崇明区2022届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。请将答案填涂在答题纸上。）I.ListeningCom
prehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartensh
ortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconver
sation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconvers
ationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhear
aconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossible
answersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswert
othequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Abankclerk.B.Ashopassist
ant.C.Anairhostess.D.Ahotelreceptionist.2.A.$10.B.$15.C.
$25.D.$30.3.A.Buysomeingredientsforthesalad.B.Waitfor
thewomantoreturn.C.Handthestoreovertothewoman.D.Make
ashoppinglist.4.A.Itdoesn’ttakelongtodrivethere.B.Heh
asmemorizedeverypartofthedrive.C.Hedoesn’twanttodrive
anymore.D.TheroadtoBridgeporthasjustbeenopened.5.A.The
ticketwasexpensive.B.Hedidn’tbuytheticket.C.Thetickets
havebeensoldout.D.Hedoesn’tknowthepriceoftheticket.6.
A.DeliverthenotebooktoCathy.B.LookforCathy’snotebook.C
.AskCathytoexplainthechemistrynotes.D.AskCathyforthem
an’snotebook.7.A.Hehopestograduatebeforethesummer.B.The
womanwon’tbeabletokeepupthepace.C.Thewomanwillgradua
teaftertheman.D.Hedoesn’twanttoattendschoolyearround.8
.A.He’lljointhebandsoonerorlater.B.Hehadabadtimein
theschoolband.C.Hequitthebandforacademicreasons.D.He’s
stillamemberoftheschoolband.9.A.Themanisusedtocoldw
eather.B.TheweatherinOctobershouldbewarmer.C.Themandis
believestheweatherforecast.D.Theweatherthisweekendwillre
mainwarm.10.A.Hisprojectcouldn’tcontinueduetothegovernm
ent.B.Hedidn’tneedanysupportfromthegovernment.C.Hispr
oject’sfinancialproblemhasbeensolved.D.Hehasalreadysto
ppedhisprojecthalfway.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youw
illheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyou
willbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesand
theconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbes
pokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossible
answersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswerto
thequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedon
thefollowingpassage.11.A.Manyleadersareanxiousaboutthei
rteam’sproductivity.B.Employeesarehappierwhentheyworkfr
omhome.C.Moreandmorepeopleprefertoworkathomenow.D.W
orkingremotelyimprovesemployees’productivity.12.A.4%.B.18%
.C.38%.D.58%.13.A.Itcanstrengthentheirleadership.B.Itc
anhelpthemmanagetheirtime.C.Itcanrelievethemofsomeco
ncern.D.Itcancausethemtosethighergoals.Questions14throu
gh16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Theimportanceof
beestoagriculture.B.Thefactorsincausingthedeclineofbee
s.C.Thereasonsforchoosingadayforbees.D.Thewaystoinc
reasethediversityofbees.15.A.Thechangeintheirfoodforms
.B.Thedisappearanceoftheirhomes.C.Thelossofsomeplants.
D.Thepoorharvestinagriculture.16.A.Raisingawarenessofpr
otectingbees.B.Keepingmorepeopleawayfrombees.C.Inspiring
moreartworksaboutbees.D.Encouragingprofessorstokeepbees
.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.
