be用法 | 1、跟现在分词构成各种进行时态 | They are playing war games with toy guns and toy tanks.他们正在用玩具枪和玩具坦克玩战争游戏。 |
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| We were playing video games on TV last night. 昨晚我们在电视上玩电子游戏。 |
| 2、跟过去分词构成被动语态 | He's not respected by the press.他们不受报界的尊重。 |
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| We were taught how to use a computer last year.去年教过我们怎样用计算机。 |
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have用法 | have后面跟过去分词构成各种完成时态 | We've known each other since three years ago.我们从三年前就认识了。 |
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do的用法 | 1、帮构成实意动词一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问式和否定式:Do you know John?你认识约翰吗 |
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| Mary didn't come to see me yesterday. 玛丽昨天没来看我。 |
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| You like this picture, don't you?你喜欢这张画,不是吗? |
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| 2、代替前面已经提到过的动词,避免重复 | Do you smoke? ? Yes, I do.你抽烟吗? -是的,我抽。 |
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| smoke. So does he.我抽烟。他也抽。 |
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| He doesn't like it. Neither dol.他不喜欢,我也不。 |
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| They went swimming yesterday. So did we.他们昨天去游泳了。我们也去了。 |
| 3、帮助加强谓语动词的语气: | I do like you.我真的喜欢你。 |
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| She/He does like you.她/他确实喜欢你。 |
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| She/They/We did go swimming yesterday.她/他们/我们昨天确实去游泳了。 |
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| lf you do know, answer me in a loud voice so that all may hear.如果你的确知道,就大声回答我,以便大家都能听见 |
| be, have, do都能做实意动词用: | These are computers.这些是计算机。 |
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| We're having breakfast. 我们正在吃早饭。 |
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| I did some washing last night.我昨晚洗了衣服。 |
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shall和will | shal/will 构成一般将来时 | We shall/will be rich, if we succeed.我们将很富有,如果我们成功的话。 |
| should/would构成过去将来时 | They will be rich, if they succeed.他们将很富有,如果他们成功的话。 |
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| They said they would be rich, if they succeeded.他们说他们将很富有,如果他们成功的话。 |
| shall用在第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中,来征求意见,表示“要不要....”.Shall I go now?要我现在就走吗? |
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| I Shall we invite her, too?我们也邀请她吗? |
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| Shall the house be insured against fire?要给房子保火险吗? |
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| Shall the reporters wait outside or what?要记者们在外面等还是怎样? |
| shall用于所有人称,表说话人的决心、保证、许诺、威胁、警告、命令等强烈的感情。You shall have an answer by tomorrow.到了明天,你会得到答复的。 |
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| If he's good, he shall have a new watch for Christmas.如果他表现好,在圣诞节就会得到-块新表 |
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| You shall suffer for this.你会为这事吃苦头/付出代价的! |
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| I don't want to be hard on them; they shan't be pressed. 我不想难为他们;不会过于逼迫他们的。 |
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| They hope to undermine our unity; they shall fail. 他们希望破坏我们的团结:他们不会成功的。 |
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| If you children don't do as tell you, you shan't go to the party.你们小孩要是不听话,就不让你们参加晚会。 |
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| As a man sows, so he shall reap.善有善报,恶有恶报。 (谚语) |
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| Then you shall come; and you will come too, Ruth, won't you?那你得来; Ruth, 你也来好吗? |
| would可表示过去的习惯,类似used to: | He would come to see me on Sunday when he was here. 他在这里的时候,星期天就来看我。 |
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| The dog would lie there in the sun all afternoon.那只狗常常整个下午躺在那里的太阳底下。 |
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| When we were children, we would go skating every winter. 小的时候,每年冬天我们都去滑冰。 |
| wil可表示“愿意、肯、会、固执”等,而非将来:I meant to reason with you, but you won't reason.我打算和你讲理,但是你就是不讲理。 |
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| I will pay you for it.我会付给你钱买下它的。 |
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| Go where you will.到你愿意去的地方。 |
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| She won't so much as look at David.她连看都不看一眼大卫。 |
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| We're going on a climbing trip. Come if you will.我们要去爬山。你愿意的话就跟我们一起来。 |
| will可表示倾向、习惯(总是会,老是等意思),在否定句中可以表示“不肯、不能”等意思:Boys will be boys.男孩子总归是男孩子。 |
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| A wise man changes his mind; a fool never will.聪明人会改变自己的思想,而傻子却不会 |
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| Sometimes the cat will lie there all morning.有时候猫会整个下午躺在那里。 |
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| Oil and water will not mix.油和水是不会混合在一起的。 |
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| She will sit there for hours, waiting for her son to come back.她总是在那里坐上好几个小时,等她儿子回来。 |
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| This machine won't work.这台机器不工作了/坏了。 |
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| These things will happen.这样的事情总是会发生的。 |