前言 我们介绍许多e2e的自动化测试工具 一类是基于 Selenium 的测试框架: robot framework gauge SeleniumBase seldom(我自己维护的) 另一类是基于JS语言的测试工具: cypress puppeteer 前都本身就是基于Selenium的自动化测试工具,后者在测试人员这个圈子也是未能撼动Selenium的地位,我认为有两个原因,一是Selenium是一个非常成熟的自动化测试工具,有大量的学习资料;另一方面selenium支持Python,没错Python以其简单的语法已经成为了测试人员学习编程语言的不二之选。 好了,介绍个新的自动化测试工具还要铺垫这么多?这是因为我看了palywright的文档之后,觉得这工具大概率能在测试人员这个群体中流行起来。 playwright 介绍 官方:https://playwright.dev/ 介绍 Playwright enables fast, reliable and capable automation across all modern browsers. 支持平台&浏览器 LinuxmacOSWindows Chromium 89.0.4344.0 ✅ ✅ ✅ WebKit 14.1 ✅ ✅ ✅ Firefox 84.0b9 ✅ ✅ ✅ 支持语言 JavaScript and TypeScript: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright Java: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-java Python: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-python C#: https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-sharp 从支持的平台、语言和浏览器来看,是不是有Selenium的味道。这是微软爸爸的项目,从微软这几年拥抱开源的态度来看,这个工具应该会得到持续的支持。 安装 不同的语言安装方式不同,根据上面的链接,到对应的项目下面查看安装方式。本文以Python为例。 安装plywright> pip install playwright 安装浏览器> python -m playwright install Downloading chromium v827102 - 89.4 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s chromium v827102 downloaded to C:\Users\fnngj\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\chromium-827102 Downloading firefox v1205 - 74.9 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s firefox v1205 downloaded to C:\Users\fnngj\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\firefox-1205 Downloading webkit v1383 - 51.4 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s webkit v1383 downloaded to C:\Users\fnngj\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\webkit-1383 录制脚本 plywright可以在浏览器中记录用户的互动并生成代码。 执行命令> python -m playwright codegen 视频 接下来,对录制的脚本做简单的修饰。from time import sleep from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright def run(playwright): pw = playwright().start() browser = pw.chromium.launch(headless=False) context = browser.new_context() # Open new page page = context.new_page() # Go to https://www.baidu.com/ page.goto("https://www.baidu.com/") # Fill input[name="wd"] page.fill('input[name="wd"]', "playwright") # Click input[type="submit"] page.click('input[type="submit"]') sleep(2) # assert title assert page.title() == "playwright_百度搜索" # --------------------- context.close() browser.close() if __name__ == '__main__': run(sync_playwright) 从API来看,和大多数自动化工具都差不多。 异步的写法 playwright官方例子中给出的异步的写法。 从它提供的API sync_playwright 的命名也可以看出,它很喜欢异步。import asyncio from playwright import async_playwright async def main(): async with async_playwright() as p: for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]: browser = await browser_type.launch(headless=False) page = await browser.newPage() await page.goto('https://www.baidu.com') await page.screenshot(path=f'example-{browser_type.name}.png') await browser.close() asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main()) 后续: playwrigth 与其他自动化工具的比较 playwright API介绍 playwright 与单元测试框架unittest/pytest的使用 |
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来自: wenxuefeng360 > 《待分类1》