17.A.Howtobookamovieticket.B.Whomtoseeamoviewith.C
.Whethertoseeamovie.D.Wheretoseeamovie.18.A.Ithas
beenwidelycriticized.B.Ithasreceivedgoodcomments.C.Itha
satotallydifferentstyle.D.Ithasbeenreviewedmanytimes.19
.A.Itcreatesbetteratmosphere.B.Helikesthecompanyofstra
ngers.C.Itismuchmorerelaxing.D.HedislikesMarvel’soldmo
vies.20.A.Shefeltverytired.B.Shetriedtoavoidthetallg
uy.C.SheneededsomesleepD.She’dliketoseethetinydetails
.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthe
passagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherenta
ndgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fill
ineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheoth
erblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ArtistsShowCo
ncernforEnvironmentatSmithsonianCraftShowTheUnitedNations
saysmorethanonemillionplantandanimal?species?arelikelyt
odieoutbecauseofhumanactivity.Thatthreat(21)_____thee
nvironmentandconcernsaboutclimatechangeinfluencedpeopleat
tendingthe?https://smithsoniancraftshow.org/SmithsonianCraftSh
ow?lastmonth.Theshowgaverecognitiontoartists(22)_____(c
reate)environmentally?sustainable?works.TheSmithsonianCommitte
eismadeupofvolunteersfromtheWashington,D.C.area.Joann
Symonsisthegroup’spresident.“Inrecentyears,we’venoticed
thattheartistsinourshowshavebeenworkingwithmorerenewab
lematerialsandmethods(23)_____areenvironmentallysafe.Tha
t’s(24)_____we’vedecidedthatwewillrewardthoseeffortsby
offeringaSustainabilityAwardeveryyearatourshow,”saidSy
mons.Attheshowlastmonth,120artistsfromacrosstheUnitedS
tatespresentedworksofartin12differentmaterials.Twenty-on
eartistsmettherequirementsforsustainability.Bydoingso,t
heywontheright(25)_____(compete)fortheHonoringtheFutur
eSustainabilityAward.Thewinnerreceivedaprizeof1,000doll
ars.MaryJaegercreatesherworksofartinanearly100-year-old
factorybuildinginBrooklyn,NewYork.Shemakesartworksthat
(26)_____bewornasclothing.Itcombinesthetime-honoredqual
itiesofJapanesetextileswithmodernWesterndesigns.Jaegerwo
nthe“HonoringtheFutureSustainabilityAward”forhersilkcre
ations.Shemakesthembyhand,combiningearlierprojectswithm
aterials(27)_____(leave)over.Theartistsaid,“(28)_____I
lookatthesebeautifulsilksthatIhaveacquiredovertheyears
ofdesigning,Iwantedtorepurposethemintosomethingthatwas
trulybeautiful,butcompletelydifferentthantheoriginalprod
uct...”FranDubrowski(29)_____(head)HonoringtheFuture,ano
nprofitorganizationthatprovidesthesustainabilityaward.She
saidthegroup(30)_____(set)upto?takeadvantageof?thepower
ofarttoeducateandengagethepubliconclimatechange.Sectio
nBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblan
kwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeused
once.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.awardedB
.contemporaryC.demandD.emittedE.exploreF.exposureG.inevitab
leH.protectiveI.tragicJ.undertakeK.unmatchedPraiseforPionee
rsinScienceInmemoryofMarieCurieonherbirthdayonSaturday
,theofficialwebsiteoftheNobelPrizepostedaphotographof
hernotebooksaying,“MarieCuriediedofaplasticanaemia(再生障碍性
贫血)on4July1934,aresultofyearsof31toradiationthrou
ghherwork.Eventodayherlaboratorynotebookfrom1899-1902,i
sradioactiveandwillbefor1,500years.”ThetalesofMarieand
otherscientistsofhertimeareinsomesensevery32.Wilhe
lmConradRoentgen,aprofessorofphysicsattheWuerzburgUnive
rsityinGermany,discoveredX-rayin1895.Ayearlater,Antoine
