Module2ThepowerofimagesUnit3Colors知识要点梳理ReadingVocabularyPerson alityn性格、个性Fascinatingadj迷人的Emotionaladj 情绪的、情感的Energeticadj精力充沛的、积极的Adventurousadj有冒险精神的 、大胆开拓的Firmnessn坚定Ambitiousadj有雄心的Remind…….of 使....想起(类似的人、地方、事物)Peaceandquiet宁静Relaxedadj放 松的、冷静的Familiaradj熟悉的Rareadj稀少的、稀罕的Injury n伤害、损害Associate…….with……联想、联系Stimulatev 促进、激发Thusadv因而、从而Thinkof…….as……把....看作.... Reliableadj可靠的、可信赖的travelagent旅行代办人、旅行代办商symbol izev象征morereadingVocabularyassociationn联想、联系dependo n取决于makeadifference有影响wrapv包装circumstancesn【pl】复数 环境、状况offendv冒犯、得罪embarrassv使窘迫funeraln葬礼mourni ngn哀悼briden新娘、即将或刚刚结婚的女子virtuen高尚的道德、德行purityn纯洁 、纯净stickto坚持做某事smartadj光鲜的、漂亮的Braziln巴西unpackv打 开、取出mistake…….for把什么错当成KeyWords重点单词1.Personalityn性格、 个性Hispersonalityleftadeepimpressiononus.他的人品给我们留下了深刻的印 象。知识拓展Personaladj个人的、亲自的Theymadeapersonalvisittothefa mouswriter.他们亲自拜访了那位著名的作家。2Fascinatingadj迷人的Hefound worldtravelfascinating.他发现周游世界是一件非常美妙的事。知识拓展Fascinatev迷住、 强烈吸引Befascinatedby\with被....、、、迷住Thechildwasfascinatedwith hisnewtoy.那孩子对他的新玩具着了迷。3.Emotionaladj情绪的、情感的Winning gaveusemotionalsatisfaction.获胜给予我们感情上的满足。2)易动情的、感情脆弱的Sheisa nemotionalwoman.她是个易动情的妇人。知识拓展Emotionn感情、情感Love,hatred ,andgriefareemotions.爱、恨和悲都是感情。4.energeticadj精力充沛的、积极的He isanenergetictennisplayer.他是个精力充沛的网球手。知识拓展Energyn精力、 能量Theyareworkingwithenergy.他们真正干劲十足地工作。指点迷津Power、strength\for ce1)power权力、能力、电力、强权Helosthispowerofspeech.他失去了说话的能力。2)s trength力气Hehasn’tgotenoughstrengthtoremovethatstone.他没 有足够的力气搬走那块石头。3)force力量、暴力、武力、影响力Thewriterwriteswithforce.这 位作家的文章很有说服力。5.Adventurousadj有冒险精神的、大胆开拓的Tomwasverya dventurous,alwayswillingtotrynewthings.汤姆富有冒险精神、总是愿意尝试新事物, 知识拓展Adventuren冒险、冒险经历Heisamanfullofadventure.他是一个充满冒 险精神的人。6.firmnessn坚定Ihaveneverdoubtedthefirmnessofhi sbeliefinhisownabilities.我从来不怀疑他对自身能力的坚定信念。知识拓展Firmadj 坚定的Heisafirmbelieverintraditionalfamilyvalues.他坚信传统家庭观 。7.ambitionsadj有雄心的Beingquiteambitious,thechefworkedd ayandnighttomakehisrestaurantasuccess.那位厨师雄心勃勃,为了使他的餐馆一举成 功,他夜以继日地工作着。常用搭配Beambitiousfor\ofsth\todo对某事有雄心的。Heisam bitionsforsuccess\tosucceed.他很渴望成功。知识拓展Ambitionn雄心、抱负 Hersonwasfilledwithambitiontobecomeagreatinventor.她儿子 一心想成为伟大的发明家。8.relaxedadj放松的、冷静的Lyinginthebedandlisteni ngtomusic,Tomfeltveryrelaxedandhappy.常用搭配Berelaxedabout sth对某人放心的Myparentsarefairlyrelaxedaboutmestayingoutla te.我在外面待到很晚父母非常放心。知识拓展Relaxv放松、缓和Sherelaxedhermindbylis teningtomusic.她听听音乐使大脑得到休息。Relaxationn放松、休息、消遣Theremust benorelaxationinourhighstandards.我们坚持高标准、决不容许有任何放松。Relaxi ngadj令人轻松的Youcanlistentotherelaxingmusicinthebath. 你可以在洗澡的时候听轻松的音乐。9.familiaradj熟悉的常用搭配Sthbefamiliartosb 某事对于某人来说很熟悉Thispopsongisfamiliartomanypeople.许多人对这首流行歌曲很 熟悉。Sbbefamiliarwithsth.