Insectsasfoodcouldhelpendhunger以昆虫为食可以帮助消除饥饿Afuturewhereinsec tsmakeupasubstantialportionoftheworld''sdietisontheho rizon.Despitethesqueamishnatureofsuchcuisine,insectshave beenconsideredadelicacyinsomepartsofworldforcenturies. Theirlow-fatandhigh-proteinnutritiousprofilesmakethemap erfectcandidatetoreducefamine,alongsidehavingahostofenv ironmentalbenefits.昆虫在世界饮食中占有很大比重的未来即将到来。尽管这类美食让人感到恶心,但昆虫在世界某些地区 被视为美味佳肴已有几个世纪的历史。昆虫的低脂肪和高蛋白营养成分使它们成为消灭饥荒的完美食物,同时对环境保护也有很多益处。Anima lproteinderivedfromcows,chickenandpigtakesup80percent oftheentireworld''sfarmland,despiteonlymakinguplessthan one-fifthofcaloriesconsumedglobally.Byfreeinguplivestock space,hugeexpansesoflandacrosstheworldcouldbereturnedt onativeecosystems,supportingaspectrumofbiodiversityasnat ureintended.来自牛、鸡和猪的动物蛋白占据了全世界80%的农田,尽管只占全球消耗热量的不到五分之一。通过释放牲畜空间, 世界各地的大片土地可以回归原生生态系统,促进自然预期的生物多样性。Invertebratessuchasgrasshoppe rs,mealwormsandcricketsarepackedfullofproteinwithmuchh ighervitaminlevelsthanporkorbeef.Theyrequirelittlespace ,waterandtechnologytoraisecomparedtolargemegafaunamamma ls,whichareoftenpumpedfullofmedicationandantibioticscon tributingtotheglobalantibioticresistancecrisis.Greenhouse gasemissionsthroughthisprocessarealsonegligible,withinse ctwastemakingexcellentfertiliserforagriculturalsoil.蚱蜢、粉虫和 蟋蟀等无脊椎动物富含蛋白质,维生素含量比猪肉或牛肉高得多。与大型哺乳动物相比,养殖昆虫无需太多的水、空间和技术,而大型哺乳动物常常 要使用大量的药物和抗生素,从而导致全球抗生素耐药性危机。昆虫养殖过程中产生的温室气体排放也可以忽略不计,昆虫的排泄物为农业土壤提供 了优质肥料。Whatseemstobeamiraclesolutionformanyissuesplaguin gtheworldtodayis,however,hamperedbythechallengeofmakin ginsectspalatableasacuisineinculturesaroundtheworld.这似乎 是解决当今困扰世界诸多问题的一个奇迹般的解决方案,但它也面临着一项挑战,那就是让昆虫成为世界各地文化中的一道美味佳肴。Urban areasofAsia,EuropeandNorthAmericaaremostlikelytoassoci ateinsectswithdirtinsteadofasapalatablemeal,whichissu rprisinggiventhepopularityofmarineinvertebratecuisine.亚洲、 欧洲和北美的城市地区最容易把昆虫和泥土联系在一起,而不是把它们当作可口的食物,鉴于海洋无脊椎动物美食的流行程度,这让人百思不得其解 。Timesarechanging.TheEuropeanUnionlastyeardeclaredthatm ealwormsweresafeforhumanconsumption,triggeringmanystartup stoleapintoaction,allracingtoproducepalatableproductsf oranewhealthyandgreen-consciousmarket.时代在变。去年,欧盟宣布粉虫对人类食用是安 全的,这促使许多初创公司迅速行动起来,竞相生产相应美味的产品,以满足健康和绿色意识的新市场。Cricketproteinpow derisalsosurginginpopularity,withCanadarapidlybecomingt helargestmarketforthecommodity.Saidtohaveamildnuttyta ste,cricketproteincanbesprinkledoverporridgeorcombinedt ocreatefoodtexturesthatdonotresemblecreepycrawliesfort hesqueamish.蟋蟀蛋白粉也越来越受欢迎了,加拿大迅速成为这种商品的最大市场。据说蟋蟀蛋白有一种淡淡的坚果味,你可以将它 撒在粥上,也可以将它溶在水里,做出不像恶心的小爬虫的食物。ThesakondryinsectfromMadagascar, fastbecominganationalstaple,issaidtobesocrispyonthe outsideandmeatyontheinsidethatitcloselyresemblesfriedb aconcubes,withouttheexcessivesaturatedfat.马达加斯加的沙锅虫很快就成为了当地 的主食,据说外皮酥脆,内里多肉,很像煎培根,没有过多的饱和脂肪。Afuturewhereinsectswillbecom einvaluabletospaceexplorationisalsoimminent.Asweexplore oursolarsystem,efficientmeansofproducinganimalbased-prot einswillbecomevital.Nonearemoreefficientspace-wisethani nsects,andthecoloniesofthefuturecouldwellfindthemselves tuckingintofriedcricketswithapintofbeerwhilewatchingt heMartiansunset.在未来,昆虫将成为太空探索的无价之宝。随着我们对太阳系的探索,高效生产动物蛋白的方法将变得至关 重要。在太空,没有什么比昆虫更具效益,在未来的星球殖民地,你可能会发现自己一边吃着炸蟋蟀、喝着啤酒,一边看火星日落。重难点词汇:squeamish[?skwim??]adj.要呕吐的negligible[?neɡl?d??bl]adj.可忽略不计的;无关紧要的palatable[?p?l?t?bl]adj.美味的;可口的;受欢迎的porridge[?p??r?d?]n.粥;关押期;监禁期 |
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