HenriBecquerelfoundthatsomenaturalsubstances33rays,to
o.Later,Marieandherphysicisthusband,PierreCurie,gaveit
aname,radioactivity.However,theharmfuleffectsofradioactivi
tywerenotdiscovereduntildecadeslater.Marieandher34s
cientistsdealtwithradioactivesubstancesfordecadesusinglit
tleornoprotection.Marie’sdeathisareminderabouttherisks
pioneersinscience35.Itwasonlyafterpeoplehandlingrad
ioactivesubstancesbegantogetsimilardiseasesthatmedicalex
pertsaskedpeopletouseprotection.Today,medicalhealthworke
rsandpatientswearheavy36coversduringX-rays.Itisalmo
st37thatthoseexploringnewfrontiers(前沿)forscienceare
exposingthemselvestounknowndangers.Thereisa(n)38forb
etterprotectionforthepioneers,butthatisnotpossibleuntil
thedangersarefullyknown.Forexample,thespacesuitsastrona
utswearprotectthemagainstradiation.However,onlytimewill
telliftherearesomeotherunknowndangersthattheyneedtopr
otectthemselvesagainst.Thecontributionsandsacrificesbysuch
pioneerstothefieldofscienceare39anddeservingofour
respect.Becausethepioneersnotonly40newfrontiers,buta
lsohelpusbetterprotectourselvesfromunknownenvironments.II
I.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankinth
efollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,
CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfit
sthecontext.Weallknowthedangersofadietthat’shighinfa
t.ButanewstudyfromresearchersattheTokyoMedicalandDent
alUniversity(TMDU)inJapanhasnowfound?havingafat-heavydi
etcanalso41hairloss.Intheaveragehealthyadult,thehair
folliclestemcells(HFSCs)(毛囊干细胞)42themselvesregularly,w
hichiswhyyourhairgrowsbackwhenyoucutitandalsowhyit
becomeslonger.Aswithmostthingsinthehumanbody,though,ag
ingdoesn’tdotheHSFCsany43.Asyougetolder,thestemce
llslosetheirabilitytoreproduceas44astheyoncedid,le
avingthehairtothinand/orfallout.Inthestudycarriedoutb
yTMDU’sdepartmentofstemcellbiology,micethathadbeengive
nahigh-fatdiet(HFD)weremoresubjecttoinflammatory(炎症的)r
esponsesinthebodywhich,45,blockedfollicleregeneration,
leadingtohairloss.Whatwassurprisingwasthatthe46in
thehairfolliclescouldhappeninaslittleasfourdaysspento
nahigh-fatdietandthattheproblemseemedtobeworseinolde
rmice.“High-fatdietfeedingmakeshair47fasterbyreducing
HFSCs,especiallyinoldmice,”explainsHironobuMorinaga,the
study’sleadauthor.“WecomparedthegeneexpressioninHFSCsbe
tweenHFD-fedmiceandstandarddiet-fedmiceand48thefate
ofthoseHFSCsaftertheiractivation.”It’snotjustthe49co
ntentofyourfoodthatcandamageyourhairaswhatyouconsume
canreallyaffecthowyourhairgrowsandevenwhethermenwillk
eepit,asDrAliaAhmed,whospecializesinthestudyofskin,e
xplains.50shortagesareoftentherootcauseofmanyhairpr
oblems,addsDrAhmed.“Iron,vitaminA,vitaminD,vitaminE,et
c.—therearesomanynutrientsinvolvedinhair51,”shesay
s.“It’snotjustgenetics.”Ifyou’vegotasweettooth,forexam
ple,youmayneedtothinkabout52thesweetfood.Notonlyi
ssugarbadforyourhair,butitcancauseyourbloodsugarleve
lstorisedramatically,which,inmen,canraisethelevelsoft
hehormoneandrogen(雄性激素),leadingtofollicle53andpotenti
alhairloss.Butdon’tmakethe54ofsubstitutingsugarfora
rtificialsweeteners.Takedietdrinksthatreplaceprocessedsug
arwithartificialsweetenerslikeaspartame,forinstance.Inth
eiranalysisofaspartame,theUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdmini
stration(FDA)haslistedhairthinningandhairlossasoneoft
hemainsideeffectsof55ofaspartame.41.A.fitinwithB.m
akeupforC.copewithD.speedup42.A.cureB.renewC.identifyD.