某人熟悉、通晓某事Iamveryfamiliarwiththe lifeinQingdao,forIspentmychildhoodthere.我非常熟悉青岛的生活,因为我在那 儿度过了童年。10.rareadj稀少的、稀罕的Theseflowersareveryrareinthi scountry.这些花在该国很少见。知识拓展Rarelyadv很少、难得Irarelyhavetimeto readanewspaper.我很少有时间看报纸。11.injuryn伤害、损伤、损害Thedriverw asrushedtoanearbyhospitalwithseriousleginjuries.司机由于腿部严重 受伤被迅速送到附近一家医院。知识拓展Injurev损害、伤害Hefellandinjuredhisback. 他摔倒了,背部受伤了。受伤的InjuredadjHisshoulderwasinjured.他肩部受伤了。指点 迷津Injury\harm\damage这一组词有“伤害、损害”的意思。1)injury主要指人的身心受损Overwork didhimmuchinjury.超负荷劳动给他造成了很大的损害。2)harm相对于injury而言语气较弱,可用于身 体、名誉、权利、事业等损害。Badbooksdogreatharmtotheyoungpeopleinvari ousways.坏书给年轻人造成多方面的损害。3)damage常用于物质上的损害(损坏)Anearthquakeofte ncausesgreatdamage.地震常常造成很大的损害。12.stimulatev促进、激发Thego vernmentwilldoeverythinginitspowertostimulateeconomicgr owth.政府将竭尽全力去刺激经济发展知识拓展Stimulationn刺激、鼓舞Lazypeopleneedst imulationtomakethemwork.懒人需要激励才能使他们工作。13.thusadv因而、从而She alwaysfinishesherhomeworkontimeeveryday,thussettingasid esometimeforpianopractice.他总是每天按时完成作业,这样能留出时间练钢琴。友情提示thus可 以放在句子的前面、后面或中间,表示与前句的因果关系。也可以后面加doing表示因果关系。Hedidn’tworkhard. Thushewasfired.他工作不努力、因此被解雇。14.reliableadj可靠的、可信赖的Ifoun dthistobeareliablebrandofwashingmachines.我觉得这是一种牌子可靠的洗衣机 。知识拓展RelyvRelyon依靠、指望常用搭配Relyonsb\sth(forsth\doing\todo) 依靠、指望某人、某物做Irelyonyouforgoodadvice.我仰仗你的好建议。15.symbolize v象征、代表Thedovesymbolizespeace.鸽子象征和平。知识拓展Symboln象征、 标志、记号常用搭配Symbolofsth是...象征Thewhitebirdisasymboloffreed om.这白色的鸟是自由的象征。Symbolicadj象征的、象征性的、作为象征的常用搭配Besymbolicof sth象征.....的ThecrossissymbolicofChristianity.十字架是基督教的象征。II KeyExpressions重点词组remind…………of使....想起(类似的人、地方、事物等Thoseol dphotosremindmeofmyhappychildhood.那些老照片使我想起了快乐的童年时光。2.peac eandquiet安宁、宁静Thewritermovedtothecountrytofindsomep eaceandquiet.那位作家搬到了乡村以求安宁。3.Associate…….with……联想、联系The Chineseoftenassociatedwithhappiness.中国人经常把红色和喜庆联系起来。4.thinko f…..as…….把……看作…………近义词组regard……as..consider……..as……view…… .as……treat……as…..lookon……as…..NearlyeveryonethinksofMrS mithassomeonetobetrusted.几乎所有人都认为史密斯先生是个值得信赖的人。KeySentenc es重难点句子Thosewhopreferbluearecalmandincontrol,andprefe rapeacefullife.prefer之后既可加不定式,又可接动名词,常用于以下三种结构:Prefer+不定式/动名词 Prefer+动名词+to+动名词Prefer+不定式+ratherthan+不定式(无to)Eg.Don’ttellm ehissecret.Iprefernottoknow.incontrol在控制之中=undercontr ol,beingcontrolledorgovernedE.g.Youshouldlearntokeepyou rtemperincontrol.知识拓展outofcontrolnolongerundercontrol 失去控制E.g.Theplanegotoutofcontrolandcrashedintothesea.飞 机失控,坠入大海havecontrolofsth.Controlsth控制E.g.Theyhavegood controlofhim.他们能够很好控制他.Losecontrolofsth.Notincontrola tall失去控制E.g.Youshouldn’thavelostcontrolofyourtemperon suchanoccasion.你不应该在这种场合发脾气。Greenmeansfirmness,adislikeof changeandafearoffailure.本句中的dislike是名词E.g.Shetookanimmed iatedisliketohim她一见面就不喜欢他知识拓展做动词时,dislike后可接名词,代词或动名词,不能接不定式 。