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听力教程第三版5 Unit 10 fingting against drugs
甲基苯丙胺 C 10 H 15 N。 （第一类精神药品 Class I psychotropic drugs） ---CD
Representative figures: Ivan IV and Peter I （Russia）
原文（some federal officials and law enforcement agents who took bribes from criminal organizations.) ---part E
同义词：drug drugstore同义词：Pharmacy
drugstore同义词：Pharmacy
A threats to your health 1. Choices surround you during adolescence. Your parents guided you towards choices when you were a child, but now the responsibility increasingly falls upon your shoulders. You hear warnings about outside influences from your parents and teachers. You may listen,but you want to be “one of the gang.”Peer approval is very important to you. And this may become a real problem regarding the temptations that lure adolescents. The temptations we refer to are drugs, alcohol, tobacco, etc.
问题：
True, everyone has his or her own beliefs about what is right and wrong. But the truth is that all these behaviors can pose threats to your health and you can't argue with that. If you want to be at your best you need to know the facts about habits that can affect your health. So here they are: the facts. 香烟Tobacco: In your teenage years your body is at a very important stage of development. Teenage refers to 13 to 19 years old 香烟物质 Cigarettes contain some 4000 chemicals (200 of which are known poisons) that can throw off that process. The risks include： 1.poor sense of taste, 2.weakened immune system, 3.smoker's cough, 4.stomach ulcers, In a broad sense, gastric ulcer refers to the ulcer that occurs in the gastric horn, gastric antrum, cardia and hiatal hernia. It is a kind of peptic ulcer. （An ulcer is a sore area on the outside or inside of your body which is very painful and may bleed or produce an unpleasant poisonous substance.） 5.bronchitis, an illness that affects the bronchial tubes leading to the lungs 6.increased heart rate, 7.heightened blood pressure, 8.premature wrinkles, When someone's skin wrinkles or when something wrinkles it, lines start to form in it because the skin is getting old or damaged. 9.emphysema, --a condition that affects the lungs, making it difficult to breathe 10.heart disease, 11.stroke and other diseases. ----11 diseases （与患癌有关、损害liver的是：Alcohol、Marijuana） 酒 Alcohol: drugstore同义词：Pharmacy Alcohol is a legal drug for those who are of age, but it's still a drug. 药物 Next time you're offered a beer at a party, think of these statistics: Alcohol contributes to more than 100 000 deaths annually, and it's the third leading cause of preventable deaths in the U.S. In the short term, alcohol distorts vision, impairs judgement, and causes bad breath and hangovers.
In the long term, habitual alcohol drinkers suffer from vitamin deficiencies, skin problems, stomach ailments, liver damage, heart and nervous system damage, and memory loss. Heavy drinking can harm almost every organ and systemin the body, and it carries with it an increased risk for cancer.
大麻Marijuana： 危害 In the short term, this drug can cause fatigue, impaired memory, increased heart rate, dry mouth, and hallucinations. In the long term, it can mean enhanced cancer risk.
可卡因Cocaine: a stimulant, is highly addictive and often results in the user sacrificing all else in life to obtain and use the drug. 危害 Its risks are serious and include increased blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, and body temperature heart attack; stroke; lung failure; hepatitis or AIDS through contaminated shared needles; weakened immune system; hallucinations; anxiety; and loss of touch with reality.
2.鉴别吸毒的方法 Knowing whether a friend or relative is in trouble with drugs is sometimes hard. But if someone has one or more of the following signs, that person may have a drug or alcohol problem: ●Getting high or drunk regularly ●Lying about the amount of drugs or alcohol being used ●Avoiding you and others to get drunk or high ●Giving up activities such as sports, homework, or hanging out with friends who don't drink or use drugs ●Having to use more alcohol or drugs to get the same effect (a tendency called tolerance) ●Constantly talking about drugs or alcohol ●Believing that drugs and alcohol have to be part of a good time ●Pressuring others to drink or use drugs ●Getting into trouble with the law ●Getting suspended ●Taking risks (unprotected sex, driving drunk, and so forth) ●Feeling depressed, run-down, or suicida ●Performing poorly at school or work B ecstasy 摇头丸smokable methamphetamine 摇头丸成分：MDMA、 MDA、AM、 MAM （口服摇头丸几分钟后即开始作用，1~1.5小时达到高峰，一般持续作用时间为4~6小时。）Oral ecstasy starts to work in a few minutes, reaches the peak in 1~1.5 hours, and generally lasts for 4~6 hours.