protect43.A.harmB.favoursC.justiceD.corrections44.A.effic
ientlyB.constructivelyC.generouslyD.fundamentally45.A.intur
nB.bycontrastC.forinstanceD.asusual46.A.participatingB.p
erseveringC.worseningD.documenting47.A.dyingB.growingC.clea
ningD.thinning48.A.alteredB.tracedC.suspectedD.stimulated49
.A.proteinB.vitaminC.sugarD.fat50.A.SleepB.WaterC.Nutrit
ionalD.Widespread51.A.productsB.samplesC.disordersD.cells52
.A.puttingdownB.messingupC.figuringoutD.turningover53.A
.recreationB.damageC.replacementD.disappearance54.A.useB.p
rospectC.differenceD.mistake55.A.disrespectB.undervaluationC
.overconsumptionD.misunderstandingSectionBDirections:Readthe
followingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralqu
estionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour
choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestacco
rdingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
(A)TheemployeesatHelwigCarbonProductsinMilwaukeehavethei
rowncompanycafeteriaonasite,ararityitseemsmoreandmor
ethesedays.Butifanyonewantstoeatadoughnut(甜甜圈),it’sg
oingtocosttwiceasmuchaswhattheymightpayforthesweeta
tthelocalgrocerystore.That’sbecauseHelwigCarbonProducts
hasawellnessprogram,anditisoneofmanylocalcompaniestry
ingtoshowemployeeshowtoeathealthier.“We’rereallytryingt
opersuadepeopletoeathealthier,”saidCherylBrah,humanreso
urcesdirectoratHelwigCarbonProducts.“Apieceoffruitis25
cents;adoughnutis$1.50—andwestillhavepeoplewhobuydo
ughnuts.Peoplecomplain—butwereallytrytoputoureffortst
owardthemiddle-of-the-linepeoplewhomightleanmoretowardth
ewellnessside,eventually.”Thiseffortisn’tjusthappeningat
HelwigCarbon.Therehasbeenacity-widemovementof44localco
mpanieswhoaddedorevolvedtheirhealthandwellnessprogramst
otheircompanyculture,andbecauseofitMilwaukeeisnownatio
nallyrecognizedforalargenumberofbusinesseswithwellnessp
rograms.Itallstartedseveralyearsago,whenaprogramcalledW
ellCityMilwaukeeteamedupwith44localbusinessesthatcollec
tivelyrepresentaworkforceof130,000employees.WellCityMilw
aukeeprovidedhealthypracticesguidelinesforbusinesses.Inex
change,itsurveyedtheemployeestofindoutwhattheirhealthn
eedsandriskswereandwhatactivitiestheyfoundinteresting.W
ellCitythensetaveryhighbarforcompaniestomeetalotof
expectationstobeconsideredatopwellnessprogram.Companiesne
ededacommitmentfromtheCEO;toformawellnessteam;tocolle
ctinformationfromtheemployeesinsurveysandhealthassessmen
ts;tocomeupwithanoperatingplan;tocreateasupportiveenv
ironment;toself-evaluatetheirefforts;andfinally,tochoose
theirbestapproaches.Thatmeantcomingupwithactivities,bett
ernutritioneducation,andmotivationalprogramslikegettingpe
opletoquitsmoking,gettingpeopleinformedicalself-careand
workingonstressmanagement.56.Whatdoesthepassagemainlywa
nttotellus?A.Companycafeteriasarerarerandrarertheseda
ys.B.Ahealthydietisespeciallyimportanttopeople’shealth.
C.Companycultureisgainingpriorityinacompany’sdevelopmen
t.D.Companiesaretryingtohelptheiremployeesthinkaboutth
eirhealth.57.Thecompanycafeteriachargesmuchmorefordoughn
utsinorderto_____.A.driveemployeestothelocalgroceryst
oreB.showtherichingredientsofthedoughnutsC.profitmore
fromthewellnessprogramD.discouragethepurchaseofunhealthy
food58.“Themiddle-of-the-linepeople”inParagraph2referto
thosewho_____.A.areneutralaboutwhattoeatB.areusedtoc
uttinginlinewhenbuyingfoodC.areaddictedtosweetfoodD.
aremiddle-agedandhavehealthproblems59.AccordingtoWellCit
yMilwaukee’srequirements,atopwellnessprogramofacompanys
hould_____.A.motivateitsemployeestocooperatewitheachoth
erB.diagnoseandtreatitsemployees’diseaseseffectivelyC.in
itiaterelatedactivitiesbasedontheiremployees’needsD.proh
ibititsCEOfromputtinganypressureonitsemployees(B)Welcom
etotheofficialLouvreonlinesalessiteTheMuséeduLouvreis
reopeningandwearegladtobeabletowelcomeyoubackagain.I
nlinewiththemeasurestakentopreventthespreadofCOVID-19,
visitorswillberequiredtowearamask.Accordingtogovernmen
trecommendations,allvisitorstotheLouvreaged12yearsandt
womonthsoroldermustshowaHealthPass.Allvisitors,includi
ngthoseentitledtofreeadmission,mustbookatimeperiod.Ple
aseacceptourapologiesfortheinconvenience.Individualtickets
fortheMuseumAdmissionandreservationofatimeperiodtoacce
ssthepermanentcollections.Ticketsvalidfortheselecteddate
only.FulllistofvisitorsentitledtofreeadmissionatLouvre.