E.g.Idislikeselfishpeople.我不喜欢自私的人。Eachcoloraffectsusin adifferentway.1.affectv.影响E.g.Thechangeinclimatemayaffe ctyourhealth.气候的变化可能影响你的健康。指点迷津:affect,effectaffect一般做动词用 ,意为“影响,感动”E.g.Theentirecountrywasaffectedbydrought.整个国家都受 到旱灾的影响;effect常用作名词,有“影响,效果,作用”之意。E.g.Thedecorationsmadequite aneffect.友情提示Effect的常见词组搭配有comeintoeffect(实行,实施),takeeffect (生效,奏效)等。wayn.方面E.g.Thetwobrothersarealikeinmanyways.这 两兄弟在许多方面都相似。常用搭配Alltheway一直;从头到尾innoway决不inaway在某种程度 上;从某一点看;People’spulseratesdecreaseandtheyfeelmorerelaxed whentheysee...指点迷津Decrease,reduce.Decrease可做名词,及物/不及物动词,意指“在 数量、大小、体积等方面逐渐变小”E.g.Decreasethedoseofmedicineasyoufeelbe tter.reduce可做及物动词,意指“使......减少,降低,减低”E.g.Shesetherselftheta skofreducingtheamountofwastetoaminimum.Itisnotonlyna turalthatredshouldmakepeopletense..Itisnotnaturalthat. ..意为“.....是很正常的”知识拓展这个句型要注意从句用shoulddo,这是虚拟语气的一种用法。某些形容词在it is...that...的句型里需要虚拟,例如:important,essential,strange,impossibl e,surprising,regrettable,advisable,desirable,incredible等,sh ould通常可以省略。E.g.ItisimportantthatI(should)speakwithMr.Jo hnimmediately.我要立刻和约翰先生讲话,这很重要。tenseadj.紧张的;引起紧张的;E.g.Thesit uationsuddenlybecametense.局部突然变得紧张起来。Notonlydoesitstimula tetheappetite,butitalsomakespeoplefeelenergetic,sothat aftertheyhaveeatentheywillleavemorequickly,thusmaking spaceformorecustomers.notonly放在句首时需要用部分倒装,但在but(also)后面还 是要用陈述句语序。需注意的是,also属于引起注意的副词,通常放在需引起注意的副词之前。E.g.Notonlydidt heparentsenjoytheholidaybutalsotheirchildrenhadagoodt ime.不仅父母喜欢这次度假,而且他们的孩子也玩得很开心。sothat引导的是一个目的状语从句,从句中一般含有情态动词ca n/couldmay/mightwill/wouldshould等。E.g.Shedecidedtodoa part-timejobinthesummervacationsothatshecouldearnsome moneytoaffordherdailyexpensesinthenextterm.她决定在暑假做兼职,这样 就能赚些钱来支付下学期的生活费。makespacefor...意为“为...腾出空间”Makespacefor=ma keroomforE.g.Theyoungladymovedasideinordertomakespace forthefatman.为了腾出空间给那位肥胖的男子坐,年轻女士往旁边移了一下。Thesepersuadepeopl etothinkofthebankasasafeandreliableplace.Persuadesb todosth“说服某人做某事”E.g.It’sawasteoftimepersuadinghimtogi veupsmoking,forhealwaysturnsadeafeartoothers’advice.说 服他戒烟是浪费时间,因为他总是对别人的建议置之罔闻。8.Yellowmakesusthinkofsunshinean dholidays,...此句为make+宾语+不带to的不定式结构。知识拓展“make/let+宾语”之后的不定式不可有to .但make用作被动语态时,后面的不定式里的to不可省略。E.g.Moneymakesthemarego.有钱能使鬼 推磨助动词will,would,can,could,shall,should,may,might,must,d o,does,did之后所接的不定式不可有toE.g.Weshouldbekindtoothers.我们应该善待 他人。在hadbetter,wouldrather等之后的结构不用to.E.g.Iwouldrathernotdr inkanything.我宁愿什么都不喝。Colourisapowerfultool.指点迷津:tool,inst rumenttool通常指手工劳动中使用的工具(以节省时间和劳力为目的),也可指任何为职业或工作所需的工具或手段。E.g.Ham mers,saws,axes,etc.Arealltools.instrument指使用于科研或艺术活动中的器具;E .g.Surgicalinstruments外科器具musicalinstruments乐器Morereadi ngI.KeyWords重点单词wrapv.Tocoversomethingcompletelywithpap erorothermaterials包装常用搭配Wrapsth(up)aroundsth.