动词不定式（短语）作宾语

动词不定式结构作宾语时，一般表示特殊的、具体的、一次性的行为。其句型有：

1、动词不定式短语直接作及物动词的宾语

以不定式作宾语的动词常见的有 afford, agree, aim, arrange, gegin, care, choose, claim,consent, continue, dare, decline, decide,demand, elect, endeavour,expect, fail, forget, hate, help, intend, learn, like,manage, mean, need, offer, plan, pledge, preper, refuse,remember,resolve, swear, threaten, try, undertake,venture, volunteer,vow, want,wish 等

（1）subj.+vt. + to do sth.

You can't afford to pay such a price. 这样的价钱你付不起。

He aims to become a computer expert. 他的目标是成为一名计算机专家。

We must continue to increase production and practice economy. 我们必须继续增加生产，厉行节约。

I have never sought to hide my view. 我从未想过隐瞒自己的观点。

（2）subj. +vt. +for sb. to do sth.

I shouldn't care for that man to be my doctor. 我不应该介意让那人当我的医生。

Can you arrange for the instruments to be delivered on Monday? 你安排好星期一将仪器送去吗？

注意：a、help跟不定式作宾语时，可带to，也可不带to

We note with satisfaction that all these activities have helped to promote mutual understanding and friendship between our two countries. 我们满意地注意到所有这些活动已有助于促进我们两国间的相互理解和友谊。

All this has helped raise farm yield steadily. 所有这一切都已促进稳步提高农业产量。

b、动词不定式作宾语的句型，一般不能转换成被动语态；但是不定式短语在desire,decide, hope, intend, plan, propose,suggest等少数动词的后面作宾语时，可以转换为被动态，这时需要用先行词it作形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正主语

We have decided to enroll more students this year. = It has been decided to enroll more students this year. 已决定今年录取更多学生。

They proposed to hold another round of talks in London.= It was proposed to hold another round of talks in London. 已建议在伦敦举行另一轮会谈。

c、在need, want,require,deserve等动词后边表示被动意义时，动名词作宾语用主动形式，不定式作宾语用被动形式

The house needs painting/to be painted both inside and outside.这房子里外都需要粉刷。

d、expect,hope, intend, mean, plan, suppose, think, want等动词过去完成式与不定式连用时，表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图

I had wanted to read that book. 我本想读那本书的。（实际上未读）

2、以it 作形式宾语，动词不定式短语作真正宾语

动词不定式短语作宾语时，如果宾语后边带有宾语补足语，这时就要用it 作形式宾语，将真正宾语的不定式结构移到宾语补足语之后。常用it 作形式宾语的动词有acknowledge, believe,consider, declare, fancy, feel, guess, judge, know, make,prove, realize, see, show,suppose,take, think, understand等。另外，还有“动词+介词”结构leave...to, owe...to, take...in turn等

They found it impossible to get everything ready in time. 他们发现要及时做好一切准备是不可能的。

We consider it our duty to do so. 我们认为这样做是我们的责任。

I owe it to Mary to explain that she did that on my account. 我应该替玛丽解释她是为了我而那样做的。

I think it better for you to do the work another way. 我认为你最好用另一种方法做这工作。

They thought it desirable for English to be taught in all schools. 他们认为在所有学校开设英语课是有好处的。

3、动词不定式短语作介词的宾语

有少数几个表示“除...之外”意义的介词如besides, but, expect, save, than和表示最近将来时的介词about可以跟不定式短语作宾语；动词不定式作介词but,expect,save的宾语时，如果主语部分带有实义动词do，不定式可以带to，也可以省略to

The enemy had no choice but to lay down their arms. 敌人只能缴械投降。

He thinks nothing except to be a doctor. 他一心想当医生。

There is no cure for birth and death, save to enjoy the intervals. 尽情享受人生，因为生死不由人。

What had she done for her father save (to) leave him at the first opportunity. 除了一有机会就离开她父亲之外，她为她父亲做过什么？

The meeting is about to begin. 会议马上开始。

4、“疑问代词/疑问副词/连接词 +不定式”结构作宾语

To know how to wait is the great secret of success. 成功的重要秘诀是懂得如何去等待。

I hope you'll advise me what to do. 希望你能告诉我该做什么。

Tell me whether to trust him or not. 告诉我是否可以相信他。

5、“there to be +n./pron. ”结构做宾语

本结构作宾语时，可以直接作及物动词的宾语，也可以作介词for 的宾语

I expect there to be no argument about this. 我预料对此事不会有争议。

She was waiting for there to be another interview. 她在等待再次接见。

当动词是let 时，there to be省略to,用there be形式

Let there be no mistake about the program. 这个程序不要弄错。

Let there be an end of this misunderstanding. 让这种误会终结吧。