fr.Generaladmission:€18TheMuséeduLouvreisopeneveryday—
exceptTuesdays,January1,May1andDecember25—from9:00amt
o6:00pm.Visitorswillbeaskedtoleavetheexhibitionrooms3
0minutesbeforeclosure.Allticketspurchasedonlinearetime-st
ampedandnominative(记名的);youmaythereforebeaskedtoprovide
proofofidentity.Theyareonlyvalidfortheservice,dateand
timeselected.Theycannotbeusedtoskipthequeuebutdoguara
nteeaccesstothemuseumwithinhalfanhourofthetimeshowno
ntheticket.Anyholderofanonlineticketwhodoesnotarrive
withintheassignedtimeperiodforadmissiontothemuseumshall
besubjecttothesameadmissionandwaitingconditionsasvisit
orswithouttickets.Visitorsentitledtofreeadmission(otherth
anLouvremembers)—Under18s,proofofIDrequired—16-25year-old
residentsoftheEuropeanEconomicArea(EuropeanUnion,Norway,
Iceland,andLiechtenstein),proofofIDandresidencyrequiredP
rofessionals—TeachersworkinginFrance,valid“PassEducation”r
equired—Teachersofart,arthistoryortheappliedarts,validp
roofofemploymentstatingsubjecttaughtrequired—Artistswitht
heMaisondesArtistesorInternationalAssociationofArt,valid
proofrequiredOther—Jobseekers,validproofandIDrequired(d
atedwithinthelastyearorindicatingaperiodofvalidity)—Dis
abledvisitorsandthepersonaccompanyingthem60.Thispassagem
ainlyaimsat_____.A.introducingtheexhibitsattheLouvreB.
providingticketinginformationoftheLouvreC.listingrestric
tionsonadmissiontotheLouvreD.illustratingtheservicespro
videdattheLouvre61.IfafamilyinNorway,includingthewife,
anartteacher,thehusband,anITengineer,anda10-year-olds
on,wanttovisittheLouvrethisweekend,theyshouldpayatlea
st_____inall.A.€18B.€36C.€45D.€5462.Whatcanbelearned
abouttheLouvrefromthepassage?A.Itisopeneverydayexcept
onTuesdays.B.Itsonlineticketsensureaccesstoitatanyti
me.C.ProofofIDisrequiredforanyonebuyingitsticketsonli
ne.D.Ticketholdersmayberefusedtoenteritifarrivinganh
ourlate.(C)ArecentstudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvan
ceshasrevealedthattheUnitedStatesranksashighasthirdam
ongcountriescontributingtocoastalplasticpollution.Thenew
researchchallengestheonce-heldassumptionthattheUSisadequ
ately“managing”itsplasticwaste.Apreviousstudyusing2010d
atathatdidnotaccountforplasticwasteexportshadrankedthe
US20th,globally,initscontributiontooceanplasticpollutio
n.Usingplasticwastegeneration(产生)datafrom2016—thelatest
availableglobalnumbers—scientistscalculatedthatmorethan
halfofallplasticscollectedforrecycling(1.99milliontonso
f3.91milliontonscollected)intheUSwereshippedabroad.Of
this,88%ofexportswenttocountriesstrugglingtoeffectively
manageplastics;andbetween15-25%waslow-valueorcontaminated
(受污染的).Itmeansitwasunrecyclable.Takingthesefactorsinto
account,theresearchersestimatedthatupto1milliontonsofU
S-generatedplasticwasteendeduppollutingtheenvironmentbeyo
nditsownborders.Using2016data,thepaperalsoestimatedthat
between0.91and1.25milliontonsofplasticwastegeneratedin
theUSwaseitherlitteredorillegallydumpedintotheenvironm
entdomestically.Combinedwithwasteexports,thismeanstheUS
contributedupto2.25milliontonsofplasticsintotheenvironm
ent.Ofthis,upto1.5milliontonsofplasticsendedupincoas
talenvironments.ThisrankstheUSashighasthirdgloballyin
contributingtocoastalplasticpollution.“TheUSgeneratesthem
ostplasticwasteofanyothercountryintheworld,butrathert
hanlookingtheproblemintheeye,wehaveoutsourcedittodeve
lopingcountries,”saidNickMallos,seniordirectorofOceanCon
servancy’sTrashFreeSeasprogramandaco-authorofthestudy.