把...缠绕,包在. ..外面Wrapsth(up)insth.把...包在...里面E.g.Shewrappedascarfaro undherneck.她把一条围巾围在脖子上。Circumstancen.Pl.Theconditionsand factsthatareconnectedwithasituation,aneventoranaction (复数)环境;状况常用搭配In/under...Circumstance在...情况下E.g.Innormalcircu mstanceIwouldhaveresignedimmediately.在正常情况下,我本会马上辞职输完。offen dv.Tomake(someone)upsetbecauseofsomethingonesaysordoes thatisrudeorembarrassing.冒犯;得罪E.g.Iwillnotfeeloffended ifyoudonotagreewithme.即使你不同意,我也不会介意的。知识拓展Offense/offence n.Upsetandhurtfeelingsofannoyance,oftenbecausesomeoneha srudeorshownalackofrespect冒犯,得罪E.g.Shemeantnooffense bytheremark.她说那句话并无恶意。embarrassv.Tomake(someone)feelshy, awkwardorashamed,especiallyinasocialsituation使窘迫E.g.No tbeingabletoanswerthequestioncorrectly,thegirlfeltvery embarrassed.由于不能正确回答这个问题,女孩感觉很尴尬。常用搭配Beembarrassesby/with... 被...弄的窘迫E.g.Arthurseemedtobeembarrassedbythequestion.亚瑟似乎 被这个问题弄得有些窘迫。知识拓展Embarrassmentn.Somethingthatmakesyouembar rassed窘迫,难堪E.g.Myfaceturnedredwithembarrassed我窘得脸都红了;Pro sperityn.Thestateofbeingsuccessful,especiallyfinancially繁荣 E.g.Wewishyouhealth,happiness,andprosperity.我们祝愿你健康,幸福,事业 兴旺。知识拓展Prosperousadjsuccessful,usuallybyearningalotof money繁荣的E.g.Shanghaiisaprosperouscity.上海是一个繁荣的城市。6.funera ln.aceremony,usuallyareligiousone,forburyingadeadperson 葬礼e.g.Whenishisfuneral?他的葬礼何时举行?Thefuneralwasheldatthe footofthemountain.葬礼在山脚下举行。7.mourningn.Sadnessthatisshow norfeltbecausesomeonehasdied哀悼e.g.Everyonewasinmournin gforthepeoplewhodiedintheWenchuanEarthquake.每个人都在为汶川地震中的 遇难者哀悼。【知识拓展】mournv.tofeelorexpressgreatsadness,especially becauseofsomeone’sdeath哀悼e.g.Thetribesmenaremourningthed eathoftheirchief.那部落里的人正在哀悼他们首领的去世。8.briden.awomenonherwe ddingday,orjustbeforeorafterit新娘;即将(或刚刚)结婚的女子e.g.Thebrid elookedherbestinherwhiteweddingdress.那位新娘穿上白色的婚纱看上去最美了。9 .virtuen.[formal]behaviourorattitudesthatshowhighmoralsta ndards高尚的道德;德行e.g.Kindness,honestyandcouragearehisvirtues .善良、诚实和勇敢是他的美德。Heismanofgreatvirtue.他是一个品德高尚的人。【知识拓展】virtuo usadj.you有道德的;善良的10.purityn.astateorqualityofbeingmorall ygood纯洁;纯净e.g.Weadmireditspurityofform.我们崇拜它纯正的形式。Though hisactionshadabadeffect,noonedoubtedthepurityofhismo tives.尽管他的行为造成了负面影响,却没有人怀疑他的动机是好的。【知识拓展】pureadj.notmixedwith anythingelse纯洁的,纯净的e.g.purewater/good/cotton纯净水/纯金/纯棉Th eairbytheseaispureandhealthy.海边的空气清新又有益健康。purifyv.to removebadsubstancesfromsomethingtomakeitpure净化e.g.Plan tshelptopurifytheair.植物能净化空气。11.smartadj.welldressedin fashionableand/orformalclothes光鲜的;漂亮的e.g.Theyoungladylo okedverysmartinthatredjacket.那位年轻女士穿着红色夹克衫,看上去非常漂亮。【知识拓展】sm artadj.聪明的e.g.Whatasmartboy!多么聪明的男孩呀!12.unpackv.tomake thingsoutofasuitcase,bag,etc.