Last month, American agents seized more than 2 million tablets of the illegal drug known as Ecstasy in a raid in the state of California. Federal officials say it was the biggest seizure of the drug in the United States. agents ：An agent is a person who works for a country's secret service. California：Western United States The tablets were seized at Los Angeles International Airport after they arrived on an airplane from France. Officials say the tablets had a market value of about 40 million dollars. 40, 000, 000
Experts say the number of Americans using Ecstasy has risen sharply in recent years. Federal agents have seized about 8 million tablets in the past ten months. They say the drug is produced in European Laboratories ,mainly in the Netherlands.荷兰 MDMA is short for ecstasy Ecstasy is not a new drug. （摇头丸的产生过程） a chemical name A company in Germany first developed the drug-also known as M-D-M-A—in 1912. American Drug Enforcement Administration officials say a small number of American doctors gave the drug to patients with emotional problems in the late 1970s. ---医生卖毒品给病人 However, the drug was declared illegal in the United States in 1985. -禁毒Federal officials say the drug has no accepted medical use. Illegal use of the drug became common about 10 years ago.--逐渐普遍 Ecstasy has gained popularity among young people who attend night clubs and all-night dance parties known as raves. The drug causes a chronical reaction in the brain. Users of the drug say it makes them feel happy and calm. It also increases good feelings for other people. DEA officials say Ecstasy is often taken in combination with other drugs. Ecstasy is said to suppress the need to eat, drink or sleep. As a result, users of the drug may not get enough to drink or become extremely tired. Drug Enforcement Administration DEA officials say Ecstasy may cause serious side effects. These include： increases in body temperature, muscle tension, shaking and weakened eyesight. The drug also may cause increases in heart rate and blood pressure. American officials say scientists are just beginning to study the effects of long-term Ecstasy use. In one study, scientists found that repeated use of the drug caused brain damage. Another study found that people who used Ecstasy had memory problems that lasted for weeks after they stopped taking the drug. Both studies suggest that the amount of damage is directly linked to how much of the drug is used. C Anti-drug in Mexico In the city of Merida, on February 15th, Mexican President noted that fighting drug smuggling is a Mexican priority... (Spanish) The President said, "Our country is like the majority of nations of this continent and the world face(s) a very grave threat from narcotics trafficking. Drugs destroy lives, tear apart families and weaken communities. For this reason, for Mexicans, the commitment to fight against drugs is first of all a commitment to ourselves." Merida：Merida is in the Yucatan Peninsula/ in southeastern Mexico $500，000，000 With this in mind, Mexico recently announced a 500-million-dollar anti-drug program as part of what was described as a total war on drugs. Mexican cartels had now surpassed 前贩毒第一的城市Columbian drug smuggling organizations and that 后贩毒第一的城市Mexico is now the number one source of narcotics entering the United States. 禁毒困难的原因 Many Mexican government officials and political analysts concede that corruption has reached high levels, but they note that this is another reason why Mexico needs to take the drug fight seriously. D Anti-drug effort in Southeast Asia 曼谷 Bangkok：
United Nations 谁参加了这个会议：China Ministers and representatives of more than a dozen Asian countries are attending a UN sponsored conference in Bangkok to discuss ways of making Southeast Asia free of drugs within 15 years. In his opening address, the Thai Prime Minister said the problem of narcotic drugs had become broader in. scope and more complex than ever before. He said it could be tackled properly only through greater international cooperation. UN officials say Southeast Asia has made significant progress in recent years towards shedding its unenviable reputation as the world's leading supplier of narcotic drugs. 结果The cultivation of opium poppies in particular has been sharply reduced, even eradicated in several countries. Yet Southeast Asia remains today the second largest source of illicit opium-based drugs while heroin trafficking and consumption are still serious problems. Moreover, a new and growing threat is posed by the booming trade in methamphetamines. Earlier this year, the ten ASEAN countries put their names through an ambitious plan to rid the region of illicit drugs. Thailand's Foreign Minister says this week's conference, the first of its kind, signals an important new level of international commitment. ASEAN ：Association of South East Asian Nations
One highly significant presence in Bangkok is a senior delegation from China. In his address, the Chinese delegate said Beijing had made a significant contribution in cracking down on drug-related crimes in the region and had stepped u cooperation with several of its southern neighbors. 曼谷 Bangkok：
E. No drug smuggling! The director of the U.S. office of national drug-control policy says the United States is doing its part to reduce the demand for illegal narcotics. Retired General Barry McCaffrey is in Mexico City to learn more about efforts to stop drug smuggling.
Speaking at a Mexico City College Wednesday, General McCaffrey addressed the concern that has often been expressed here and then other parts of Latin America that the United States is not doing enough to curb demand for drugs. He says that prevention programs are working in the United States, and that just in the past year there's been a 13% drop in drug abuse. General McCaffrey says the reduction in drug use has also led to an overall drop in crime. 犯罪率下降 “In the United States, we've had literally a 50% drop in drug related murders in under 10 years. A huge drop of a third in the overall murder rate. Dramatic drops in general crime."
But General McCaffrey admitted that the United States has not done Rough to provide treatment for the more than 4 million people who are chronically addicted to drugs. He says two-thirds of people undergoing treatment under strict conditions and model programs substantially changed their drug-taking behavior. But he says the chemical changes made in the brains of addicts make it difficult for them to completely break their habits.He says more emphasis needs to be put on the medical and social aspects of the problem,and less on the law enforcement effort. $57,000,000,000 General McCaffrey says people in the United States spend 57 billion dollars on narcotics each year, and that this flood of money fosters corruption on both sides of the border. He says U.S. federal prisons alone hold more than 100 000 prisoners convicted of drug-related crimes. These include, he says, some federal officials and law enforcement agents who took bribes from criminal organizations. As for Mexican cooperation in the effort to stop drug smuggling, General McCaffrey says Mexican officials know it is in their country's best interest to prevent criminal organizations from destabilizing the nation. The top U.S. drug fighter says the two nations are bound together by more than just this one problem, but it is one that they must address together.
"There is almost no border between the two nations. Our cultures are interpenetrated with one another. Mexican influence on food, on music, on our American life is profound. How could we not act in partnership on the drug issue as well as economic matters, political matters, cultural matters, waste water management in border cities? We have very little option but to try and reach out in a respectful, deliberate manner to confront the drug issue”. |
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