“Thesolutionhastostartathome.Weneedtocreateless,bycu
ttingoutunnecessarysingle-useplastics;weneedtocreatebett
er,bydevelopinginnovativenewwaystopackageanddelivergood
s;andwhereplasticsareinevitable,weneedtogreatlyimprove
ourrecyclingrates.”“Previousresearchhasprovidedglobalvalu
esforplasticinputintotheenvironmentandcoastalareas,but
detailedanalyseslikethisoneareimportantforindividualcoun
triestofurtherassesstheircontributions,”saidDr.JennaJamb
eck,DistinguishedProfessorattheUniversityofGeorgia’sColle
geofEngineeringandaco-authorofthestudy.“Inthecaseoft
heUnitedStates,itiscriticallyimportantthatweexamineour
ownbackyardandtakeresponsibilityforourglobalplasticfootp
rint.”63.Comparedwiththepreviousstudy,thenewone_____.A.
coversdatamorecomprehensivelyB.excludesplasticwasteshippe
dabroadC.iscontrarytothelatestglobalnumbersD.challenges
therecyclingwayofplastics64.Accordingto2016data,whatca
nbelearnedabouttheplasticwastegeneratedintheUS?A.Over
halfofitendeduppollutingtheenvironmentoutsidetheUS.B.
Mostofitsexportedplasticwastewasn’tworthrecycling.C.Le
ssthanhalfofitwasactuallyrecycleddomestically.D.Moreof
itislitteredorillegallydumpedthanexported.65.Itisimpli
edbyNickMallosthat_____.A.plasticpollutionindeveloping
countriesismoreseriousB.UShasbeenirresponsibleindealing
withitsplasticwasteC.USshouldcooperatewithotherstohan
dleitsplasticwasteD.innovativemeansareneededtoeliminate
single-useplastics66.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle
forthepassage?A.PlasticPollutionGreatRisktoMarineLifeB
.USTopContributortoCoastalPlasticPollutionC.PlasticWast
eMajorSourceofCoastalPollutionD.RecyclingEffectiveWayto
AddressPlasticWasteSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpas
sage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.
Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomor
esentencesthanyouneed.Therearecurrentlymanyjobopeningsi
ntheUnitedStates.Hourlyworkersarenowseekingmoreflexibili
tyintheirschedules.Hethinkscompaniesarelearningthatmoney
alonecannotsolvetheirhiringissues.Now,henotes,it’smore
aboutwhatyouneedasanemployeeandhowwecanmakeyouhappy.
Itsaystherateatwhichemployerswereabletofillweekendsch
edulesdroppedfromJanuarythroughAugustcomparedwithweekday
work.Thatcontributedtoalaborshortage,forcingemployerstol
ookforwaystomaketheirjobsseemmoreattractivewhilealsoc
uttingbackonhoursofoperation.USBusinessesGiveintoWorker
DemandstoKeepEmployeesAsmanyAmericanbusinessesstruggleto
filljobs,somehavestartednegotiatingdemandsthatusedtobe
non-negotiableformosthourlyemployees.Oneofthetopdemands
formanyworkersisscheduling—thedaysandtimetheyspendon
thejob.67Thatmeansemployeesarepushingbackagainstrequir
ementstoworkweekends,latenightsorholidays.68Therefore,w
orkerscanbemorecarefulaboutthejobstheychoose.Therewere
10.4millionjobopeningsattheendofAugustand11.1million
openingsthemonthbefore.Thosenumbersarethehighestsinceat
leastDecember2000,whenthegovernmentstartedrecordingthed
ata.Atthesametime,theU.S.LaborDepartmentsaidthenumber
ofpeoplequittingtheirjobsjumpedto4.3millioninAugustfro
m4millioninJuly.Arecentstudyfromanemploymentcompanyfou
ndthatnearly40percentofjobseekersworldwidesaidschedulef
lexibilitywasoneoftheirtopthreeissuesincareerdecisions.