打开(箱、包等)取e.g.Sheunpackedhe rsuitcaseassoonasshearrivedhome.她一到家就打开行李箱,取出里面的东西。Ⅱ.Ke yExpressions重点词组1.dependontobeaffectedordecidedby(somet hing)取决于【常用搭配】dependonsb./sth.(forsth./doing/todo…)依靠/取决于某 人/某物(做某事)e.g.Thecountrydependsheavilyonforeignaid.这个国家非常依 赖于外国资助。【知识拓展】bedependentonadj.依靠,取决于e.g.It''sveryeasyto becomedependentonsleepingpills.很容易就会对安眠药产生依赖。2.makeadi fferencetohaveaneffect(onsomeoneorsomething)有影响e.g.Itw on''tmakeadifferencewhetheryougotodayortomorrow.无论你今天去或是 明天去没有多大区别。3.sticktotocontinuedoingorusing(something)坚持做 (某事)【常用搭配】sticktosth./doingsth.坚持某事/做某事e.g.Whateverd ifficultieshefaced,hestucktohisbeliefs.不管遇到什么困难,他还是坚守信念。 4.mistake…fortothinkwronglythat(someoneorsomething)is(s omeoneorsomethingelse)把…错当成e.g.Thetwosisterslookedsoa likethatIoftenmistookonefortheother.那姐妹俩长得太像了,以至于我经常把她俩混 淆。Ⅲ.KeySentences重难点句子1.Sinceitisthecolourofwinter,the timewhenplantsshedtheirleavesanddie,itisconsideredtob eacolourofdeathandmourninginsomecountries.(1)since意为“既 然;由于”,引导一个原因状语从句。e.g.Sinceyoucan''tanswerthequestion,wehav etoasksomeoneelse.既然你无法回答这个问题。我们只能再问别人。(2)beconsidered(to be)被认为是……e.g.Heisconsideredagoodleader.他被认为是个优秀的领导人。【知识 拓展】含有consider的其他常用搭配;considerdoing考虑做某事considerthat…认为…… e.g.Heisconsideringgoingabroadforfurtherstudy.他正考虑出国留学。 语法归纳总结主语从句(SubjectiveClause)在句中做主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句是名词性从句的一种,通常放在主 句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。从句通常由that,whether或其他疑问代词引导。(一)that引导 的主语从句1.that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:(1)It+be+形容词(obvious,true,na tural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,pro bable,etc.)+that从句。e.g.Itiscertainthattheboywilldowell inhisexam.(2)It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句。e.g.It''sapitythattheycan''tgo.(3)It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。e.g.ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinNanjing.在口语和非正式文体中,that常可省略,尤其是在非常短的句子中,that总是不必要的,但that从句位于句首时,连词that是绝对不能省略的。e.g.It’sapity(that)you’releaving.你要走,真遗憾。疑问词引导的主语从句主语从句也可以由疑问词引导,如:who、why、where、how和what。这类主语从句的语序通常是陈述句语序而不是疑问句语序。e.g.Itisnosecretwhybanksliketousemoreserious,restfulcolourssuchasblue,brownandgreen.为什么银行喜欢用诸如蓝色、褐色和绿色等更严肃和宁静的颜色就不是什么秘密了。whether引导的主语从句主语从句也可以由whether引导,描述两种不同的可能性。这两种可能性常由or连接。e.g.Itcanmakeabigdifferencewhetheryouwearredorwhitetoawedding.你穿红色还是白色去参加婚礼是有很大区别的。主语从句中只能用whether,不能用it。e.g.Whetherhewillcomeisstillnotdecided.他是否回来仍然没有决定。【友情提示】主语从句都是陈述句语序。what和that的区别。what=thething(s)that,它本身在从句中充当某个成分,主语,宾语或表语,其含义为“所做/说/想的”。而that在从句中不充当成分。e.g.Whathesaidisimportanttome.他说的话对我很重要。www.xuesitang.cnwww.xuesitang.cn4 |
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