anythingthat is prohibited by religion, tradition or social usage is a(n) A. honourific B. term of humility C. euphemism D. taboo 15. EitherDANGER on a warning sign or a novel can be called A. words B. phrases C. texts D. sentences 16."Tickets, please!" said the guard, putting his head in at the window.In a moment everybody was holding out a ticket. The aboveexample illustrates relations. A. additive B. adversative C. causal D. temporal 17. Which ofthe following words means the same as "trousers" in British English? A. shorts B. pants C. sneakers D. underpants 18. From thebrand names "孔府家酒","玉环牌热水器","西施兰夏露",we can find that in Chinese many brand names are A. named after their designers ormanufacturers B. newly invented words or coinages C. related to historical figures or events D. borrowed from other cultures 19. Which ofthe following definitions of nonverbal communication is NOT true? A. Nonverbal communication iscommunication without words. B. Nonverbal communication iscommunication in which speech sounds are used. C. Nonverbal communication is anythingsomeone does to which someone else assigns meaning. D. Nonverbal communication is the study offacial expressions, touch, time, gestures, smell, eye behavior, and so on. 20. We mayfeel our knees are shaking and our hands are trembling while we are experiencingfear, but often we cannot control them. Gestures in this example are A. adapters B. affect displays C. regulators D. illustrators II. Each of the following incomplete statementsis followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefullyand decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There is morethan one correct answer to each question. 21. Languageis the of cultural information. A. symbol B. carrier C. instrument D. container 22. Heavyuse of the roads in the United States has resulted in the rapid development of various,roadsidebusinesses, including and so on. A. motels B. hotels C. drive-ins D. diners 23. Which ofthe following sentences are active in form but passive in meaning? A. The door locks easily. B. History is made by the people. C．困难被我们克服了。 D．道路加宽了，立交桥也修起来了。 24. Amongthe following names, the religious names are A. Lily B. Christian C. Angela D. Oscar 25. What istrue about idioms? A. Idioms' patterns are not unusual fromthe other regular expressions. B. Idioms' meaning is unpredictable evenwhen their component words are known. C. An idiom has to be learned as a wordeven though it may consist of several words. D. The relationship between theexpressions of the idioms and their meaning is arbitrary 26. Similescan be found in sentence" " A. His words stabbed at her heart B. He is as strong as a horse C. That young man is a bear at mathematics D. Pop looked so unhappy, almost like achild who has lost his piece of candy 27. Thereare many euphemisms in English for lavatory, such as A. to wash one's hands B. to go to the lavatory C. to powder one's nose D. to relieve oneself 28. Which ofthe following examples illustrate adversative relations? A. My client says he does not know thiswitness. Further, he denies ever having seen heror spoken to her. B. I'd love to join in. Only I don't knowhow to play. C. I may be back tonight; I'm not sure.Either way, just make yourself at home. D. He showed no pleasure at hearing thenews. Instead he looked even gloomier. 29. Of thefollowing words, are used in American English. A. repair B. anyplace C. ticket office D. news stand 30. Eyebehaviours are often considered the most important in the human communication process.They have such qualities as A. saliency B. arousal C. involvement D. neutralization III.Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. 31.Intercultural communication mainly deals with andnonverbal interaction and related factors in intercultural communication. 32. TheChinese equivalent for "busywork" is" "ratherthan "忙碌的工作". 33.Morphemes can be classified into inflectional and morphemes. 34. Terms offamily relationships like "mother", "father","son" can all be used as vocatives and are termed as standard 35. A brieffamiliar maxim of folk wisdom is a ,which is usually compressed in form, often involving a bold image andfrequently a jingle that catches the memory. 36. Thevehicle refers to the through which something is expressed ordisplayed. 37. Both"妇人之见" and "头发长，见识短"in Chinese and the proverb "Wife and children are bill of charges" inEnglish reflect in Chinese and English culture. 38. If twoor more sentences are just juxtaposed without any connectives in between, theyare related,as in the following example "The door was open. He walked in." 39. Whenpreparing legal documents, the draftsmen and lawyers often quote from the establishedmodels. Therefore, legal documents are normally andconservative. 40. Gesturesthat are closely linked with language and that help to illustrate the spokenwords are IV.Answer the following questions briefly. 41. Why dopeople say that culture is a national phenomenon? 42. What isthe difference in the connotative meaning of the word "book" inEnglish and Chinese culture? 43. What doparatactic relations refer to? 44. How doesEST (English for science and technology) reflect individualistic culture? V.Translation. 45．人不犯我，我不犯人。 46．伊丽莎白女王 47．寒舍 48. Homersometimes nods. 49. whitealert 50. Carrycoals to Newcastle. VI.Discuss the following topics. 51. What is the linguistic contrast betweenEnglish and Chinese in the view of the sentence pattern? Discuss how thinkingpatterns provide a cultural interpretation for this linguistic contrast in sentence patterns. 52. 1) the red carpet; 开门红 2) in the red; 赤字 3) to become red faced; 脸红 Use theabove three groups to illustrate the associative meanings of "red" inEnglish and "红" in Chinese. |
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