Instaworkisanemploymentmarketplacethatconnectslocalbusin
esseswithhourlyworkers.69Suchchangesarehappeningascompa
niestrytohiremoreworkersfortheupcomingholidayseason.Ta
rgetCorporation,forexample,saidthismonthitwillpay$2an
hourmoretoemployeeswhoagreetoworkschedulesduringbusyda
ysoftheholidayseason.SumirMeghaniisco-founderandCEOof
Instawork.70Hourlyworkersarenowaskinghowtheycangetth
esamework-lifebalanceasworkersinotherkindsofjobswhoca
nworkremotely.Duringthepandemic(大流行病),hourlyworkerswereh
itespeciallyhardwhenbusinesseslikedepartmentstoresandres
taurantswereforcedtocloseforafewmonthsduringthespring
of2020.Thosewhoremainedemployedatessentialbusinesseslike
grocerystoresfoundthemselvesworkingtoomuchandtoohard.IV
.SummaryWritingDirections:?Readthefollowingpassage.Summariz
ethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomoret
han60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.?71.IsSmal
lTalkNecessary?What’sthefirstthingyoudowhenyouenterac
rowdedroom?Youprobablylookaroundforafamiliarface.Wheny
oucan’tfindone,youhavetwochoices:youcanstandalone,or
youcanwalkupandspeaktosomeonethatyoudon’tknow.Starting
aconversationwithastranger,though,isoftenuncomfortablea
ndcanbealittlescary.Yetasyougothroughlife,you’resure
toencounterstrangersinmanydifferentsituations,whenaneed
toconnectwithotherswillhopefullyoutweighyourfears.Inor
dertoprepare,ithelpstolearntheartofsmalltalk.Smalltal
kisthebeginningstageofacasualconversation,whichusually
takesplacebetweenstrangersorcasualacquaintances.Withsmall
talk,twoormorepeoplesearchforcommoninterestsandpoints
ofconnection.Ifoneisdiscovered,theconversationusuallybeg
instoflowmorenaturally,oftenresultingindeeperdiscussion.
Masteringafewtechniqueswillallowyoutoenteraroomfullo
fstrangerswithconfidence.Whenyouwalkuptoagroup,noticea
nyonetryingtomakeeyecontactwithyoubecausethisisoftena
signthatthepersonisinterestedintalking.Beginbyintroduc
ingyourself,andthen,youshouldbeginwithoneofthreetopics
:talkaboutyourself,theotherpersonorsomethingyoucanboth
observe,liketheweather.Anotherwaytobeginaconversationis
withacompliment.Yourpraiseofsomeone’sscarfmightleadto
adiscussionaboutfavoriteplacestoshop.RadiohostTerryGross
,whohasinterviewedthousandsofpeopleovertheyears,sayson
eopeningrequestworksforhereverytime:“Tellmeaboutyourse
lf.”Thisapproachgetstheballrollingbecausepeopleenjoytal
kingaboutthemselves.Thoughsmalltalktakespractice,it’swort
htheeffortandit’sthestimulusthatcanleadtodeeperconver
sations.V.TranslationDirections:Translatethefollowingsentenc
esintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.他俩性格相似
，已是多年的朋友了。(resemble)73.拐角处突然窜出一只猫，把老人吓得倒退了几步。(Out)74.这位摄影师工作孜孜不
倦，技术又精湛，人们预测他的成名指日可待。(so…that…)75.看着孩子们渴求知识的眼睛，这位支教老师义无反顾地放弃了城市里
的高薪工作，选择了留在这个小山村。(long)VI.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEng
lishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsg
ivenbelowinChinese.76.假设你是中华中学的高三学生李方，你的表弟Rob是美国华裔，生在长在美国，今年也
将高中毕业，最近在考虑留在美国读大学还是到中国来读大学。前几天他写了封电子邮件给你，询问你的意见。给Rob回一封邮件，在邮件中你必
须：就他该留在美国读大学还是到中国来读大学表达你的意见；比较两种选择，陈述你的理由。注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。崇明区20
22届第一次高考模拟考试英语参考答案及评分标准I.ListeningComprehension（共25分。第1至10小题，
每题1分；第11至20小题，每题1.5分。）1.D2.C3.A4.B5.A6.A7.D8.C9.B10.C1
1.D12.B13.C14.C15.B16.A17.D18.B19.A20.AII.Grammaran
dVocabulary（共20分。每小题1分。）21.to22.creating23.that/which24.wh
y25.tocompete26.can27.left28.When/As29.heads30.wasset/
hadbeenset31.F32.I33.D34.B35.J36.H37.G38.C39.K40.E
III.ReadingComprehension（共45分。第41至55小题，每题1分；第56至70小题，每题2分。）41.D42.B43.B44.A45.A46.C47.D48.B49.D50.C51.C52.A53.B54.D55.C56.D57.D58.A59.C60.B61.A62.C63.A64.C65.B66.B67.B68.A69.E70.CIV.SummaryWriting（共10分）Thoughstartingtotalkwithastrangerisdifficult,it’sunavoidable.Therefore,it’snecessarytoknowhowtostartwithsmalltalk,whichcanresultindeeperconversations.Todosmalltalkright,lookforsignsofinterestandbeginwithself-introductionandcommontopics.Youcanalsostartyourconversationwithpraisesoranopeningrequest.(57words)档次内容语言A55B44C33D22E11F00评分标准：1.本题总分为10分,其中内容5分,语言5分。2.评分时应注意的主要方面:内容要点、信息呈现的连贯性和准确性。3.词数超过60，酌情扣分。各档次给分要求:内容部分：A.能准确、全面地概括文章主旨大意，并涵盖主要信息。B.能准确概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏个别主要信息。C.能概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏部分主要信息。D.未能准确概括文章主旨大意，遗漏较多主要信息或留有过多细节信息。E.几乎不能概括文章的主旨大意，未涉及文中有意义的相关信息。F.完全未作答或作答与本题无关。语言部分：A.能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。B.能用自己的语言较连贯、正确地表述，但有个别语言错误。C.基本能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述，但连贯性较差，且有少量不影响表意的语言错误。D.基本能用自己的语言表述，但连贯性较差，且严重语言错误较多。E.几乎不能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。F.完全未作答或作答与本题无关。V.Translation（共15分）72.Theyresembleeachotherinpersonality,and/sothey’vebeenfriendsforyears.73.Outofthecornerrushedacat,whichfrightenedtheoldmanbackafewsteps.74.Thephotographerworkssotirelesslyandhisskillsaresogoodthatpeoplepredicthisfameisjustaroundthecorner.75.Lookingatthechildren’seyeslongingforknowledge,thevolunteerteachergaveuphishigh-payingjobinthecitywithouthesitationandchosetostayinthissmallmountainvillage.翻译评分标准：1、第1-2题，每题3分。第3题4分，第4题5分。2、在每题中，单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误累计每两处扣1分。3、语法错误每处扣1分。每句同类语法错误不重复扣分。4、译文没有用所给单词，扣1分。VI.GuidedWriting（共25分）档次内容语言组织结构A9-109-105-4B7-87-83C5-65-62D3-43-41E0-20-20评分标准：1.本题总分为25分，按A,B,C,D,E五个档次给分。2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。其中，内容和语言两部分相加，得15分或以上者，可考虑加4-5分，15分以上下只能考虑加0，1，2，3分。3.词数少于70，总分最多不超过10分。4.评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写和词汇用法均可接受。6.如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。7.内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。?高三英语共15页第15页 |
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